outcome instrument
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Dysphagia ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally M. Adel ◽  
Alaa H. Gaafar ◽  
Nader Fasseeh ◽  
Rania M. Abdou ◽  
Nesrine Hazem Hamouda

AbstractPediatric eating assessment tool (Pedi-EAT-10Arabic) is a validated and reliable caregiver administered outcome instrument designed for detection of children at high risk of penetration/aspiration. The objective of this study is to translate and validate the Arabic version of Pedi-EAT-10 and to correlate its results with pharyngeal residue and aspiration on fiber optic endoscopic examination of swallowing (FEES). A cross-sectional study including 202 children selected randomly from those attending the swallowing clinic in phoniatrics unit, Otorhinolaryngology department (ORL) at main university hospital between February 2019 and October 2020 complaining of dysphagia. For test–retest reliability, one hundred caregivers refilled the Pedi-EAT-10Arabic after a 2-week period following their first visit. Validity was established by comparing the scores of dysphagia patients to healthy controls. Internal consistency of Pedi-EAT-10Arabic was high (Cronbach's alpha 0.986). Intra class correlation showed excellent test–retest reliability (r = 0.968). The median Pedi-EAT 10Arabic score was significantly higher in dysphagia group compared to healthy controls. (Median 27 IQR 21–34 for cases compared to median zero IQR 0–2 points for healthy controls, P less than 0.001). A strong correlation was found between Pedi-EAT 10Arabic scores and PAS scores with Spearman's correlation coefficient r = 0.803 and P < 0.001. The ROC for evaluating the discriminatory capacity of Pedi-EAT 10 for aspiration showed an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI of 0.89 to 0.96). Conclusion: Pedi-EAT 10Arabic was found to be a valid and reliable screening tool for further instrumental assessment of risk of dysphagia in pediatric population.


2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 1125-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Antonietta D'Agostino ◽  
Dorcas E Beaton ◽  
Lara J Maxwell ◽  
Sam Michel Cembalo ◽  
Alison Maria Hoens ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-561
Author(s):  
Eldyana Rahayu Putri ◽  
Moralita Chatri ◽  
Syamsurizal Syamsurizal ◽  
Irdawati Irdawati

COVID-19 pandemic has changed the order of people's lives, including the education sector. The transition from conventional learning to online learning often encounters obstacles, including determining the appropriate type of online learning media. One solution that can be used is to use learning media in the form of WhatsApp assisted by Edmodo in online learning. This study aims to determine the effect of using online learning media in the form of WhatsApp assisted by Edmodo in improving learning outcomes in terms of students' learning motivation. The experimental technique used was a 2x2 factorial design. The study population was all students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Bukittinggi. Sampling was done by using the purposive proportional sampling technique. The learning outcome instrument is a written test, and the learning motivation instrument is a questionnaire, the data analysis technique used two-way ANOVA test and Bonferroni advanced test. The results showed that the average value of learning outcomes in the control class was 79.38 lower than the experimental class, with an average value of 83.50. Significant differences were also obtained in the group of students with high learning motivation, with an average of 94.00 in experimental and 86.00 in the control classes. Different results were obtained in the group of students with low learning motivation, which had an average of 73.00 in the experimental class and 72.75 in the control class. The learning outcomes obtained are influenced by the interaction of choosing the type of media online learning with students' learning motivation


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Paola Daly ◽  
Jessica J. Jalbert ◽  
Shannon Keith ◽  
Tara Symonds ◽  
Jamile Shammo

Abstract Background Patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) used to measure symptoms of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) in trials do not measure PNH symptoms comprehensively and do not assess daily fluctuations in symptoms. Following a literature review and consultation with a PNH expert, we drafted the PNH Symptom Questionnaire (PNH-SQ) and a patient-centric conceptual model of PNH symptoms and impacts. We then interviewed 15 patients with PNH to assess comprehensiveness of symptom capture from the patient perspective and to cognitively debrief the PNH-SQ. Patient interview data were also used to finalize the PNH conceptual model. Results Participants mentioned 27 signs or symptoms of PNH spontaneously or after being probed; 93% reported experiencing ≥ 1 PNH symptom. Concept saturation was reached for all PNH symptoms. Further, interviews confirmed the instrument captured the most common PNH symptoms, including fatigue (87%), abdominal pain (60%), and difficulty swallowing (47%), with fatigue ranked as the most bothersome symptom. The interviews demonstrated that participants understood the items of the PNH-SQ (90–100%); considered the symptoms relevant (> 50– > 90%); the recall period appropriate (> 80–100%); and the response options suitable (> 80–100%). Participants also suggested changes regarding item redundancy and relevance; this feedback was used to finalize the instrument. Conclusions The finalized PNH-SQ assesses the presence and severity of 10 symptoms—abdominal pain, chest discomfort, difficulty sleeping, difficulty swallowing, difficulty thinking clearly, fatigue, headache, muscle weakness, pain in the legs or back, and shortness of breath—over 24 h. The PNH-SQ is a content-valid questionnaire suitable for assessing daily symptom presence and severity in PNH clinical trials.


Author(s):  
J A Harounian ◽  
V A Patel ◽  
H Isildak

Abstract Objective This study aimed to examine the medical literature regarding the natural history and management of keratosis obturans. Method PubMed was queried via the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol, and the methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies criteria. Results Fifty-one studies were abstracted, and dual investigator screening resulted in five retrospective studies for final analysis. All studies included patients afflicted with either unilateral (n = 75) or bilateral keratosis obturans (n = 8). The definition of keratosis obturans was present in three studies: a desquamated keratin plug within the external auditory canal. Mean and median Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies scores were 9.5 and 9.5, respectively. All patients underwent keratosis obturans exenteration with microscopy. Two studies reported an outcome instrument to evaluate endpoints: marked stillette and audiometry. No complications were observed with follow-up periods from 3 weeks to 3.5 years. Conclusion This comprehensive review highlights a lack of published evidence relating to keratosis obturans. However, it appears keratosis obturans treatment is safe and efficacious with identifiable clinical practice patterns.


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