scholarly journals Dependence of tree ring stable isotope abundances and ring width on climate in Finnish oak

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 636-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hilasvuori ◽  
F. Berninger
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width

High frequency stable isotope signals as proxy for physiological responses to climate - Dual isotope approach at a European scale

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Vitali ◽  
Rosemarie Weigt ◽  
Stefan Klesse ◽  
Kerstin Treydte ◽  
Rolf Siegwolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Dual Isotope

<p>Picea abies and Fagus sylvatica, are two of the most important tree species in Europe, and their responses to climate are being extensively investigated, especially at the limits of their distribution. However, their physiology at temperate sites is not yet fully understood. In a European tree-ring network, 10 sites along a climate gradient were sampled throughout Central Europe, and tree-ring width and stable isotope chronologies (C and O) were measured. The year-to-year variability of the isotopes time series for the last 100 years was analyzed in relation to tree-ring growth, spatial distribution, and seasonal climate.</p><p>Climate sensitivity of radial growth of both species was rather variable and site-dependent, and was strongest at the driest sites. On the contrary, variability in the isotopic ratios consistently responded to summer climate, particularly to vapor pressure deficit. The high δ<sup>18</sup>O coherence of the short-term variability between sites and species highlights the strength of the environmental signal in the O chronology also across long distances. On the contrary, δ<sup>13</sup>C shows lower correlations between sites and species, showing a stronger site-dependency, and a lower intra-annual variability. The generally positive correlation between the year-to-year differences in δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>18</sup>O across most sites demonstrates the strong role of stomatal conductance in controlling leaf gas exchange for these species. However, in the last decades, sites showed a dissimilar shift in the isotopes relationships, with the warmer sites showing an increase of either or both δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>18</sup>O and consequent decrease of photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance, highlighting their dependency to atmospheric moisture demand and soil water availability.</p><p>Understanding the underlying physiological mechanisms controlling the short-term variation in tree-ring records will help with defining the performance of these ecologically and economically important tree species under future climate conditions.</p>

scholarly journals High-resolution <sup>14</sup>C bomb peak dating and climate response analyses of subseasonal stable isotope signals in wood of the African baobab – a case study from Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 3539-3564
Author(s):  
Franziska Slotta ◽  
Lukas Wacker ◽  
Frank Riedel ◽  
Karl-Uwe Heußner ◽  
Kai Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Secondary Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Tree Ring Cellulose

Abstract. The African baobab, Adansonia digitata L., has great paleoclimatological potential because of its wide distributional range and millennial length life span. However, dendroclimatological approaches are hampered by dating uncertainties due to its unique, parenchyma-dominated stem anatomy. Here, securely dated time series of annual wood increment growth and intra-ring stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen of cellulose for a baobab tree from Oman covering 1941 to 2005 were established and tested for relationships to hydroclimate variability. Precise dating with the atomic bomb peak (ABP) using highly resolved 14C measurements confirmed the annual character of the baobab's growth rings. F14C values of tree-ring cellulose were found up to 8.8 % lower than in the corresponding atmospheric CO2 for the period around the ABP, which in conjunction with a considerable autocorrelation of the δ13C series points to the incorporation of previous year's carbon contributing to the average age of intra-ring wood samples. F14C of terminal parenchyma bands, marking the tree-ring boundaries, were found to be considerably younger than their corresponding tree ring, indicating that parenchyma tissue is alive for many years, probably undergoing cell division and structural reorganization and contributing to secondary growth. In contrast to the δ13C time series, no significant autocorrelation was found in the δ18O series of tree-ring cellulose despite the enormous water storage potential of this stem-succulent tree species. Year-to-year variability in tree-ring width and stable isotope ratios revealed radial stem growth and the geochemistry of wood cellulose are influenced by fluctuations in the hydroclimate. In particular, δ18O was found to be a good climate proxy, followed by tree-ring width and δ13C. Tree-ring width and intra-ring δ18Omin correlated well with each other and with precipitation amount for the period from pre-monsoon May to the end of the monsoon season in September/October. Intra-annual stable isotope courses were found to be rather similar for both δ13C and δ18O. Years with particularly low monsoon rain were reflected by increased stable isotope values in the mid-section of intra-annual courses. Distinct patterns with low subseasonal isotope values seem indicative for years with heavy rainfall events from pre-monsoonal cyclones. Rain events from post-monsoonal cyclones may also be recorded; however, only 2 years of observation prevented a more conclusive evaluation.

