scholarly journals Sex differences in physical and mental health following high-intensity interval training in adults with cardiovascular disease who completed cardiac rehabilitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sol Vidal-Almela ◽  
Kimberley L. Way ◽  
Tasuku Terada ◽  
Heather E. Tulloch ◽  
Marja-Leena Keast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Main Effects

This pre-post study examined sex-differences in peak aerobic power (V̇O2peak) and physical- and mental-health outcomes in adults with cardiovascular disease who completed high-intensity interval training (HIIT)-based cardiac rehabilitation. HIIT consisted of 25 minutes of alternating higher- (4 minutes 85-95% HRpeak) and lower- (3 minutes 60-70% HRpeak) intensity intervals twice weekly for 10 weeks. V̇O2peak estimated from a graded exercise test using the ACSM equation, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, blood biomarkers and anxiety and depression were assessed at baseline and follow-up. Linear mixed-effects models for repeated measures were performed to examine differences over time between sexes. Of 140 participants (mean ± standard deviation: 58±9 years), 40 were female. Improvements in V̇O2peak did not differ between sexes (interaction: p=0.273, females: 28.4±6.4 to 30.9±7.6; males: 34.3±6.3 to 37.4±6.0 mL/kg/min). None of the time by sex interactions were significant. Significant main effects of time showed reductions in waist circumference, triglycerides, LDL, TC/HDL and anxiety, and increases in V̇O2peak and HDL from baseline to follow-up. Significant main effects of sex revealed smaller V̇O2peak, BMI and waist circumference, and higher LDL, TC and HDL in females than males. HIIT led to similar improvements in estimated V̇O2peak (females: 8.8%, males: 9.0%) and additional health outcomes between sexes. Novelty • HIIT-based CR led to similar improvements in estimated V̇O2peak and other physical and mental health outcomes between sexes. • The number of sessions attended was high (>70%) and did not differ by sex. • Both sexes showed good compliance with the exercise protocol (HR target).

scholarly journals High-Intensity Interval Training for Cognitive and Mental Health in Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1985-1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH A. COSTIGAN ◽  
NARELLE EATHER ◽  
RONALD C. PLOTNIKOFF ◽  
CHARLES H. HILLMAN ◽  
DAVID R. LUBANS
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals Effects of high-intensity interval training on microvascular glycocalyx and associated microRNAs

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (6) ◽  
pp. H1538-H1551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Schmitz ◽  
Hannah Niehues ◽  
Malte Lenders ◽  
Lothar Thorwesten ◽  
Andreas Klose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Sidestream Dark Field ◽  
Sidestream Dark Field Imaging ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Glycocalyx Thickness

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been proposed to exert vasculoprotective effects. This study aimed to evaluate whether HIIT affects the microvasculature, including the endothelial glycocalyx barrier, and to identify associated microRNAs (miRNAs). Fifty healthy participants (23.1 ± 3.0 yr) performed a 4-wk 4 × 30-s all-out running HIIT. Sidestream dark-field imaging was performed at baseline and follow-up to detect changes of the sublingual microvasculature including the endothelial glycocalyx. Exercise parameters were determined by continuous running field test and documentation of high-intensity runs. miRNAs potentially associated with glycocalyx thickness were selected by structured literature search and blood samples for miRNA, and lactate measurements were drawn at baseline and follow-up HIIT. At baseline, a correlation between maximal exercise performance capacity and glycocalyx thickness (determined by perfused boundary region) was detected ( P = 0.045, r = 0.303). Increased exercise performance at follow-up also correlated with glycocalyx thickness ( P = 0.031, r = 0.416), and increased high-intensity sprinting speed was associated with an increased number of perfused vessels ( P = 0.0129, r = 0.449). Literature search identified miR-143, -96-5p, and -24, which were upregulated by HIIT already at baseline and showed an association with peak blood lactate levels after sprints (all P < 0.05). Moreover, increased baseline miR-143 levels predicted increased glycocalyx thickness at follow-up (AUCmiR-143 = 0.92, 95% confidence interval, 0.81–1.0, P = 0.0008). Elevated resting miR-126 levels after the intervention were associated with cell-free versican mRNA levels. We conclude that HIIT induces changes in the endothelial glycocalyx of the microvasculature. Associated miRNAs such as miR-143 may represent a tool for monitoring early vasculoprotective adaptations to physical activity. NEW & NOTEWORTHY High-intensity interval training is known to improve health-related fitness in general and in lifestyle-induced chronic diseases. To visualize microvasculature structure and to detect exercise-induced changes, sublingual sidestream dark-field imaging microscopy was used, and circulating miRNAs were measured. This study shows that exercise-induced changes correlate with associated circulating miRNA, which might be useful for monitoring vasculoprotective effects. Furthermore, sidestream dark-field imaging may represent a sensitive tool for the early detection of exercise-induced systemic vascular changes.

