New England Women Writers, Secularity, and the Federalist Politics of Church and State

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Literary Form ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Judith Sargent Murray ◽  
The Federalist ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Religious Establishment ◽  
Role Of Religion

Drawing on novels, poetry, correspondence, religious publications, and legal writing, this book offers a new account of women’s political participation in the process of religious disestablishment. Scholars have long known that eighteenth- and nineteenth-century American women wrote pious, sentimental stories, but this book uses biographical and archival methods to understand their religious concerns as entry points into the era’s debates about democratic conditions of possibility and the role of religion in a republic. Beginning with the early republic’s constitutional and electoral debates about the end of religious establishment and extending through the nineteenth century, Murphy argues that Federalist women and Federalist daughters of the next generation adapted that party’s ideals and fears by promoting privatized Christianity with public purpose. Harriet Beecher Stowe, Catharine Sedgwick, Lydia Sigourney, Judith Sargent Murray, and Sally Sayward Wood authorized themselves as Federalism’s literary curators, and in doing so they imagined new configurations of religion and revolution, faith and rationality, public and private. They did so using literary form, writing in gothic, sentimental, and regionalist genres to update the Federalist concatenation of religion, morality, and government in response to changing conditions of secularity and religious privatization in the new republic. Their project is shown to complicate received historical narratives of separation of church and state and to illuminate problems of democracy and belief in postsecular America.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Gretchen Murphy
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Early Republic ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Partisan Politics ◽  
Women Authors ◽  
Judith Sargent Murray ◽  
Autobiographical Fiction ◽  
Lydia Sigourney ◽  
Protestant Christianity ◽  
Democratic Life

Beginning with a discussion of partisan politics in Catharine Sedgwick’s juvenile letters and her autobiographical fiction, the introduction makes a case for considering five prominent New England women authors (Sedgwick, Judith Sargent Murray, Sally Sayward Wood, Lydia Sigourney, and Harriet Beecher Stowe) as profoundly influenced by and invested in a Federalist understanding of religion in a republic. This investment, which treats Protestant Christianity as a force necessary for public morality in democratic life, shaped their writing careers and forms an unacknowledged contribution to political and religious debates about church and state in the early republic and nineteenth century. Situating this argument as a contribution to scholarship in literary studies, postsecular studies, and political history, the introduction explains contributions to each area.

Resolute Motherhood

2018 ◽  
pp. 135-157
Author(s):  
Gina M. Martino
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Domestic Sphere ◽  
Gender Ideologies ◽  
National History ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Westward Expansion ◽  
New Nation

Chapter 5 explores how local and regional historians in eighteenth and nineteenth-century New England appropriated memories of colonial women’s war making to help shape new gender ideologies, national identities, and westward expansion policies in the first decades of the American republic. As part of a larger trend that saw many Americans embrace ideas of separate, gendered public and private spheres and roles for women as republican mothers, historians writing a new national history for a new nation drew on stories of colonial heroines. To better fit their stories into increasingly popular ideas about women’s place in a private, domestic sphere, these authors reworked accounts of colonial women’s war making, transforming essential martial public actors into resolute mothers who served as the last line of defense of the home in historical memory.

Israeli Judaism: Introduction to the Major Patterns

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shlomo Deshen
Keyword(s):  
Church And State ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Specific Topic ◽  
Present Writing ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Religious Establishment ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Relationship

A great deal has been written on Israeli religious institutions, activities, and problems, but the treatment of the subject leaves much to be desired. Many studies focus primarily on a specific topic within the subject – the relationship between the polity and religion as reflected in institutional arrangements. But this problem is not coterminous with the subject as a whole. While the problem of relations between synagogue and state can be discussed as a formal constitutional problem, it cannot be understood sociologically, because it merely represents the tip of an iceberg, so to speak. The iceberg itself, still to be uncovered, consists of religious phenomena – the variegated activities of various groups whereby they relate to religious symbols. People engage in these activities in many ways, causing the emergence of various features of society, and the relationship between synagogue and state is only one of them. Another limitation of present writing on religion in Israel lies in the bias whereby the Israeli situation is often evaluated according to a model of separation of church and state of the American or French type. Many writers demonstrate impatience and lack of sympathy when discussing the religious establishment and the current role of religion in the Israeli state.

The Origins of the New England Society for the Suppression of Vice

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Kemeny
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
New England ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Free Love ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Personal Liberty ◽  
Late Nineteenth

This chapter first traces the gradual and growing challenges to late nineteenth-century Victorian standards in American public and private morality, specifically the increased printing and consumption of salacious literature. The chapter then examines the work of Anthony Comstock, the formation of the New York Society for the Suppression of Vice, and the 1873 passage of the Comstock Act, which limited the availability of obscene literature. In response to Comstock, an articulate and militant opposition emerged. This opposition came not from obscenity dealers but from proponents of liberal radicalism, most notably the free love activist Ezra Heywood and his free speech allies. Their commitment to personal liberty in matters of religion, sexuality, and politics contrasted sharply with prevailing Protestant views. In response to the rising tide of obscene literature and the free love movement, elite Protestants organized the New England Society for the Suppression of Vice.

