China—growth and social cohesion

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Mark Britnell
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Health System ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Coverage ◽  
Out Of Pocket Expenses

In China, the growth of the middle class, lifting so many from poverty, is enabled by the very same urbanization and industrialization that is affecting the physical and mental health of many. From cancer to diabetes, obesity to cardiovascular disease, the chronic diseases of wealth are rising rapidly in China, while the health system is failing to keep up with people’s soaring demand for quality healthcare. But it should not be forgotten how far China has already come—implementing the world’s largest basic healthcare coverage. In this chapter, Mark Britnell discusses whether it can pick up the pace in terms of the reach and depth of care provision, with many patients still incurring significant out-of-pocket expenses. Looking forward, he also analyses the developments needed in China to provide healthcare for the growing older population.

scholarly journals Changes in physical and mental health are associated with cardiovascular disease incidence in postmenopausal women

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-453
Author(s):  
Nazmus Saquib ◽  
Robert Brunner ◽  
Manisha Desai ◽  
Candyce Kroenke ◽  
Lisa W Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Incidence

scholarly journals Eleven-year multimorbidity burden among 637 255 people with and without type 2 diabetes: a population-based study using primary care and linked hospitalisation data

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e033866
Author(s):  
Salwa S Zghebi ◽  
Douglas T Steinke ◽  
Martin K Rutter ◽  
Darren M Ashcroft
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Clinical Practice Research Datalink ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Health Comorbidities

ObjectivesTo compare the patterns of 18 physical and mental health comorbidities between people with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) and people without diabetes and how these change by age, gender and deprivation over time between 2004 and 2014. Also, to develop a metric to identify most prevalent comorbidities in people with T2D.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.SettingPrimary and secondary care, England, UK.Participants108 588 people with T2D and 528 667 comparators registered in 391 English general practices. Each patient with T2D aged ≥16 years between January 2004 and December 2014 registered in Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD practices was matched to up to five comparators without diabetes on age, gender and general practice.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrevalence of 18 physical and mental health comorbidities in people with T2D and comparators categorised by age, gender and deprivation. Odds for association between T2D diagnosis and comorbidities versus comparators. A metric for comorbidities with prevalence of ≥5% and/or odds ≥2 in patients with T2D.ResultsOverall, 77% of patients with T2D had ≥1 comorbidity and all comorbidities were more prevalent in patients with T2D than in comparators. Across both groups, prevalence rates were higher in older people, women and those most socially deprived. Conditional logistic regression models fitted to estimate (OR, 95% CI) for association between T2D diagnosis and comorbidities showed that T2D diagnosis was significantly associated with higher odds for all conditions including myocardial infarction (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.85 to 2.46); heart failure (OR 2.12, 1.84 to 2.43); depression (OR 1.75, 1.62 to 1.89), but non-significant for cancer (OR 1.12, 0.98 to 1.28). In addition to cardiovascular disease, the metric identified osteoarthritis, hypothyroidism, anxiety, schizophrenia and respiratory conditions as highly prevalent comorbidities in people with T2D.ConclusionsT2D diagnosis is associated with higher likelihood of experiencing other physical and mental illnesses. People with T2D are twice as likely to have cardiovascular disease as the general population. The findings highlight highly prevalent and under-reported comorbidities in people with T2D. These findings can inform future research and clinical guidelines and can have important implications on healthcare resource allocation and highlight the need for more holistic clinical care for people with recently diagnosed T2D.

scholarly journals The dynamics of physical and mental health in the older population

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Ohrnberger ◽  
Eleonora Fichera ◽  
Matt Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Older Population

Bi-directional associations between healthy lifestyles and mood disorders in young adults: The Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 2535-2548 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Gall ◽  
K. Sanderson ◽  
K. J. Smith ◽  
G. Patton ◽  
T. Dwyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Physical And Mental Health

BackgroundHealthy lifestyles prevent cardiovascular disease and are increasingly recognized in relation to mental health but longitudinal studies are limited. We examined bi-directional associations between mood disorders and healthy lifestyles in a cohort followed for 5 years.MethodParticipants were aged 26–36 years at baseline (2004–2006) and 31–41 years at follow-up (2009–2011). At follow-up, lifetime mood disorders (depression or dysthymia) were retrospectively diagnosed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. A five-item lifestyle score (comprising body mass index, non-smoking, alcohol consumption, leisure time physical activity and healthy diet) was measured at both time points. Linear and log multinomial regression determined if mood disorder before baseline predicted changes in lifestyle (n= 1041). Log binomial regression estimated whether lifestyle at baseline predicted new episodes of mood disorder (n= 1233). Covariates included age, sex, socio-economic position, parental and marital status, social support, major life events, cardiovascular disease history, and self-rated physical and mental health.ResultsA history of mood disorder before baseline predicted unfavourable trajectories of lifestyle over follow-up, including somewhat lower risk of improvement [relative risk (RR) 0.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.56–1.03] and greater risk of worsening (RR 1.46, 95% CI 0.99–2.15) of lifestyle independent of confounding factors. Higher lifestyle scores at baseline were associated with a 22% (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.61–0.95) reduced risk of first episodes of mood disorder, independent of confounding factors.ConclusionsHealthy lifestyles and mood disorders are closely related. Our results suggest that healthy lifestyles may not only reduce cardiovascular disease but also promote mental health.

