Gulliver Effects

Author(s):  
Clement Hawes

It has been difficult to place Gulliver’s Travels within a post-Wattsian account of the novel’s emergence and consolidation. Nevertheless, Swift’s text had important effects on the genre he so tellingly satirized. There is, for instance, a Gulliverian source for Fielding’s later assaults both on ‘realism’ and on ontological individualism. The brilliant denunciation of war near the end of Gulliver is likewise extended and novelistically developed in Tristram Shandy. Smollett’s curmudgeonly narrator in Humphry Clinker can be usefully understood as his contribution to Swift’s ‘satirist-satirized’ topos. Frances Burney’s Evelina appropriates Swift’s simian ‘Yahoo’ theme by way of mocking the English upper class. Finally, Swift’s ‘degeneration’ topos is played out as an Irish family saga in Maria Edgeworth’s Castle Rackrent. Though not a novel as such, Gulliver’s Travels is necessary to understand the novel’s history.

PMLA ◽  
1922 ◽  
Vol 37 (S1) ◽  
pp. c-cvi
Author(s):  
George F. Whicher

No student of the development of the novel can doubt the usefulness of a check-list of English prose fiction for the years between the Restoration and the French Revolution. The successive masterpieces of fiction written during this period reveal, as no list of nineteenth century novels could, a wide divergency of type, purpose, and method. Such books as Oroonoko, Pilgrim's Progress, Robinson Crusoe, Gulliver's Travels, Clarissa Harlowe, Tom Jones, Rasselas, Tristram Shandy, The Adventures of a Guinea, The Castle of Otranto, Humphrey Clinker, Evelina, Vathek, Caleb Williams, and Castle Rackrent clearly do not represent stages in a single line of development, but rather the culmination of various traditions or the combination in varying proportion of obscure tendencies. Behind these outstanding works of genius lies a relatively uncharted hinterland of experimental and contributory forms. When we recall that the fiction of this century and a half ranges from The Grand Cyrus to Goody Two Shoes, from Mrs. Manley's New Atlantis to Miss Edgeworth's Parent's Assistant, the need of some chart for the shifting cross-currents of literary fashion becomes apparent. But were a priori reasons lacking, the attempts made by several scholars during the last few years to compile a bibliography of fiction would afford a sufficient pragmatic sanction for our interest in the field.


2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Hui ◽  
Lei Fan

As a world classic, Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels is on the compulsory reading list for elementary students in China, and many school editions have been published to meet this curricular requirement. This paper aims to reveal how the paratext, which is often neglected because of its peripheral position, contributes to moral education, especially in influencing young readers' positive interpretation of the protagonist. The two additional narrators which are introduced in the paratext by the translator/adapter form a dialogue with the main story and represent an effort to harness the story with a specific moral educational direction.


Moreana ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (Number 97) (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy F. Donnelly
Keyword(s):  

IJOHMN ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Abhishek Verma

In the modern age of globalization and modernization, people have become selfish and self-centered.  Feeling of sympathy and kindness towards poor people have almost bolted from the hearts of those who have richly available resources.  They leave needy people running behind their luxurious chauffer-driven cars.  Poor and marginalized people keep shouting for help for their dear ones but upper class people trying to show as if they did not hear any long distant sound crept into their eardrums.  This trauma, agony, pain and sufferings is explored in the novel, The Foreigner.


2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 788-832
Author(s):  
Lukas M. Muntingh

Egyptian domination under the 18th and 19th Dynasties deeply influenced political and social life in Syria and Palestine. The correspondence between Egypt and her vassals in Syria and Palestine in the Amarna age, first half of the fourteenth century B.C., preserved for us in the Amarna letters, written in cuneiform on clay tablets discovered in 1887, offer several terms that can shed light on the social structure during the Late Bronze Age. In the social stratification of Syria and Palestine under Egyptian rule according to the Amarna letters, three classes are discernible:1) government officials and military personnel, 2) free people, and 3) half-free people and slaves. In this study, I shall limit myself to the first, the upper class. This article deals with terminology for government officials.


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