scholarly journals Canada’s history of failing to provide medical care for Indigenous children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakhshan Kamran
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Current Status ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
History Of ◽  
Services And Supports

Abstract In December 2007, the House of Commons unanimously supported Jordan’s Principle, a commitment that all First Nations children would receive the health care products, social services, and supports, and education they need, in memory of Jordan River Anderson. However, the process of applying for Jordan’s Principle was convoluted and not transparent, leaving several cases not being responded to. The Canadian Human Rights Tribunal found the definition and implementation of Jordan’s Principle to be racist and discriminatory in 2016, ordering the Canadian government to make immediate changes. Failing to make changes to Jordan’s Principle, the Canadian government was found to be noncompliant with the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal orders in 2018. This article provides one case example of Jordan’s Principle that was not responded to, details on the current status of Jordan’s Principle, and information on the recent implementation of the Act respecting First Nations, Inuit and Métis children, youth and families.

scholarly journals Mental health and human rights: Challenges for health services and communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. e3488
Author(s):  
Rosana Onocko-Campos ◽  
Larry Davidson ◽  
Manuel Desviat
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Community Action ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Health And Human Rights ◽  
Health And Social Services

The care of people with mental health problems requires health system and service reforms to build up proper mental health care. The challenges of the present moment continue to be immense. The viral pandemic that we are experiencing has exposed the fragility of our health and social services and certified the inequality and precariousness of the living conditions of many people. The collection of articles published in the journal Salud Colectiva as part of the open call for papers “Mental health and human rights: challenges for health services and communities,” includes articles from Spain, Brazil, Mexico, and Chile. These papers present conceptual experiences and reflections on community action plans and programs, contributing toward better knowledge and development of mental health in the region.

Financing Health Care for Persons with HIV Infection: Guidelines for State Action

1990 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 223-247
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Social Services ◽  
State Government ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Full Range ◽  
State Action ◽  
History Of ◽  
Financing Health Care ◽  
State Financing

Financing health care for perons with HIV infection is an increasing burden on states and their taxpayers. The major problems of state policy in the 1990s are how to organize and finance both early detection of infection and preventive drug treatment for persons without symptoms and how to provide a full range of health and social services for infected persons whose life expectancy is unknown. This article first describes the shift in the perceptions of HIV infection from a plague to a chronic disease and the implications of this shift for state government. Then it places the history of financing for health care in the context of general health care financing policy during the past decade. Next it describes the history of state action to finance care for HIV infection, especially the use of of Medicaid Waivers, problems of state financing for expensive prescription drugs, and state initiatives, especially in California, Michigan, New Jersey and New York. Finally, the article presents seven policy questions that states should consider in deciding what, if any, legislation or regulations to enact in order to organize treatment and pay some or all of the costs of care for persons with HIV infection.

scholarly journals Labours of Love: Family, Human Rights, and Worker Invisibility in Seasonal Mexican Farm Worker Agricultural Migrations to Canada, 1974–Present

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Alisa Calnitsky
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Male Migrant ◽  
Mexican Migrant ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Seasonal Agricultural Workers ◽  
Labour Disputes

This article provides a focused review of the history of seasonal and “foreign” farm labour migration in Canada, and in particular the Canadian Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program (SAWP). It underscores how Mexican migrant workers in particular have been portrayed in Canadian narrative discourses, drawn primarily from political and journalistic sources in Canada in the postwar period.  Extended to Mexico in 1974, the SAWP has a longer history of managed agricultural migration in Canada that is also introduced. The article discusses leitmotifs linked to the history of temporary migration between Mexico and Canada: the fundamental place of family and gender relations; the trope of the male migrant as “breadwinner” (despite the later emergence of women migrants in the program); Mexican officials based in Canada and their role in mitigating labour disputes and unionization efforts among the seasonal migrant class in Canada; and the subjective, “subaltern” stories of migrant workers uncovered through an oral history case study carried out in British Columbia and Manitoba from 2012–2015. It introduces other thematic problems including exclusion/invisibility, human rights, patterns of remuneration, and “complementarity” in farm work, in a context of prior reliance upon the managed internal migration of First Nations’ harvest workers in both Ontario’s and Manitoba’s agricultural sectors.