scholarly journals (A135) Preliminary Results of Post-Flooding Impacts on Rural Elderly in Hainan Province, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s38-s38 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.Y.Y. Chan ◽  
C.L.Y. Lin ◽  
P.P.Y. Lee ◽  
I. Zheng ◽  
E.Y.L. Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Hainan Province ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Post Disaster

BackgroundLimited information is available on the health outcomes of the rural older population in developing countries is affected by disasters. In October 2010, Hainan Province experienced severe flooding following heavy rains. Nearly four million people were affected and many had undergone resettlement. This study investigated the impacts of the flooding on people living in the disaster-affected rural communities. The findings were compared with baseline information collected in 2010 about health issues in rural villages in Hainan. Health outcome comparisons also were made between ethnic groups (Han versus Li).MethodsA two-stage cluster-sampling, cross-sectional post-disaster study was conducted. The entire Hainan Island was categorized into ranks of different severity in rainfall amount and associated damage in October (most severe, intermediate, least severe). The county with the most rainfall and the most severe ranking and the one with least rainfall and the least severe ranking were identified. In each county, one Han and one Li village were chosen by using a computer-generated random number, so four villages were sampled in total. More than 100 individuals ≥ 50 years of age were interviewed by face-to-face survey. Data on disaster-related injuries, socio-demographic information, non-communicable disease, lifestyle, and mental health were collected.ResultsFindings indicated the severity of impact was associated with self-reported health outcomes of older population. Gender and ethnic differences were found in reported health outcomes. Predictors of adverse post-disaster health outcomes in older populations in rural communities were identified.ConclusionsThe results demonstrated significant differences in the impacts of flooding in rural populations. Targeted services and interventions should be planned to address the disparity and meet the physical and mental health needs post-disaster.

scholarly journals Sex differences in physical and mental health following high-intensity interval training in adults with cardiovascular disease who completed cardiac rehabilitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sol Vidal-Almela ◽  
Kimberley L. Way ◽  
Tasuku Terada ◽  
Heather E. Tulloch ◽  
Marja-Leena Keast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Main Effects

This pre-post study examined sex-differences in peak aerobic power (V̇O2peak) and physical- and mental-health outcomes in adults with cardiovascular disease who completed high-intensity interval training (HIIT)-based cardiac rehabilitation. HIIT consisted of 25 minutes of alternating higher- (4 minutes 85-95% HRpeak) and lower- (3 minutes 60-70% HRpeak) intensity intervals twice weekly for 10 weeks. V̇O2peak estimated from a graded exercise test using the ACSM equation, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, blood biomarkers and anxiety and depression were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Linear mixed-effects models for repeated measures were performed to examine differences over time between sexes. Of 140 participants (mean ± standard deviation: 58±9 years), 40 were female. Improvements in V̇O2peak did not differ between sexes (interaction: p=0.273, females: 28.4±6.4 to 30.9±7.6; males: 34.3±6.3 to 37.4±6.0 mL/kg/min). None of the time by sex interactions were significant. Significant main effects of time showed reductions in waist circumference, triglycerides, LDL, TC/HDL and anxiety, and increases in V̇O2peak and HDL from baseline to follow-up. Significant main effects of sex revealed smaller V̇O2peak, BMI and waist circumference, and higher LDL, TC and HDL in females than males. HIIT led to similar improvements in estimated V̇O2peak (females: 8.8%, males: 9.0%) and additional health outcomes between sexes. Novelty • HIIT-based CR led to similar improvements in estimated V̇O2peak and other physical and mental health outcomes between sexes. • The number of sessions attended was high (>70%) and did not differ by sex. • Both sexes showed good compliance with the exercise protocol (HR target).

Physical Activity and Health in Old Age

1997 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 154-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E.T. McMurdo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Older Population ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Exercise Habits ◽  
Mental Health Benefits ◽  
The Uk

Regular physical activity is an important component of a healthy life at all ages, and mounting scientific evidence has linked exercise to a wide array of physical and mental health benefits. This article will highlight some recent advances in knowledge. It will explore common myths that discourage the largely sedentary older population of the UK from changing their exercise habits.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document