Two weeks of high-intensity interval training improves novel but not traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (6) ◽  
pp. H1039-H1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert Bond ◽  
Emma J. Cockcroft ◽  
Craig A. Williams ◽  
Sam Harris ◽  
Phillip E. Gates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Postprandial State ◽  
High Intensity Interval

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) improves traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adolescents, but no study has identified the influence of HIIT on endothelial and autonomic function in this group. Thirteen 13- to 14-yr-old adolescents (6 girls) completed six HIIT sessions over 2 wk. Each training session consisted of eight to ten 1-min repetitions of cycling at 90% peak power interspersed with 75 s of unloaded cycling. Traditional (triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and blood pressure) and novel [flow-mediated dilation (FMD), heart rate variability (HRV)] CVD risk factors were assessed in a fasted and postprandial state before (PRE), 1 day after (POST-1D), and 3 days after (POST-3D) training. Aerobic fitness was determined PRE and POST-3D. Two weeks of HIIT had no effect on aerobic fitness or traditional CVD risk factors determined in the fasted or postprandial state ( P > 0.15). Compared with PRE, fasted FMD was improved POST-1D [ P = 0.003, effect size (ES) = 0.70] but not POST-3D ( P = 0.32, ES = 0.22). Fasted FMD was greater POST-1D compared with POST-3D ( P = 0.04, ES = 0.48). Compared with PRE, postprandial FMD was greater POST-1D ( P < 0.001, ES = 1.01) and POST-3D ( P = 0.01, ES = 0.60). Fasted HRV was greater POST-1D ( P = 0.001, ES = 0.71) and POST-3D ( P = 0.02, ES = 0.44). The test meal lowered HRV in all laboratory visits ( P < 0.001, ES = 0.59), but there were no differences in postprandial HRV between visits ( P > 0.32 for all). Two weeks of HIIT enhanced endothelial function and HRV without improvements in traditional CVD risk factors. However, most of this favorable adaptation was lost POST-3D, suggesting that regularly performing high-intensity exercise is needed to maintain these benefits.

scholarly journals High Intensity Interval Training for Maximizing Health Outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trine Karlsen ◽  
Inger-Lise Aamot ◽  
Mark Haykowsky ◽  
Øivind Rognmo
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals Cognitive effectiveness of high-intensity interval training for individuals with methamphetamine dependence: a study protocol for randomised controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Menglu ◽  
Yang Suyong ◽  
Wang Xiaoyan ◽  
Wolfgang I. Schöllhorn ◽  
Zhu Dong
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Short Period ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Introduction Cognitive deficit is a common syndrome of methamphetamine (MA) dependence. It is related to decision-making, control ability, and social functioning. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a training technique that requires people to work out at full intensity during a short period. Many studies have already shown the potential effects of HIIT on cognitive functions. The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the cognitive effects of HIIT on individuals with MA dependence. Methods and analysis A total of 240 individuals with MA dependence will be randomly assigned to the HIIT group, moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) group and control (CON) group. HIIT will consist of a 24-min HIIT exercise on a treadmill. MICT will consist of a 1-h body–mind exercise. CON will be their traditional intervention. The experimental period will be 12 months with 3 interventions weekly for the first 6 months and follow-up for the next 6 months. All subjects will be given cognitive tests at baseline, after intervention and at follow-up. Cognitive performances will be compared by a mixed-model analysis for repeated measures. Discussion HIIT training may reduce illicit drug cravings amongst individuals with MA dependence; hence, HIIT may have a good effect on the cognitive functions, such as memory and executive function, of individuals with MA dependence. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000032492. Registered on April 30, 2020 (http://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=52127&htm=4)

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