scholarly journals Personality modulates the effects of emotional arousal and valence on brain activation

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 858-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G. Kehoe ◽  
John M. Toomey ◽  
Joshua H. Balsters ◽  
Arun L. W. Bokde
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activation ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Arousal And Valence

scholarly journals Longitudinal changes in brain activation during anticipation of monetary loss in bipolar disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (16) ◽  
pp. 2781-2788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Manelis ◽  
Richelle Stiffler ◽  
Jeanette C. Lockovich ◽  
Jorge R. C. Almeida ◽  
Haris A. Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cue Processing

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with bipolar disorder (BD) show aberrant brain activation patterns during reward and loss anticipation. We examined for the first time longitudinal changes in brain activation during win and loss anticipation to identify trait markers of aberrant anticipatory processing in BD.MethodsThirty-four euthymic and depressed individuals with BD-I and 17 healthy controls (HC) were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging twice 6 months apart during a reward task.ResultsHC, but not individuals with BD, showed longitudinal reductions in the right lateral occipital cortex (RLOC) activation during processing of cues predicting possible money loss (p-corrected <0.05). This result was not affected by psychotropic medication, mood state or the changes in depression/mania severity between the two scans in BD. Elevated symptoms of subthreshold hypo/mania at baseline predicted more aberrant longitudinal patterns of RLOC activation explaining 12.5% of variance in individuals with BD.ConclusionsIncreased activation in occipital cortex during negative outcome anticipation may be related to elevated negative emotional arousal during anticipatory cue processing. One interpretation is that, unlike HC, individuals with BD were not able to learn at baseline that monetary losses were smaller than monetary gains and were not able to reduce emotional arousal for negative cues 6 months later. Future research in BD should examine how modulating occipital cortical activation affects learning from experience in individuals with BD.

scholarly journals A machine learning approach to predict emotional arousal and valence from gaze extracted features

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios Skaramagkas ◽  
Emmanouil Ktistakis ◽  
Dimitris Manousos ◽  
Nikolaos S. Tachos ◽  
Eleni Kazantzaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Arousal And Valence

scholarly journals Differences in neural activity when processing emotional arousal and valence in autism spectrum disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Tseng ◽  
Zhishun Wang ◽  
Yuankai Huo ◽  
Suzanne Goh ◽  
James A. Russell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Neural Activity ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Arousal And Valence

scholarly journals Opioidergic Regulation of Emotional Arousal: A Combined PET–fMRI Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 4006-4016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomi Karjalainen ◽  
Kerttu Seppälä ◽  
Enrico Glerean ◽  
Henry K Karlsson ◽  
Juha M Lahnakoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Μ Opioid Receptor ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Arousal And Valence

Abstract Emotions can be characterized by dimensions of arousal and valence (pleasantness). While the functional brain bases of emotional arousal and valence have been actively investigated, the neuromolecular underpinnings remain poorly understood. We tested whether the opioid and dopamine systems involved in reward and motivational processes would be associated with emotional arousal and valence. We used in vivo positron emission tomography to quantify μ-opioid receptor and type 2 dopamine receptor (MOR and D2R, respectively) availability in brains of 35 healthy adult females. During subsequent functional magnetic resonance imaging carried out to monitor hemodynamic activity, the subjects viewed movie scenes of varying emotional content. Arousal and valence were associated with hemodynamic activity in brain regions involved in emotional processing, including amygdala, thalamus, and superior temporal sulcus. Cerebral MOR availability correlated negatively with the hemodynamic responses to arousing scenes in amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus, whereas no positive correlations were observed in any brain region. D2R availability—here reliably quantified only in striatum—was not associated with either arousal or valence. These results suggest that emotional arousal is regulated by the MOR system, and that cerebral MOR availability influences brain activity elicited by arousing stimuli.

scholarly journals How emotional arousal and valence influence access to awareness

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 2415-2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavin R. Sheth ◽  
Thuan Pham
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Arousal And Valence

scholarly journals Erratum: Segregation of information about emotional arousal and valence in horse whinnies

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie F. Briefer ◽  
Anne-Laure Maigrot ◽  
Roi Mandel ◽  
Sabrina Briefer Freymond ◽  
Iris Bachmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Arousal And Valence

scholarly journals Segregation of information about emotional arousal and valence in horse whinnies

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie F. Briefer ◽  
Anne-Laure Maigrot ◽  
Roi Mandel ◽  
Sabrina Briefer Freymond ◽  
Iris Bachmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Fundamental Frequencies ◽  
Species Comparisons ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
Independent Parameters ◽  
Arousal And Valence

Abstract Studying vocal correlates of emotions is important to provide a better understanding of the evolution of emotion expression through cross-species comparisons. Emotions are composed of two main dimensions: emotional arousal (calm versus excited) and valence (negative versus positive). These two dimensions could be encoded in different vocal parameters (segregation of information) or in the same parameters, inducing a trade-off between cues indicating emotional arousal and valence. We investigated these two hypotheses in horses. We placed horses in five situations eliciting several arousal levels and positive as well as negative valence. Physiological and behavioral measures collected during the tests suggested the presence of different underlying emotions. First, using detailed vocal analyses, we discovered that all whinnies contained two fundamental frequencies (“F0” and “G0”), which were not harmonically related, suggesting biphonation. Second, we found that F0 and the energy spectrum encoded arousal, while G0 and whinny duration encoded valence. Our results show that cues to emotional arousal and valence are segregated in different, relatively independent parameters of horse whinnies. Most of the emotion-related changes to vocalizations that we observed are similar to those observed in humans and other species, suggesting that vocal expression of emotions has been conserved throughout evolution.

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