Compression wood has a minor effect on the climate signal in tree-ring stable isotope records of montane Norway spruce

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1014-1028
Author(s):  
Karolina Janecka ◽  
Ryszard J Kaczka ◽  
Holger Gärtner ◽  
Jill E Harvey ◽  
Kerstin Treydte
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Compression Wood ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
Tree Ring Cellulose ◽  
Δ13c And Δ18o

Abstract Compression wood (CW) is a common tissue present in the trunk, branches and roots of mechanically stressed coniferous trees. Its main role is to increase the mechanical strength and regain the vertical orientation of a leaning stem. Compression wood is thought to influence the climate signal in different tree-ring measures. Hence trees containing CW are mostly excluded from tree-ring studies reconstructing past climate variability. There is a large gap of systematic work testing the potential effect of CW on the strength of the climate signal in different tree-ring parameters, especially stable isotope records. Here we test for the first time the effect of CW contained in montane Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) on both δ13C and δ18O tree-ring cellulose records by analyzing compression and opposite wood radii from several disturbed trees together with samples from undisturbed reference trees. We selected four trees tilted by geomorphic processes that were felled by wind and four undisturbed reference trees in the Tatra Mountains, Poland. We qualitatively classified the strength of CW using wood cell anatomical characteristics (tracheid shape, cell wall thickness and presence of intercellular spaces). Then we developed tree-ring width and δ13C and δ18O chronologies from the CW radii, from the opposite radii of the tilted trees and from the reference radii. We tested the effect of CW on tree-ring cellulose δ13C and δ18O variability and on the climate signal strength. We found only minor differences in the means of δ13C and δ18O of compression (δ13C: −22.81‰, δ18O: 28.29‰), opposite (δ13C: −23.02‰; δ18O: 28.05‰) and reference (δ13C: −22.78‰; δ18O: 27.61‰) radii. The statistical relationships between climate variables, δ13C and δ18O, remained consistent among all chronologies. Our findings suggest that moderately tilted trees containing CW can be used to reconstruct past geomorphic activity and for stable isotope-based dendroclimatology.

Compression wood has a minor effect on the climate signal in tree-ring stable isotopes of montane Norway spruce

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Janecka ◽  
Ryszard Kaczka ◽  
Holger Gärtner ◽  
Jill E. Harvey ◽  
Kerstin Treydte
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Compression Wood ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Vertical Orientation ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
Tree Ring Cellulose

&lt;p&gt;Compression wood is a common tissue present in the trunk, branches and roots of mechanically stressed coniferous trees. Its main role is to increase the mechanical strength and regain the vertical orientation of a leaning stem. Compression wood is thought to influence the climate signal in different tree-ring measures. Hence trees containing compression wood are mostly excluded from tree-ring studies reconstructing past climate variability. There is a large gap of systematic work testing the potential effect of compression wood on the strength of the climate signal in different tree-ring parameters, and especially stable isotope records.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here we test for the first time the effect of compression wood contained in montane Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst) on both &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C and &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O tree-ring cellulose records by analyzing compression and opposite wood radii from several disturbed trees together with samples from undisturbed reference trees. We selected four trees tilted by geomorphic processes that were felled by wind, and four undisturbed reference trees in the Tatra Mountains, Poland. We qualitatively classified the strength of compression wood using wood cell anatomical characteristics (tracheid shape, cell wall thickness and presence of intercellular spaces). Then we developed tree-ring width, &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C and &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O chronologies from the compression wood radii and the opposite radii of the tilted trees, and from the radii of the reference trees. We tested the effect of compression wood on tree-ring cellulose &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C and &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O variability and on the climate signal strength. Only minor differences were found in the means of &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C and &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O compression, opposite and reference radii. The statistical relationships between climate variables, &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C and &amp;#948;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;O remained consistent among all chronologies. Our findings suggest that moderately tilted trees containing compression wood can be used to both reconstruct past geomorphic activity, and stable-isotope based dendroclimatological research.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals High resolution <sup>14</sup>C bomb-peak dating and climate response analyses of subseasonal stable isotope signals in wood of the African baobab – A case study from Oman

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Slotta ◽  
Lukas Wacker ◽  
Frank Riedel ◽  
Karl-Uwe Heußner ◽  
Kai Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Rain Events ◽  
Tree Ring Cellulose

Abstract. The African baobab, Adansonia digitata, has great paleoclimatological potential because of its wide distributional range and millennial lifespan. However, dendroclimatological approaches are hampered by dating uncertainties due to its parenchyma-dominated wood anatomy. Here, securely-dated time series of annual wood increment growth and intra-ring stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen of cellulose for a baobab tree from Oman covering 1941 to 2005 were established. Precise dating with the bomb peak by highly resolved 14C measurements proved the annual character of the baobab's growth rings. But, F14C values of tree-ring cellulose were found up to 8.8 % lower than in the corresponding atmospheric CO2 for the period around the bomb peak. In conjunction with a considerable autocorrelation of the δ13C series this points to the incorporation of previous years' carbon significantly affecting the average age of derived wood. Terminal parenchyma bands, marking the tree-ring boundaries, were found to be significantly younger than their corresponding tree ring indicating that parenchyma tissue is alive for many years undergoing cell division, reorganization and potential growth. No autocorrelation was found in the δ18O series of tree-ring cellulose despite the huge water-storage potential of this stem-succulent tree species. Tree-ring width and stable isotope ratios have revealed significant climate sensitivity. δ18O was found to be a good climate proxy followed by tree-ring width and δ13C. Tree-ring width and intra-ring δ18Omin correlated well with each other and with precipitation amount for the period from pre-monsoon May to the end of the monsoon season in September/October. Intra-annual stable isotope courses were found rather similar for both δ13C and δ18O. Years with particularly low monsoon rain were reflected by increased stable isotope values in the mid-section of intra-annual courses. Distinct patterns with low subseasonal isotope values seem indicative for years with heavy rainfall events from pre-monsoonal cyclones. Rain events from post-monsoonal cyclones may also be recorded, however, only two years of observation prevent from a conclusive evaluation.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Tree-Ring Growths of Pinus densiflora and Climate from Three Mountains in Central Region, the Republic of Korea

