The “Moligopoly” Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-63
Author(s):  
Nicolas Petit
Keyword(s):  
Market Research ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Monopoly Power ◽  
Competitive Intelligence ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Empirical Validity ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Substitute Products ◽  
Oligopoly Competition

This chapter examines the empirical validity of the moligopoly hypothesis—that is, the intuition that big tech monopolies are exposed to oligopoly competition across markets. The focus is on big tech firms’ annual filings to financial regulators as well as business analysts’ reports, market research and competitive intelligence. The data calls attention to the possibility of latent and complementary levels of competition in big tech that antitrust and regulatory decision-makers miss in their assessments of monopoly power in digital markets. This competition does not seem to originate from substitute products or services. And it seems to vary at firm level, suggesting significant heterogeneity amongst big tech firms.

scholarly journals Engaging Stakeholders and Promoting Uptake of OMERACT Core Outcome Instrument Sets

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1551-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean R. Tunis ◽  
Lara J. Maxwell ◽  
Ian D. Graham ◽  
Beverley J. Shea ◽  
Dorcas E. Beaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Translation ◽  
Core Outcome Set ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Core Outcome ◽  
Core Outcome Sets ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Outcome Instrument ◽  
Outcome Domain

Objective.While there has been substantial progress in the development of core outcomes sets, the degree to which these are used by researchers is variable. We convened a special workshop on knowledge translation at the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) 2016 with 2 main goals. The first focused on the development of a formal knowledge translation framework and the second on promoting uptake of recommended core outcome domain and instrument sets.Methods.We invited all 189 OMERACT 2016 attendees to the workshop; 86 attended, representing patient research partners (n = 15), healthcare providers/clinician researchers (n = 52), industry (n = 4), regulatory agencies (n = 4), and OMERACT fellows (n = 11). Participants were given an introduction to knowledge translation and were asked to propose and discuss recommendations for the OMERACT community to (1) strengthen stakeholder involvement in the core outcome instrument set development process, and (2) promote uptake of core outcome sets with a specific focus on the potential role of post-regulatory decision makers.Results.We developed the novel “OMERACT integrated knowledge translation” framework, which formalizes OMERACT’s knowledge translation strategies. We produced strategies to improve stakeholder engagement throughout the process of core outcome set development and created a list of creative and innovative ways to promote the uptake of OMERACT’s core outcome sets.Conclusion.The guidance provided in this paper is preliminary and is based on the views of the participants. Future work will engage OMERACT groups, “post-regulatory decision makers,” and a broad range of different stakeholders to identify and evaluate the most useful methods and processes, and to revise guidance accordingly.

The Insights Industry: Towards a Performativity Turn in Market Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 147078532110391
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Diaz Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Market Research ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Competitive Intelligence ◽  
Research Techniques ◽  
Social Listening

While market research has been the cornerstone of the intelligence ecosystem, the emergence of ‘insights’ vendors is re-shaping the market. Adjacent practices, ranging from competitive intelligence, social listening and data science, could relegate market research to legacy status in firms. This investigation explores how expert market researchers respond to the commoditisation of market research techniques and their diminishing access to the client’s organisation to address this issue. The findings show that market researchers are adapting – effectively reinventing themselves as ‘insights’ professionals – through the following four initiatives: (1) offering solution services, (2) creating architectures that integrate organic and designed data, (3) making heroes in the client’s organisation and (4) forging performative relationships based on strategic guidance. These initiatives shift market research from ostensive (descriptive or declarative) to performative (effectual or actionable). Theoretically, the article conceptualises the changes in the market research industry through the performativity lens.

Competences as a Core Factor Impacting Market Research Usage in Poland

2017 ◽  
pp. 223-247
Author(s):  
Zofia Bednarowska ◽  
Michał Andrzej Chrzanowski
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
External Source ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
Source Of Information

Almost two-thirds of Polish companies declare that the most important source of information are their own observations and personal experience (Kaper & Kuziak, 2006, p. 6). Only 32% of companies use benchmarking as an external source of information, while over two thirds of the companies do not measure their effectiveness at all (Bednarowska, 2015). They do not mention market research, which is an essential element in the management and development of enterprises. Not only they provide knowledge about the environment, but also support knowledge management in the enterprise. In order to proceed with acquiring knowledge, it is necessary to overcome a group of internal and external determinants that prevent many Polish companies from proceeding with market research. However, one of the crucial one are competences of decision makers and power sponsors of market research projects.

Knowledge Assets, E-Networks and Trust

2010 ◽  
pp. 2215-2225
Author(s):  
G. Scott Erickson ◽  
Helen N. Rothberg
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Enterprise Systems ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Competitive Intelligence ◽  
Knowledge Assets ◽  
Individual Firm ◽  
External Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Protection

Development of knowledge assets and protection of knowledge assets are both complementary and competing concerns for the contemporary business. Each has specific issues related to trust that need to be understood and addressed before an individual firm launches a knowledge management initiative. Further, with important contemporary trends such as enterprise systems, external knowledge management networks, and aggressive competitive intelligence efforts, decision-makers must increasingly evaluate their circumstances and establish the appropriate levels of trust between individuals and the organization and between cooperating organizations. This chapter reviews and elaborates on such issues. It then passes to a consideration of how these concerns might vary by industry, presenting selected data on knowledge development and knowledge protection conditions in a variety of industries.

