Cognitive Therapy for Comorbid Depression

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199797004.013.009 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Mark A. Whisman ◽

Daniel BE

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Cognitive Therapy ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Clinical Guidelines ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Comorbid Depression ◽

Axis Ii ◽

Axis I

Depression often co-occurs with other Axis I and Axis II psychiatric disorders. This chapter presents a model for how cognitive therapy (CT) of depression can be adapted in conceptualizing and treating the complex set of issues and problems that often accompany comorbid depression. It begins with a discussion of the prevalence of comorbidity in community and clinical samples, then review the research on comorbidity and outcome to CT for depression, followed by a model for adapting or modifying CT for patients who present with depression and a comorbid Axis I or Axis II disorder. The chapter concludes with specific clinical guidelines for treating depression that co-occurs with anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, and personality disorders.

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Gaps in knowledge about personality disorders in homeless populations (commentary for article by Whitbeck, Armenta, and Welch-Lazoritz, “Borderline personality disorder and Axis I psychiatric and substance use disorders among women experiencing homelessness in three US cities”)

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology ◽

10.1007/s00127-015-1066-6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (8) ◽

pp. 1293-1295

Author(s):

Carol S. North

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Axis I ◽

Us Cities

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Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Sociodemographic Correlates of Psychiatric Disorders in the All Of Us Biobank

10.1101/2021.12.02.21266700 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Peter B. Barr ◽

Tim B. Bigdeli ◽

Jacquelyn M. Meyers

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Low Socioeconomic Status ◽

Large Scale ◽

Demographic Correlates ◽

Sociodemographic Correlates ◽

Demographic Covariates

ABSTRACTImportanceAll of Us is a landmark initiative for population-scale research into the etiology of psychiatric disorders and disparities across various sociodemographic categories.ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence, comorbidity, and demographic covariates of psychiatric and substance use disorders in the All of Us biobank.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsWe estimated prevalence, overlap, and demographic correlates for psychiatric disorders derived from electronic health records in the All of Us biobank (release 5; N = 331,380)ExposuresSocial and demographic covariates.Main Outcome and MeasuresPsychiatric disorders derived from ICD10CM codes and grouped into phecodes across six broad domains: mood disorders, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, stress-related disorders, schizophrenia, and personality disorders.ResultsThe prevalence of various disorders ranges from approximately 15% to less than 1%, with mood and anxiety disorders being the most common, followed by substance use disorders, stress-related disorders, schizophrenia, and personality disorders. There is substantial overlap among disorders, with a large portion of those with a disorder (~57%) having two or more registered diagnoses and tetrachoric correlations ranging from 0.43 – 0.74. The prevalence of disorders across demographic categories demonstrates that non-Hispanic whites, those of low socioeconomic status, women and those assigned female at birth, and sexual minorities are at greatest risk for most disorders.Conclusions and RelevanceAlthough the rates of disorders in All of Us are lower than rates for disorders in the general population, there is considerable variation, comorbidity, and differences across social groups. Large-scale resources like All of Us will prove to be invaluable for understanding the causes and consequences of psychiatric conditions. As we move towards an era of precision medicine, we must work to ensure it is delivered in an equitable manner.

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What is Comorbidity – Fact or Artefact?

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/s0007125000298358 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 168 (S30) ◽

pp. 7-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Hans-Ulrich Wittchen

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Mood Disorders ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Statistical Manual ◽

Axis Ii ◽

Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽

Icd 10

Comorbidity can be described broadly as the presence of more than one disorder in a person in a defined period of time (Wittchen & Essau, 1993). Stimulated by the introduction of explicit diagnostic criteria and operationalised diagnoses in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–III; APA, 1980) and the Diagnostic Criteria for Research in ICD–10 (WHO, 1991), numerous studies in the 1980s and early 1990s, have assessed the extent, the nature, and more recently, the implications of comorbidity for a better understanding of mental disorders. Most studies investigated the association of anxiety and mood disorders, but increasingly there are also studies looking into the association of mood disorders with other disorders (such as somatoform and substance use disorders (Wittchen et al, 1993, 1996)) as well as with somatic conditions (axis II) and personality disorders (axis III).

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Comorbidities in Patients with an At-risk Mental State and First Episode Psychosis

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.2142 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S198-S198 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

U. Heitz ◽

J. Cherbuin ◽

S. Menghini-Müller ◽

L. Egloff ◽

S. Ittig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Substance Use ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Mental State ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

First Episode ◽

Episode Psychosis ◽

Axis I ◽

At Risk Mental State

IntroductionNon-psychotic axis I diagnoses are highly prevalent in at-risk mental state (ARMS) and first episode psychosis (FEP) patients, the most common being affective and anxiety disorders. Few studies have examined differences between ARMS and FEP patients or gender effects regarding such diagnoses.ObjectiveTo examine current and lifetime comorbidities in ARMS and FEP patients. Furthermore, to examine gender differences, and differences between patients with (ARMS-T) and without later transition to psychosis (ARMS-NT).MethodsThis study was part of the Früherkennung von Psychosen (FePsy) study. Current and lifetime axis I comorbidities were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I).ResultsOne hundred and thirty-two ARMS and 98 FEP patients were included. Current comorbidities were present in 53.1% of FEP and 64.4% of ARMS patients, the most common being affective, anxiety and substance use disorders. Current affective disorders were significantly more common in ARMS than FEP. Lifetime comorbidities were diagnosed in 58.2% of FEP and 69.7% of ARMS patients, with significantly more affective and anxiety disorders in ARMS than FEP. Male FEP patients had more current and lifetime substance use disorders (across all substances) compared to female FEP. No differences emerged between ARMS-T and ARMS-NT.ConclusionsAs expected ARMS patients have many comorbidities, while clearly diagnosed FEP have less comorbidities. There were few gender differences in axis I comorbidities. Moreover, no differences between ARMS-T and NT emerged, suggesting that axis I comorbidities do not improve prediction of transition. Nevertheless, the high comorbidity prevalence is relevant for global functioning and clinical treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Test-Retest Reliability of a Self-Report Questionnaire for DSM-IV and ICD-10 Personality Disorders

