scholarly journals Processing of facial expressions of same-race and other-race faces: distinct and shared neural underpinnings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuena Wang ◽  
Shihui Han
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Target Face ◽  
Affective Processing ◽  
Neuronal Responses ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Rapid Succession ◽  
Neural Activities ◽  
Repetition Suppression ◽  
Neural Underpinnings

Abstract People understand others’ emotions quickly from their facial expressions. However, facial expressions of ingroup and outgroup members may signal different social information and thus be mediated by distinct neural activities. We investigated whether there are distinct neuronal responses to fearful and happy expressions of same-race (SR) and other-race (OR) faces. We recorded electroencephalogram from Chinese adults when viewing an adaptor face (with fearful/neutral expressions in Experiment 1 but happy/neutral expressions in Experiment 2) and a target face (with fearful expressions in Experiment 1 but happy expressions in Experiment 2) presented in rapid succession. We found that both fearful and happy (vs neutral) adaptor faces increased the amplitude of a frontocentral positivity (P2). However, a fearful but not happy (vs neutral) adaptor face decreased the P2 amplitudes to target faces, and this repetition suppression (RS) effect occurred when adaptor and target faces were of the same race but not when of different races. RS was observed on two late parietal/central positive activities to fearful/happy target faces, which, however, occurred regardless of whether adaptor and target faces were of the same or different races. Our findings suggest that early affective processing of fearful expressions may engage distinct neural activities for SR and OR faces.

scholarly journals An fMRI Study of Neural Activities Associated With Affective Processing Under Long-Term Affective Film Triggering

2021 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. S206
Author(s):  
Shuyue Xu ◽  
Gan Huang ◽  
Linling Li ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Zhiguo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affective Processing ◽  
Neural Activities ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Simultaneous multi-area recordings suggest that attention improves performance by reshaping stimulus representations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Ruff ◽  
Marlene R. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Information ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Neuronal Responses ◽  
Visual Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Mechanisms ◽  
Oculomotor Neurons ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Neural Underpinnings ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractVisual attention dramatically improves subjects’ ability to see and also modulates the responses of neurons in every known visual and oculomotor area, but whether those modulations can account for perceptual improvements remains unclear. We measured the relationship between populations of visual neurons, oculomotor neurons, and behavior during detection and discrimination tasks. We found that neither of the two prominent hypothesized neuronal mechanisms underlying attention (which concern changes in information coding and the way sensory information is read out) provide a satisfying account of the observed behavioral improvements. Instead, our results are more consistent with the novel hypothesis that attention reshapes the representation of attended stimuli to more effectively influence behavior. Our results suggest a path toward understanding the neural underpinnings of perception and cognition in health and disease by analyzing neuronal responses in ways that are constrained by behavior and interactions between brain areas.

Neural activities during affective processing in people with Alzheimer's disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 706-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatia M.C. Lee ◽  
Delin Sun ◽  
Mei-Kei Leung ◽  
Leung-Wing Chu ◽  
Christian Keysers
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Affective Processing ◽  
Neural Activities

scholarly journals Emotion processing in joint hypermobility: A potential link to the neural bases of anxiety and related somatic symptoms in collagen anomalies

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mallorquí-Bagué ◽  
A. Bulbena ◽  
N. Roé-Vellvé ◽  
E. Hoekzema ◽  
S. Carmona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Joint Hypermobility ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Affective Processing ◽  
Joint Hypermobility Syndrome ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
Neural Underpinnings

AbstractBackground:Joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS) has repeatedly been associated with anxiety and anxiety disorders, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome and temporomandibular joint disorder. However, the neural underpinnings of these associations still remain unclear. This study explored brain responses to facial visual stimuli with emotional cues using fMRI techniques in general population with different ranges of hypermobility.Methods:Fifty-one non-clinical volunteers (33 women) completed state and trait anxiety questionnaire measures, were assessed with a clinical examination for hypermobility (Beighton system) and performed an emotional face processing paradigm during functional neuroimaging.Results:Trait anxiety scores did significantly correlate with both state anxiety and hypermobility scores. BOLD signals of the hippocampus did positively correlate with hypermobility scores for the crying faces versus neutral faces contrast in ROI analyses. No results were found for any of the other studied ROIs. Additionally, hypermobility scores were also associated with other key affective processing areas (i.e. the middle and anterior cingulate gyrus, fusiform gyrus, parahippocampal region, orbitofrontal cortex and cerebellum) in the whole brain analysis.Conclusions:Hypermobility scores are associated with trait anxiety and higher brain responses to emotional faces in emotion processing brain areas (including hippocampus) described to be linked to anxiety and somatic symptoms. These findings increase our understanding of emotion processing in people bearing this heritable variant of collagen and the mechanisms through which vulnerability to anxiety and somatic symptoms arises in this population.

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