The Impact of Rent from Unequal Exchange on Shaikh’s Classical-Keynesian Political Economic Analysis: The Example of Facebook

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Baiman
Keyword(s):  
Market Research ◽  
Phillips Curve ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Unequal Exchange ◽  
Classical Political Economy ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Surplus Extraction ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, Shaikh’s 1949–2011 classical Phillips curve (CPC) is replicated and extended to 2016. This updated CPC does not follow the pattern anticipated by Shaikh for the years 2012 to 2016. This paper hypothesizes that this divergence is a result of an increasingly “rentier” economy based on surplus extraction through unequal exchange (UE). Andrea Ricci’s methodology is then applied to the 2014 US advertising and market research (A&MR) sector as a sample test of this hypothesis. This analysis shows that UE accounts for $64 billion, or almost a half (45.3 percent), of total US A&MR value added ($141.3 billion) in 2014. A modification of Ricci’s methodology for a firm-level UE estimation finds that in 2014 Facebook alone was able to extract a within-industry, within-country, between-firm absolute rent of $3.8 billion. The paper concludes that Shaikh’s analysis needs to be extended with non-classical political economy UE, or “rentier economy,” analysis.

Salmon fishing in the severn: Judicial deference to regulatory judgments based on scientific assessments

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
Patrick Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Law ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Wide Margin ◽  
Probative Value ◽  
Regulatory Decision ◽  
Margin Of Appreciation ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
Court Of Appeal

To claim that environmental law is heavily influenced by science is to make a rather trite assertion. Disputes about the probative value of scientific and technical evidence when used as the basis for a regulatory decision are therefore not uncommon. R. (on the application of Mott) v Environment Agency is an example of this phenomenon. In particular, the key issue was whether the Environment Agency had acted perversely (in judicial review terms) by relying on contested scientific evidence as the justification for imposing catch limitations designed to preserve salmon stocks in the river Wye. In finding for the Agency, the Court of Appeal restated and reaffirmed the established principle that decision makers ought to be afforded a wide margin of appreciation in such cases; a principle which reinforces the view that the courts are not an appropriate forum for the resolution of scientific and technical disputes. In commenting on this decision it is contended that the position of the courts in this regard has the potential to undermine the rationale of evidence-based decision making. However, it is impractical in most instances for a regulator to wait for a scientific consensus to emerge, particularly when acting to protect a threatened species. As a compromise solution, it is suggested that prior consultation at least has the potential to allow affected parties to scrutinise the available science, and offer alternative evidence prior to the final decision.

scholarly journals Towards a universal competitive intelligence process model

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene Pellissier ◽  
Tshilidzi E. Nenzhelele
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Competitive Intelligence ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
Do So

Background: Competitive intelligence (CI) provides actionable intelligence, which provides a competitive edge in enterprises. However, without proper process, it is difficult to develop actionable intelligence. There are disagreements about how the CI process should be structured. For CI professionals to focus on producing actionable intelligence, and to do so with simplicity, they need a common CI process model.Objectives: The purpose of this research is to review the current literature on CI, to look at the aims of identifying and analysing CI process models, and finally to propose a universal CI process model.Method: The study was qualitative in nature and content analysis was conducted on all identified sources establishing and analysing CI process models. To identify relevant literature, academic databases and search engines were used. Moreover, a review of references in related studies led to more relevant sources, the references of which were further reviewed and analysed. To ensure reliability, only peer-reviewed articles were used.Results: The findings reveal that the majority of scholars view the CI process as a cycle of interrelated phases. The output of one phase is the input of the next phase.Conclusion: The CI process is a cycle of interrelated phases. The output of one phase is the input of the next phase. These phases are influenced by the following factors: decision makers, process and structure, organisational awareness and culture, and feedback.

scholarly journals A unified framework for incorporating decision making into explanations of business failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1341-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Amankwah-Amoah
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Business Failure ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Institutional Linkages ◽  
Learning From Others

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how decision-maker attributes unfold to precipitate organisational failure. The analysis brings to light how key attributes such as information-processing capabilities and human capital decay interact to bring about business decline and exit. Design/methodology/approach – The study is based on an integrated review and conceptualisation of the literature. Findings – The study articulates how a set of attributes of decision makers, i.e. human capital obsolescence, powerlessness, meaninglessness and institutional linkages, contributes to organisational failure. Research limitations/implications – The paper concludes by setting out an array of strategies of learning from others’ failures. Originality/value – In spite of a growing body of research on organisational failure, scholars have placed overwhelming emphasis on ecological explanations and business failure prediction models. The study moves beyond the ecological explanations to offer a more fine-grained analysis of firm-level factors that precipitate business failure.

Manufacturing Firms in Developing Countries: How Well Do They Do, and Why?

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R Tybout
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Scale Economies ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Monopoly Power ◽  
Firm Productivity ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Manufacturing Sectors ◽  
Open Issues

The manufacturing sectors of developing countries have traditionally been relatively protected. They have also been subject to heavy regulation, much of which has favored large firms. Accordingly, it is often argued that in these countries: (1) markets tolerate inefficient firms, so cross-firm productivity dispersion is high; (2) small groups of entrenched oligopolists exploit monopoly power in product markets; and (3) many small firms are unable or unwilling to grow, so important scale economies go unexploited. Drawing on plant and firm level studies, I assess each of these conjectures and find none to be systematically supported. However, many open issues remain.

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