A New Freeze-Drying Instrument Using t-Butyl Alcohol for Scanning Electron Microscopy

1989 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Scanning Electron

Preservation of Plant Cell Surfaces For Scanning Electron Microscopy

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 472-473
Author(s):  
Linda M. Sicko ◽  
Thomas E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Popular Method ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Scanning Electron

The use of critical point drying is rapidly becoming a popular method of preparing biological samples for scanning electron microscopy. The procedure is rapid, and produces consistent results with a variety of samples. The preservation of surface details is much greater than that of air drying, and the procedure is less complicated than that of freeze drying. This paper will present results comparing conventional air-drying of plant specimens to critical point drying, both of fixed and unfixed material. The preservation of delicate structures which are easily damaged in processing and the use of filter paper as a vehicle for drying will be discussed.

Scanning Electron Microscopy-cuticular Lesions on the Roundworm Ascaris Suum

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 114-115
Author(s):  
P. A. Madden ◽  
W. R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Silver Paint ◽  
To Come ◽  
Scanning Electron

The intestinal roundworm of swine is pinkish in color and about the diameter of a lead pencil. Adult worms, taken from parasitized swine, frequently were observed with macroscopic lesions on their cuticule. Those possessing such lesions were rinsed in distilled water, and cylindrical segments of the affected areas were removed. Some of the segments were fixed in buffered formalin before freeze-drying; others were freeze-dried immediately. Initially, specimens were quenched in liquid freon followed by immersion in liquid nitrogen. They were then placed in ampuoles in a freezer at −45C and sublimated by vacuum until dry. After the specimens appeared dry, the freezer was allowed to come to room temperature slowly while the vacuum was maintained. The dried specimens were attached to metal pegs with conductive silver paint and placed in a vacuum evaporator on a rotating tilting stage. They were then coated by evaporating an alloy of 20% palladium and 80% gold to a thickness of approximately 300 A°. The specimens were examined by secondary electron emmission in a scanning electron microscope.

Delicate Botanical Specimens Preserved for Scanning Electron Microscopy by Critical Point Drying

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
Arthur L. Cohen ◽  
Gerald E. Garner
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Animal Cell ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Scanning Electron

The surface forms and structures of animal cells have been strikingly preserved for scanning electron microscopy by freeze-drying and by critical point drying both by the method with CO2 used as the transitional fluid and the later procedure which uses a fluorocarbon (Freon 13) as a medium for the transition from the liquid to the gaseous environment. Freeze-drying is often prolonged (5-12 hours as compared with an hour or less by the critical point method) and in our experience with mold cultures on agar, the substrate shrivels and cracks and hyphal filaments are distorted.Despite, and possibly because of a flexible but inelastic cell wall, plant cells often show greater distortion than do animal cells after evaporative drying or replacement dehydration for mixrotechnical work. The animal cell membrane can contract more or less uniformly on drying - as shown by the numerous micrographs of well-preserved erythrocytes, while plant cell walls often crumple. The many scanning electron micrographs of partially collapsed pollen grains bear witness to this fact.

scholarly journals ENHANCEMENT OF LORNOXICAM SOLUBILITY BY INCLUSION COMPLEXATION WITH CYCLODEXTRIN: PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahira Fawzy El-menshawe ◽  
Essam Eissa ◽  
Adel A. Ali ◽  
Ahmed A. Abderhman
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Inclusion Complexation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Mixing ◽  
Solid Complexes ◽  
Scanning Electron

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Lornoxicam is a potent anti-inflammatory drug which has analgesic and antipyretic properties. It is water-insoluble powder. The inclusion complexes of lornoxicam (LOR) with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) were prepared and characterised in order to improve the solubility of the drug and enhance its bioavailability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Complexes were prepared by physical mixing and freeze-drying in three different drug/polymer ratios (1:1, 1:2 and 3:2). The solid complexes were characterised through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data showed that LOR may be complexed with cyclodextrin (CD) forming soluble complexes. The lyophilized 1:2 LOR/HPCD complex is the most soluble.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Solubility increases with lyophilization than with physical mixing and by the use of HPCD than βCD in complexation.</p>

A technique for preparing Beauveria spp. for scanning electron microscopy

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (15) ◽  
pp. 1700-1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Quattlebaum ◽  
G. R. Carner
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Scanning Electron

Vapor fixation for 96 h with 1% osmium tetroxide (OsO4) and 3–4 days air drying produced distortion-free specimens of Beauveria spp. for examination with the scanning electron microscope. A combination of 4 h OsO4 vapor fixation and freeze-drying also reduced disruption satisfactorily but specimens were not as well preserved as with the first method. Preparation methods that were ineffective in preventing collapse of hydrophilic structures were Cling Free® sprayed on specimens prior to examination, freeze-drying, critical-point drying (of unfixed material), and vapor fixation with glutaraldehyde.

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