P163 Slow wave transcranial electrical stimulation during wake to investigate the consolidation of new learning

Abstract Introduction Slow, oscillatory, transcranial electrical stimulation (so-tES) applies a current over the scalp that oscillates in intensity at a frequency associated with slow wave sleep (SWS; 0.75Hz). When applied during SWS, so-tES can enhance SWS EEG power compared to sham stimulation, as well as overnight declarative memory consolidation. When applied during wake, so-tES can enhance local EEG power in the slow wave frequency range (0.5–4.5Hz) compared to sham. Therefore, this study will investigate whether so-tES can enhance the early consolidation of new learning compared to sham, when applied during wake. A preliminary analysis of data will be presented. Methods Healthy, young, right-handed adults (18–35 years) practiced a motor sequence learning task for 30 minutes, before receiving 15 minutes of active or sham so-tES (0.75Hz) during quiet wakefulness. Task performance was assessed by recording the total number of correct sequences performed in 30 seconds before practice, after practice, and after stimulation. Performance improvements will be compared between stimulation conditions. Non-invasive, electrophysiological corticospinal excitability measurements (i.e., motor-evoked potentials) were also recorded at six timepoints throughout each session, to investigate whether active so-tES can modulate corticospinal excitability differently to sham. Progress to date Data collection is ongoing, and completion is expected by late 2021. Intended outcome and impact We expect so-tES to enhance early skill consolidation during wake, and that enhanced consolidation will be associated with less variable measurements of corticospinal excitability, when compared with sham stimulation.

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Feasibility of home-based automated transcranial electrical stimulation during slow wave sleep

Brain Stimulation ◽

10.1016/j.brs.2019.02.014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 813-815 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brice V. McConnell ◽

Rini I. Kaplan ◽

Peter D. Teale ◽

Eugene Kronberg ◽

Josiane L. Broussard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Slow Wave ◽

Slow Wave Sleep ◽

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽

Home Based

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Sham transcranial electrical stimulation and its effects on corticospinal excitability: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Reviews in the Neurosciences ◽

10.1515/revneuro-2017-0026 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 223-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Thusharika D. Dissanayaka ◽

Maryam Zoghi ◽

Michael Farrell ◽

Gary F. Egan ◽

Shapour Jaberzadeh

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Noise ◽

Corticospinal Excitability ◽

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽

Placebo Effects ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation ◽

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation

AbstractSham stimulation is used in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy of active stimulation and placebo effects. It should mimic the characteristics of active stimulation to achieve blinding integrity. The present study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature to identify the effects of sham transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) – including anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS, c-tDCS), transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) and transcranial pulsed current stimulation (tPCS) – on corticospinal excitability (CSE), compared to baseline in healthy individuals. Electronic databases – PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Science Direct and MEDLINE (Ovid) – were searched for RCTs of tES from 1990 to March 2017. Thirty RCTs were identified. Using a random-effects model, meta-analysis of a-tDCS, c-tDCS, tACS, tRNS and tPCS studies showed statistically non-significant pre-post effects of sham interventions on CSE. This review found evidence for statically non-significant effects of sham tES on CSE.

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Transcranial electrical stimulation through screw electrodes for intraoperative monitoring of motor evoked potentials

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.2004.100.1.0155 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 155-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Katsushige Watanabe ◽

Takashi Watanabe ◽

Akio Takahashi ◽

Nobuhito Saito ◽

Masafumi Hirato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Motor Cortex ◽

Evoked Potentials ◽

Intraoperative Monitoring ◽

Primary Motor Cortex ◽

Motor Evoked Potentials ◽

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽

Content Type ◽

Motor Pathways ◽

Fine Print

✓ The feasibility of high-frequency transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) through screw electrodes placed in the skull was investigated for use in intraoperative monitoring of the motor pathways in patients who are in a state of general anesthesia during cerebral and spinal operations. Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were elicited by TES with a train of five square-wave pulses (duration 400 µsec, intensity ≤ 200 mA, frequency 500 Hz) delivered through metal screw electrodes placed in the outer table of the skull over the primary motor cortex in 42 patients. Myogenic MEPs to anodal stimulation were recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles. The mean threshold stimulation intensity was 48 ± 17 mA for the APB muscles, and 112 ± 35 mA for the TA muscles. The electrodes were firmly fixed at the site and were not dislodged by surgical manipulation throughout the operation. No adverse reactions attributable to the TES were observed. Passing current through the screw electrodes stimulates the motor cortex more effectively than conventional methods of TES. The method is safe and inexpensive, and it is convenient for intraoperative monitoring of motor pathways.

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Comparison of motor-evoked potentials monitoring in response to transcranial electrical stimulation in subjects undergoing neurosurgery with partial vs no neuromuscular block

Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care ◽

10.4103/2348-0548.124864 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 01 (01) ◽

pp. 077-078

Author(s):

Nitasha Mishra

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Evoked Potentials ◽

Motor Evoked Potentials ◽

Neuromuscular Block ◽

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation

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Modulation of auditory gamma-band responses using transcranial electrical stimulation

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00003.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 123 (6) ◽

pp. 2504-2514

Author(s):

Kevin T. Jones ◽

Elizabeth L. Johnson ◽

Zoe S. Tauxe ◽

Donald C. Rojas

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Direct Current ◽

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation ◽

Alternating Current ◽

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽

Gamma Phase ◽

Sham Stimulation ◽

Gamma Frequency ◽

Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation

Gamma frequency-tuned transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) adjusts the magnitude and timing of auditory gamma responses, as compared with both sham stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). However, both tACS and tDCS strengthen the gamma phase connectome, which is disrupted in numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. These findings reveal dissociable neurophysiological changes following two noninvasive neurostimulation techniques commonly applied in clinical and research settings.

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Variability of Motor-Evoked Potentials Recorded During Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia from the Tibialis Anterior Muscle After Transcranial Electrical Stimulation

Anesthesia & Analgesia ◽

10.1213/00000539-199604000-00012 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 744-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ian J. Woodforth ◽

Richard G. Hicks ◽

Matthew R. Crawford ◽

John P. Stephen ◽

David J. Burke

Keyword(s):

Nitrous Oxide ◽

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Evoked Potentials ◽

Tibialis Anterior ◽

Motor Evoked Potentials ◽

Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽

Oxide Anesthesia

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Transcranial electrical stimulation and intraoperative neurophysiology of the corticospinal tract

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0008 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Vedran Deletis ◽

Francesco Sala ◽

Sedat Ulkatan

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Corticospinal Tract ◽

Motor Evoked Potentials ◽

Transcranial Electrical Stimulation ◽

Irreversible Damage ◽

Two Factors ◽

Brain And Spinal Cord ◽

The Brain ◽

Wave Collision

Transcranial electrical stimulation is a well-recognized method for corticospinal tract (CT) activation. This article explains the use of TES during surgery and highlights the physiology of the motor-evoked potentials (MEPs). It describes the techniques and methods for brain stimulation and recording of responses. There are two factors that determine the depth of the current penetrating the brain, they are: choice of electrode montage for stimulation over the scalp and the intensity of stimulation. D-wave collision technique is a newly developed technique that allows mapping intraoperatively and finding the anatomical position of the CT within the surgically exposed spinal cord. Different mechanisms may be involved in the pathophysiology of postoperative paresis in brain and spinal cord surgeries so that different MEP monitoring criteria can be used to avoid irreversible damage and accurately predict the prognosis.

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