Former Yugoslavia

2021 ◽  
pp. 901-907
Author(s):  
Tamara Popic ◽  
Natalija Perišić
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
State Building ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Universal Healthcare ◽  
The Common ◽  
Kingdom Of Yugoslavia

This chapter traces the common past of the healthcare systems of seven countries that formerly were part of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY): Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Slovenia. Due to their common state histories, these countries witnessed similar health policy developments, marked by the introduction of a social insurance system under the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and establishment of universal healthcare during the communist period. After the break-up of the SFRY in 1992, the countries departed on independent policy trajectories, which were protracted and disrupted by conflicts over state-building and nationalism, and in some countries also by civil war.

Bosnia And Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
pp. 948-957
Author(s):  
Jasmin Hasić
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Health Insurance ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Health Politics ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Republika Srpska

This chapter offers an in-depth look at health politics and the social health insurance system in the separate entities that make up Bosnia and Herzegovina. It traces the development of the healthcare system in Bosnia and Herzegovina, marked by the introduction of self-managed insurance system during communism. After Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence in 1992 following the breakup of the SFRY, the health system deteriorated during the devastating Bosnian War, and the nation-building process dominated the political agenda. Since 1996, facilitated by international organizations, health politics has focused on remodeling the socialist self-managed insurance system towards a more standard social insurance system with market elements. While the Republika Srpska entity has a centralized social insurance system, in the Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine entity the social insurance is decentralized, governed independently by ten cantons. As described in the chapter, the main healthcare issues have been the significant portion of uninsured, inequalities in health access both across and within regions, the high cost of private health services, and difficulties with collecting sufficient insurance contributions due to high rates of unemployment and informal employment.

scholarly journals How Well Does the U.S. Social Insurance System Provide Social Insurance?

2010 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Huggett ◽  
Juan Carlos Parra
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Institutional Design and Incentives for Migrant Workers to Participate in Social Insurance in China: Evidence from a Policy Experiment in Chengdu City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihao Tian ◽  
Yuxiao Chen ◽  
Mei Zhou ◽  
Shaoyang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Security Policy

Abstract Background: Rural-to-urban migration has increased rapidly in China since the early 1980s, with the number of migrants reaching 376 million in 2020 (National Bureau of Statistics [NBS], 2020). Despite this sharp trend and the significant contributions that the migrants have made to urban development, migrant workers have had very limited access to the social insurance that the majority of urban workers have enjoyed. Methods: Based on the background of the social insurance system adjustment in Chengdu in 2011, we establish a difference-in-differences (DID) model to empirically test the impacts of change in social insurance policy contribution rates on migrant workers' social insurance participation rates, using the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) data from 2009-2016.Results: The social insurance participation rate of migrant workers was significantly reduced after they are incorporated into the urban worker insurance system. Meanwhile, there is no significant change in the wages of migrant workers, but the working hours became longer and the consumption level turned lower. That is to say, simply changing the social insurance model of migrant workers from "comprehensive social insurance" to "urban employee insurance" reduces the incentives for migrant workers to participate in the insurance and harm the overall welfares of migrant workers.Conclusion: The design of the social security policy is an important reason for lower participation rate of migrants. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problem of insufficient incentives through targeted social security policies. Specifically, the first is to formulate a social security policy contribution rate suitable for the migrants. The second is to establish a comprehensive social security policy and gradually integrate the social security system.

scholarly journals Institutional Design and Incentives for Migrant Workers to Participate in Social Insurance in China: Evidence From a Policy Experiment in Chengdu City

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihao Tian ◽  
Yuxiao Chen ◽  
Mei Zhou ◽  
Shaoyang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Security Policy

Rural-to-urban migration has increased rapidly in China since the early 1980s, with the number of migrants has reached 376 million by 2020. Despite this sharp trend and the significant contributions that migrants have made to urban development, the migrant workers have had very limited access to the social insurance that the majority of urban workers enjoy. Against the background of the social insurance system adjustment in Chengdu in 2011, this study uses a difference-in-differences (DID) model to empirically test the impacts of changes in the social insurance policy contribution rates on the social insurance participation rates of migrant workers, using the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) data for 2009–2016. We find that the social insurance participation rate of migrant workers was significantly reduced after they were incorporated into the urban worker insurance system. There was no significant change in the wages of migrant workers, but the working hours were increased and their consumption level decreased. In other words, simply changing the social insurance model of migrant workers from “comprehensive social insurance” to “urban employee insurance” reduces the incentives for migrant workers to participate in insurance and harms the overall welfare of migrant workers. Our study indicates that the design of the social security policy is an important reason for the lower participation rate of migrants. It is necessary to solve the problem of insufficient incentives through the targeted social security policies; primarily, the formulation of a social security policy contribution rate suitable for the migrants, and the establishment of a comprehensive social security policy and the gradual integration of the social security system.

DRGs and the Professional Independence of Physicians

2011 ◽  
pp. 173-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine Frisina ◽  
Mirella Cacace
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Diagnosis Related Groups ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Hospital System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Medicare Program ◽  
Professional Independence

This chapter examines the effects of diagnosis related groups (DRGs) on the professional independence of physicians in three distinct types of healthcare systems: the U.S. private insurance system, where DRGs were first developed and subsequently implemented in the public Medicare program in 1983; the British National Health Service (NHS), which adopted an analogous version of DRGs referred to as Health Resource Groups (HRGs) in 1992; and the German social insurance system, which adopted its own DRG version (G-DRGs) based on a refined version of the Australian model that is to be fully phased into the hospital system by 2009. By examining these three cases, the present contribution asks (a) whether it is possible to identify any effects of DRGs on the professional independence of physicians; and (b) whether these effects are specific to the respective healthcare system and/or DRG version at hand.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document