Advancing Trans-Affirming Practice to Recognize, Account for, and Address the Unique Experiences and Needs of Transgender Sexual Assault Survivors

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110091
Author(s):  
Janice Du Mont ◽  
Joseph Friedman Burley ◽  
Robyn Hodgson ◽  
Sheila Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Collaborative Relationships ◽  
Sexual Assault Survivors ◽  
Acute Health Care ◽  
Psychosocial Difficulties ◽  
Services And Supports

Transgender (trans) persons are sexually assaulted at high rates and often encounter barriers to equitable services and supports. The receipt of timely and appropriate postassault care, provided increasingly by specialized forensic nurses around the world, is critical in ameliorating the harms that accompany sexual assault. In order to adequately respond to the acute health care needs of trans clients and attend to longer term psychosocial difficulties that some experience, forensic nurses not only require specialized training but must also cultivate collaborative relationships with trans-positive health and social services in their communities. To meet this need, we describe our strategy to advance trans-affirming practice in the sexual assault context. We outline the design and evaluation of a trans-affirming care curriculum for forensic nurses. We also discuss the planning, formation, and maturation of an intersectoral network through which to disseminate our curriculum, foster collaboration, and promote trans-affirming practice across health care and social services in Ontario, Canada. Our approach to advancing trans-affirming practice holds the potential to address systemic barriers experienced by trans survivors and transform the response to sexual assault across other sectors and jurisdictions.

scholarly journals HOW TELEMEDICINE HAS CHANGED SURGICAL PRACTICE IN COVID PANDEMIC

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar ◽  
Farhanul Huda ◽  
Somprakas Basu
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System ◽  
History Of

Background—The history of telemedicine parallels the history of communication and information technologies. With the advancement in information and communication technologies, telemedicine has also progressed. Still, it could not gain a respectable place in the healthcare delivery system due to lack of clear guidelines, lack of multidisciplinary approach to patient management, onerous privacy regulations, lack of reimbursement, lack of human touch in teleconsultations, and lack of integration with the national health system. There is a need to promote telemedicine services by looking into the current framework and bringing necessary changes to ease the delivery of services. Also, proper training of health care professionals about digital communication to improve patient outcome, and the introduction of telemedicine in medical education so that medical students do not suffer in the present scenario of COVID-19. Methods- We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and PubMed Central. We used free-text terms and MeSH terms such as telemedicine, telemedicine, and COVID 19 pandemic, telemedicine and medical education, telemedicine pitfalls. Data regarding the guidelines of telemedicine and waivers during the pandemic, the current status of telemedicine in the healthcare delivery system, and its promotion during the epidemic were extracted. Finally,43 articles were found suitable to be considered for writing this evidence-based review. Results—Telemedicine has proven to be an important tool to reduce the risk of transmission of COVID 19 without hampering patient care,medical education and research. With relaxation of existing guidelines in most of the countries and training of healthcare professionals to introduce digital empathy it can be closer to a usual patient-provider encounter. Conclusion—Telemedicine cannot replace regular face to face patient-provider encounters, but it can be helpful, especially during the times of pandemics as happening during current circumstances. It should be included in the health care delivery infrastructure with all guidelines and legality to help the existing system during normal conditions and take over in need of time.

scholarly journals Historique de l’évolution des modes de financement des services de santé au Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-163
Author(s):  
Neil E. Collishaw
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Financing ◽  
Health Care Insurance ◽  
Services De Santé ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Government Involvement

Abstract The history of Canadian government involvement in health care financing from the earliest colonial times to the present day is briefly reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the institution of major health care insurance programs and the underlying reasons for their implementation. The current financing arrangements, as dictated by the Established Programs Financing Act of 1977, are reviewed in some detail with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of these arrangements.

scholarly journals Forced or Coerced Sterilization in Canada: An Overview of Recommendations for Moving Forward

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Shawana ◽  
Chaneesa Ryan ◽  
Abrar Ali
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Standing Committee ◽  
Government Action ◽  
Aboriginal Women ◽  
Services And Supports