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Chang-Hyun Park ◽  
Ui-Cheon Lee ◽  
Soo-Chul Kim ◽  
Kwang-Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Pinus Densiflora ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Logarithmic Curve ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship

To analyze the relationship between climatic factors (monthly mean temperature and total precipitation) and tree-ring growths of Pinus densiflora from the central region of the Republic of Korea, more than 20 trees were sampled from three national parks. The tree-ring chronology of Mt. Bukhan covering the period of 1917–2016 was assessed, as well as that of Mt. Seorak across 1687–2017 and Mt. Worak across 1777–2017. After cross-dating, each ring-width series was double-standardized by first fitting a logarithmic curve and then a 50 year cubic spline. Climate-growth relationships were computed with bootstrap correlation functions. The result of the analysis showed a positive response from the current March temperature and May precipitations for tree-ring growth of Pinus densiflora. It indicates that a higher temperature supply during early spring season and precipitation during cambium activity are important for radial growths of Pinus densiflora from the central region in the Republic of Korea.

Climate control of cambial dynamics and tree-ring width in two tropical pines in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 108394
Author(s):  
Nathsuda Pumijumnong ◽  
Piyarat Songtrirat ◽  
Supaporn Buajan ◽  
Sineenart Preechamart ◽  
Uthai Chareonwong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Climate Control

scholarly journals The European Heat Wave 2018: The Dendroecological Response of Oak and Spruce in Western Germany

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 283
Author(s):  
Burkhard Neuwirth ◽  
Inken Rabbel ◽  
Jörg Bendix ◽  
Heye R. Bogena ◽  
Boris Thies
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Sap Flow ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Climatic Parameters ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Heat Response ◽  
Western Germany

The European heat wave of 2018 was characterized by extraordinarily dry and hot spring and summer conditions in many central and northern European countries. The average temperatures from June to August 2018 were the second highest since 1881. Accordingly, many plants, especially trees, were pushed to their physiological limits. However, while the drought and heat response of field crops and younger trees have been well investigated in laboratory experiments, little is known regarding the drought and heat response of mature forest trees. In this study, we compared the response of a coniferous and a deciduous tree species, located in western and central–western Germany, to the extreme environmental conditions during the European heat wave of 2018. Combining classic dendroecological techniques (tree–ring analysis) with measurements of the intra–annual stem expansion (dendrometers) and tree water uptake (sap flow sensors), we found contrasting responses of spruce and oak trees. While spruce trees developed a narrow tree ring in 2018 combined with decreasing correlations of daily sap flow and dendrometer parameters to the climatic parameters, oak trees developed a ring with above–average tree–ring width combined with increasing correlations between the daily climatic parameters and the parameters derived from sap flow and the dendrometer sensors. In conclusion, spruce trees reacted to the 2018 heat wave with the early completion of their growth activities, whereas oaks appeared to intensify their activities based on the water content in their tree stems.

scholarly journals Prospects of Using Tree-Ring Earlywood and Latewood Width for Reconstruction of Crops Yield on Example of South Siberia

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Elena A. Babushkina ◽  
Dina F. Zhirnova ◽  
Liliana V. Belokopytova ◽  
Nivedita Mehrotra ◽  
Santosh K. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Yield Variation ◽  
South Siberia ◽  
Crops Yield ◽  
Reconstruction Model

Improvement of dendrochronological crops yield reconstruction by separate application of earlywood and latewood width chronologies succeeded in rain-fed semiarid region. (1) Background: Tree-ring width chronologies have been successfully applied for crops yield reconstruction models. We propose application of separated earlywood and latewood width chronologies as possible predictors improving the fitness of reconstruction models. (2) Methods: The generalized yield series of main crops (spring wheat, spring barley, oats) were investigated in rain-fed and irrigated areas in semiarid steppes of South Siberia. Chronologies of earlywood, latewood, and total ring width of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) growing in forest-steppe in the middle of the study area were tested as predictors of yield reconstruction models. (3) Results: In the rain-fed territory, separation of earlywood and latewood allowed increasing variation of yield explained by reconstruction model from 17.4 to 20.5%, whereas total climatic-driven component of variation was 41.5%. However, both tree-ring based models explained only 7.7% of yield variation in the irrigated territory (climate inclusion increased it to 34.8%). Low temperature sensitivity of larch growth was the main limitation of the model. A 240-year (1780–2019) history of crop failures and yield variation dynamics were estimated from the actual data and the best reconstruction model. (4) Conclusions: Presently in the study region, breeding of the environment-resistant crops varieties compensates the increase of temperature in the yield dynamics, preventing severe harvest losses. Tree-ring based reconstructions may help to understand and forecast response of the crops to the climatic variability, and also the probability of crop failures, particularly in the rain-fed territories.

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