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027//1015-5759.16.1.53 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 53-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hans Ottosson ◽

Martin Grann ◽

Gunnar Kullgren

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Clinical Sample ◽

Self Report ◽

Anxiety State ◽

Short Term ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Axis I ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Summary: Short-term stability or test-retest reliability of self-reported personality traits is likely to be biased if the respondent is affected by a depressive or anxiety state. However, in some studies, DSM-oriented self-reported instruments have proved to be reasonably stable in the short term, regardless of co-occurring depressive or anxiety disorders. In the present study, we examined the short-term test-retest reliability of a new self-report questionnaire for personality disorder diagnosis (DIP-Q) on a clinical sample of 30 individuals, having either a depressive, an anxiety, or no axis-I disorder. Test-retest scorings from subjects with depressive disorders were mostly unstable, with a significant change in fulfilled criteria between entry and retest for three out of ten personality disorders: borderline, avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Scorings from subjects with anxiety disorders were unstable only for cluster C and dependent personality disorder items. In the absence of co-morbid depressive or anxiety disorders, mean dimensional scores of DIP-Q showed no significant differences between entry and retest. Overall, the effect from state on trait scorings was moderate, and it is concluded that test-retest reliability for DIP-Q is acceptable.

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Unintentional alcohol and drug poisoning in association with substance use disorders and mood and anxiety disorders: results from the 2010 Nationwide Inpatient Sample

Injury Prevention ◽

10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040732 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 21-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Young-Hee Yoon ◽

Chiung M Chen ◽

Hsiao-Ye Yi

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Substance Use Disorders ◽

Nationwide Inpatient Sample ◽

Drug Poisoning ◽

Mood And Anxiety Disorders

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The dexamethasone suppression test and DSM-III-R diagnoses in suicide attempters

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2003.07.004 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 350-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Åsa Westrin ◽

Karin Frii ◽

Lil Träskman-Bendz

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorders ◽

Stressful Events ◽

Suicide Attempter ◽

Axis Ii ◽

Suppression Test ◽

Axis I ◽

Cortisol Levels ◽

Low Cortisol ◽

Hpa Axis Activity ◽

Dexamethasone Suppression

AbstractPrevious research on hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis-activity in suicide attempter research has shown conflicting outcomes. The design of the present study was to test the influence of personality disorders and concominant axis I diagnoses on the dexamethasone suppression diagnostic test by use of multiple regression analyses. The sample consisted of 184 patients with a recent suicide attempt and 42 healthy controls. As expected, the lowest pre- and postdexamethasone cortisol levels were found in patients with personality disorders axis II, cluster B as compared to the other patients. The results remained significant when analysed for covariance with DSM-III-R axis I diagnoses, age or sex. Whether these low cortisol levels are due to previous experience of extreme stressful events or long-lasting burden, or whether they may be a consequence of biogenetic or psychological predisposal of interest, remains to be elucidated. Axis I comorbidity needs to be further examined.

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Suicide Probability Among Tramadol Addicts

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcab102.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Saad Mohamed ◽

Nesreen Mohammed Mohsen ◽

Lobna AbuBakr Ismail ◽

Ayat Ullah Mazloum Mahmoud

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Outpatient Clinic ◽

Positive Family History ◽

Clinical Interview ◽

Addiction Severity Index ◽

University Hospital ◽

Antisocial Personality ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Axis I

Abstract Background The magnitude of the problem of substance use in Egypt has been growing lately. Substance use disorders have been associated with depression and suicide, as well as impulsivity and specific personality traits. Suicide is closely linked to the substances use. Therefore it is very important to confirm the factors that affect the possibility of suicide. Aim of the Work This study aimed at evaluating suicide risk and its correlation with each of personality disorders and severity of addiction in a sample of 72 tramadol addicts from outpatient clinic of Institute of psychaitry Ain Shams University hospitals. Patients and Methods This is a descriptive Cross sectional study conducted in outpatient clinic of Institute of psychaitry Ain Shams University hospital. The present study aimed at analyzing the demographic data of 72 tramadol addicts, over six months period from January 2018 to August 2019. The severity of the addiction problem among those patients was assessed using Addiction Severity Index (ASI), suicidal probability was assessed using suicide probability scale (SPS), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-VI Axis II (SCID-II) for assessing personality disorders and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I). Results The results showed that 32 (44.44%) of the patients had a risk of suicide probability. Also there was a statistically significant difference between risk of suicidal probability and personality disorders especially antisocial personality. It was found that the need for more power for work and pleasurable effects were the most risk factors for tramadol addiction. Conclusion Suicide probability was found to be (44.44%) among the studied tramadol addicts. The risk of suicide probability among them was found to be significant in each of the following: antisocial personality disorder, longer duration of addiction, being single and positive family history of addiction. Attention should be paid to include the assessment of suicidal risk as part of routine assessment of addicts.

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