Religion in the Public Square: A Reconsideration of David Hume and Religious Establishment

2002 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Will R. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
David Hume ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Alexis De Tocqueville ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Square ◽  
National Leaders ◽  
Religious Establishment ◽  
Role Of Religion

While recent scholarship has attempted to clarify the Founders′ opposition to religious establishment, few pause to consider public establishment as a viable alternative. This study examines one of the eighteenth century's least likely proponents of religious establishment: David Hume. Despite his reputation as an avowed enemy of religion, Hume actually defends religion for its ability to strengthen society and to improve morality. These salutary qualities are lost, however, when society is indifferent about the character of the religion professed by its citizens. Hume's masterful History of England reveals that a tolerant established church is best equipped to reap the advantages of religion while avoiding the dangers of fanaticism. Hume's differences in this respect from Adam Smith and Alexis de Tocqueville are explored.In the last few years, we have witnessed a remarkable increase in public discourse about the role of religion in American life. From the spirited campaign rhetoric of vice-presidential candidate Joseph Lieberman to George W. Bush's faith-based initiative, our national leaders have demonstrated a growing willingness to bring religion into the public square. One result has been a renewed debate about the meaning of both the First Amendment and the Founders′ principle of nonestablishment. Often missing from this debate is a discussion of the deeper issues at play in the relationship between church and state. What exactly do individual citizens have to fear from a union of church and state?

scholarly journals Law and Religion in American Education

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Witte ◽  
Brian William Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
American Schools ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Role Of Religion

While American schools are governed by sundry federal, state, and local laws, the most important law on religion and education is the First Amendment guarantee: “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.” This chapter analyzes the major Supreme Court cases on the role of religion in public schools, the role of government in religious schools, and the place of religious rights of students and parents in all schools. It shows how the Court’s religion cases have vacillated between principles of strict separation of church and state and accommodation and equal treatment of religion. It shows how the Court has slowly come to protect and enhance the freedom of parents and students to choose between public and private education. And it shows how the Court has long protected students from being coerced to participate in religion or to abandon their religious practices.

Victorian Culture and Classical Antiquity

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Goldhill
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Victorian Culture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Victorian Art ◽  
Victorian Science ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
Nineteenth Century Novels

How did the Victorians engage with the ancient world? This book is an exploration of how ancient Greece and Rome influenced Victorian culture. Through Victorian art, opera, and novels, the book examines how sexuality and desire, the politics of culture, and the role of religion in society were considered and debated through the Victorian obsession with antiquity. Looking at Victorian art, it demonstrates how desire and sexuality, particularly anxieties about male desire, were represented and communicated through classical imagery. Probing into operas of the period, the book addresses ideas of citizenship, nationalism, and cultural politics. And through fiction—specifically nineteenth-century novels about the Roman Empire—it discusses religion and the fierce battles over the church as Christianity began to lose dominance over the progressive stance of Victorian science and investigation. Rediscovering some great forgotten works and reframing some more familiar ones, the book offers extraordinary insights into how the Victorian sense of antiquity and our sense of the Victorians came into being. With a wide range of examples and stories, it demonstrates how interest in the classical past shaped nineteenth-century self-expression, giving antiquity a unique place in Victorian culture.

THE NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT OF COST MANAGEMENT AMONG EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY U.S. TEXITLE MANUFACTURERS

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Tyson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New England ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Textile Mills

Several authors have suggested that a particular managerial component was needed before cost accounting could be fully used for accountability and disciplinary purposes. They argue that the marriage of managerialism and accounting first occurred in the United States at the Springfield Armory after 1840. They generally downplay the quality and usefulness of cost accounting at the New England textile mills before that time and call for a re-examination of original mill records from a disciplinary perspective. This paper reports the results of such a re-examination. It initially describes the social and economic environment of U.S. textile manufacturing in New England in the early nineteenth century. Selected cost memos and reports are described and analyzed to indicate the nature and scope of costing undertaken at the mills in Lowell, Massachusetts, in the late 1820s and early 1830s. The paper discusses how particular cost information was used and speculates why certain more modern procedures were not adopted. Its major finding is that cost management practices fully measured up to the business complexities, economic pressures, and social forces of the day.

Applied Anthropology in 1860

1942 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
H. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Applied Anthropology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Long Life

Much has been written of William Duncan, "the Apostle of Alaska", who came to the coast of northern British Columbia in 1857 as a missionary to the Tsimshian Indians. Although he deplored it, in the course of his sixty years' residence in this area controversy raged around him as a result of his clashes with church and state, and his work has been the subject of numerous investigations, both public and private. His enemies have called him a tyrant and a ruthless exploiter of the Indians under his control; and there are men still living who find a disproportionate amount of evil in the good that he did, especially during the declining years of his long life. On the other hand, he has had ardent and articulate supporters who have written numerous articles and no less than three books in praise of his self-sacrificing ideals and the soundness of his program for civilizing the Indian.

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