Cell cultures vs. whole plants for measuring phytotoxicity III. Correlations between phytotoxicities in cell suspension cultures, calli and seedlings

1977 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Whole Plants

scholarly journals Oxidative burst and cell death induced by b-quercinin and zoospores of Phytophthora quercina in tobacco cell cultures

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 446-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Koehl ◽  
E.F. Elstner ◽  
W. Oßwald ◽  
I. Heiser
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Oxidative Burst ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Tobacco Cell ◽  
Tobacco Cell Suspension

Mode of action of β-quercinin, a novel elicitin on tobacco cell suspension cultures (cvs. Bel B and Bel W3) was investigated by measuring the oxidative burst and cell death in these cell cultures. β-quercinin induced an oxidative burst comparable to that excited by zoospores from P. quercina. Adding superoxidedismutase, catalase and diphenyleneiodonium to elicited cell cultures, it could be demonstrated, that the induction of cell death in tobacco cell cultures is not correlated to the oxidative burst.

Effects of Plant Bioregulators on the Production of Iridoid Derived Terpenoids in Valeriana wallichii and Fedia cornucopiae Cell Suspension Cultures

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfram Förster ◽  
Hans Becker
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Growth Cycle ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Optimal Activity ◽  
Plant Tissue Cultures

Abstract Four plant bioregulators were tested for their effects on production of valepotriates in Valeriana wallichii and Fedia cornucopiae cell suspension cultures. Concentrations of more than 10 ppm reduced valepotriate yield. At lower concentrations production was increased. For optimal activity, bioregulators had to be applied during early exponential growth, up to day 8 of the growth cycle. At equimolar concentrations dim ethylm orpholinium bromide (4 ppm) and dimethylpiperidinium chloride (3 ppm) significantly im proved total valepotriates in V. wallichii (up to 23%) and in F cornucupiae (up to 50% ) 2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy ) - triethylamine (6 ppm ) and 2-(3,5-diisopropylphenoxy)-triethylam ine (6.4 ppm) increased valepotriate production in both cell cultures up to 40%. With dimethylpiperidinium chloride and dimethylmorpholinium bromide the ratio of m onoene to diene valepotriates in both cell systems was significantly shifted to the m onoene com pounds. A general use of these bioregulators to increase production of terpenoid secondary m etabolites in plant tissue cultures is indicated.

scholarly journals Glutaric Acid as a Catabolite of Nicotinic Acid in Parsley Cell Suspension Cultures

1988 ◽  
Vol 43 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 843-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieter Komoßa ◽  
Wolfgang Barz
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Degradation Product ◽  
Glutaric Acid ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Carbon Skeleton ◽  
Intermediate Products ◽  
H Nmr

Abstract A degradation product of nicotinic acid representing the pyridine carbon skeleton was isolated and purified from parsley cell suspension cultures after incubation with [6-14C]nicotinic acid for 70 h. The catabolite was identified as glutaric acid by means of spectroscopic (GC-MS and 1H NMR) and chromatographic (TLC, HPLC) techniques. Glutaric acid when applied to parsley cell cultures was readily degraded to CO2 but intermediate products could not be identified.

scholarly journals Flavonoid Accumulation in Cell Suspension Cultures of Glycyrrhiza inflata Batal under Optimizing Conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yang ◽  
Feng He ◽  
Longjiang Yu ◽  
Jiaxing Ji ◽  
Yezhen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Inflata

Cell growth and flavonoid production in cell suspension cultures of Glycyrrhiza inflata Batal were investigated under various initial inoculum densities, and sucrose and nitrogen concentrations to develop an optimization method for an improved flavonoid production. Both biomass accumulation and flavonoid production exhibited an “S” curve in one culture cycle, with the greatest value obtained on day 21, which showed that cell growth and fl avonoid biosynthesis went along isochronously. Moreover, according to the biomass and flavonoid production, the appreciate inoculum density, and the sucrose and nitrogen concentrations were 50 g FW L-1, 50 g L-1 and 120 mmol L-1, respectively. In addition, cell growth and flavonoid production showed a peak of 16.4 g DW L-1 and 95.7 mg L-1 on day 21 under the optimizing conditions, respectively. The flavonoid productivity of the cells which were cultured for 3 years is higher than that of the 3-year-old plant, which suggested that flavonoid production by cell cultures of G. inflata is a potentially profitable method. Therefore, this work is considered to be helpful for efficient large-scale bioprocessing of cell cultures in bioreactors.