Between 2015 and 2019, over 100 Indigenous women from six provinces and two territories have come forward to say that they were forced or coerced to undergo a sterilization procedure in Canada. Despite this, government action is lacking. Through this paper, the research team aims to collect and synthesize the recommendations that have been made in response to the recent cases of forced or coerced sterilization of Indigenous women in Canada. Through a secondary analysis of data, we outline the findings of a thematic analysis of 162 recommendations from four selected sources: (a) Tubal Ligation in the Saskatoon Health Region: The Lived Experience of Aboriginal Women, an external review by Senator Yvonne Boyer and Dr. Judith Bartlett, July 22, 2017; (b) a meeting of the Senate Committee on Human Rights, April 3, 2019; (c) meetings of the House of Commons Standing Committee on Health, June 13 and 18, 2019; and (d) a letter from Bill Casey, Member of Parliament and Chair of the House of Commons Standing Committee on Health, to three federal ministers, August 2, 2019. Seven themes emerged following the thematic analysis of the 162 recommendations: (a) Services and Supports (b)Accountability, (c) Training and Education, (d) Legislation and Policy, (e) Criminalization, (f) Data Collection, and g) Investigation. These themes represent seven areas where immediate government action is required to meaningfully and appropriately respond to the recent cases of forced or coerced sterilization of First Nations, Inuit, and Metis women in Canada.

The Reach of Evidence-Based Psychological Interventions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kathryn McHugh ◽  
David H. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
History Of ◽  
Practice Gap

This chapter provides an overview of the movement toward evidence-based mental health care, including a description of the brief history of evidence-based psychological interventions (EBPIs) and the current status of the research-practice gap. As such, this chapter will serve as a backdrop for subsequent chapters highlighting state-of-the-art efforts to disseminate and implement EBPIs.

scholarly journals Development of the ITHACA Toolkit for monitoring human rights and general health care in psychiatric and social care institutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Randall ◽  
G. Thornicroft ◽  
L. Burti ◽  
H. Katschnig ◽  
O. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Services ◽  
General Health ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
Health Care Practice ◽  
Care Assessment

Background.Human rights violations are commonly experienced by people in psychiatric and social care institutions. States and private organizations providing such health and social services must comply with international human rights law. Monitoring of such compliance is increasingly recognized as a vital component in ensuring that rights are respected and violations are brought out in the open, remedied and prevented.Aims.The Institutional Treatment, Human Rights and Care Assessment (ITHACA) project produced a method to document violations and good practice with the aim of preventing human rights violations and improving general health care practice in psychiatric and social care institutions (www.ithacastudy.eu).Methods.A methodological and implementation study conducted across 15 European countries developed and assessed the ITHACA Toolkit in monitoring visits to 87 mental health organizations.Results.The toolkit is available in 13 European languages and has demonstrated applicability in a range of contexts and conditions. The information gathered through monitoring visits can document both good practice and areas for improvement.Conclusions.The ITHACA Toolkit is an acceptable and feasible method for the systematic monitoring of human rights and general health care in psychiatric and social care institutions that explicitly calls for the participation of service users in the monitoring of human rights violations and general health care practice.

scholarly journals Indigenous Environmental Justice and Sustainability: What Is Environmental Assimilation?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8382
Author(s):  
Stephen R. J. Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Child Welfare Agencies ◽  
Nations People ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Nations People ◽  
Welfare Agencies

Canada has a long history of assimilative efforts with respect to Indigenous peoples. Legal assimilation efforts occurred on two fronts: the voluntary and involuntary enfranchisement of First Nations people, and the dissolution of First Nations reserve lands. Cultural assimilation occurred through the residential school system, and the removal of Indigenous children from their homes by Canadian child welfare agencies in the “sixties scoop”. Another form of assimilation is through environmental assimilation. I define environmental assimilation as changes to the environment through development, to the extent whereby the environment can no longer support Indigenous cultural activities. Herein, I examine environmental assimilation in northern Ontario, Canada. The “taken-up” clause in Treaty No. 9, the “Exemption Orders” in the Far North Act, the “Except” stipulation in the Mining Amendment Act, and the unilateral streamlining of projects in the Green Energy Act and the COVID-19 Economic Recovery Act—these pieces of legislation pose threats to the environment and serve to facilitate the reality of contemporary environmental assimilation of First Nations.

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