Lipoxygenase isoforms in elicitor-treated parsley cell suspension cultures

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Noehringer ◽  
D. Scheel ◽  
E. Blée
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Defence Response ◽  
Fungal Elicitor ◽  
De Novo Synthesis

Treatment of parsley cell cultures with a fungal elicitor triggered the induction of a lipoxygenase isoform which may be involved in the de novo synthesis of defence-response inducers, such as jasmonic acid or 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid.

scholarly journals CALLUS INDUCTION AND PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Cannabis sativa CELL SUSPENSION CULTURES

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Joko Raharjo ◽  
Ogbuadike Eucharia ◽  
Wen-Te Chang ◽  
Robert Verpoorte
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Chemical Difference ◽  
Major Chemical

Callus of Cannabis sativa has been successfully induced from C. sativa explants and seedings. It seems that flowers are the best explant for callus induction and induction under light also give better results than induction in dark. Four cell culture lines were established from flower induced callus. Phytochemical profiles of C. sativa suspension cell cultures were investigated using HPLC and 1H-NMR. Cannabinoids and phenolic compounds related to cannabinoids such as flavonoids could not be found in the cell suspension cultures and there is no major chemical difference between the cell lines though they can visually be distinguished by their colors. Only in one cell line some aromatic compounds in the water/methanol extract could be observed in the 1H-NMR. Further investigations showed that none of these compounds are flavonoids. It seems that lack of cannabinoids in the cell cultures is related to lack of polyketide synthase activity.   Keywords: Callus, Cannabis, phytochemical

Novel Glucoalkaloids from Rauwolfia Cell Cultures – Acetylrauglucine and Related Glucosides

1988 ◽  
Vol 43 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Michael Ruyter ◽  
Helmut Schübel ◽  
Joachim Stöckigt
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Production Medium ◽  
Rauwolfia Serpentina

From cell suspension cultures of Rauwolfia serpentina grown in an optimized production medium for the glucoalkaloid raucaffricine, a novel glucoalkaloid was isolated and identified as 17-O-acetyl-21-O-β-ᴅ-glucopyranosyl-ajmaline (acetylrauglucine). This alkaloid is formed in very small amounts (< 5 × 10-4%). The biogenetically related Nα-demethylated base (acetyl-nor-rauglucine) and the deacetyl product rauglucine have also been detected in culture extracts. In addition 21(.R)-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-hydroxy-sarpagan-17-al has been isolated and identified as an artifact which originates from raucaffricine.

Uptake and Conversion of Three Different 5-Ring Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Cell Suspension Cultures of Various Chenopodiaceae-Species

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Harms
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Suspension Cultures ◽  
Insoluble Residue ◽  
Specific Behaviour ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Uptake And Metabolism

Three l4C-labelled 5-ring PAHs, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene and perylene were added to various cell suspension cultures of plants belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family. The differently configurated 5-ring systems varied in uptake and metabolism. The uptake of benzo(a)pyrene was highest in all cell cultures tested whereas the assimilation of dibenz(a,h)an­thracene and perylene was significantly less. The uptake of benzo(a)pyrene and dibenz(a,h)- anthracene was highest in those cultures which showed the highest increase in biomass. In contrast the uptake of perylene was highest in cultures whose increase in biomass was less. Previous investigations (H. Harms, W. Dehnen and W. Monch, Z. Naturforsch. 32 c, 321 -326 (1977)) showed that benzo(a)pyrene is metabolized to quinones and other oxygenated derivatives by Chenopodium rubrum cell cultures. It was demonstrated now that in further reactions these compounds are incorporated into insoluble fractions. With increasing time of incubation the amount of radioactivity in the extracted residue increased. The proportion of oxygenated derivatives formed seems to be correlated with the incorporation of radioactivity into insoluble fractions. Dibenz(a,h)anthracene turned out to be the most stable 5-ring system whereas perylene is metabolized to a certain extent but only small amounts of radioactivity could be detected in the extracted insoluble residue. The experiments showed that plant cell cultures maintain their specific behaviour over long periods. On the other hand each of the chemical compounds, because of its molecular size and configuration, is subject to its own specific metabolism in plant systems.

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