NATALYA NIKOLAEVNA SHIROBOKOVA: IN MEMORY OF OUR TEACHER

Статья посвящена памяти крупного тюрколога, исследователя сибирских тюркских языков Н. Н. Широбоковой. В ней даны сведения об этапах ее жизненного пути и освещен вклад ученого в тюркологию и в подготовку молодых исследователей. Н. Н. Широбокова разработала концепцию, объясняющую отношение якутского языка к тюркским языкам Южной Сибири, доказав, что ранняя изоляция якутского языка позволила сохранить черты, которые в древнетюркском и древнеуйгурском языках подверглись затемнению из - за смешанного характера этих языков и процессов этнического смешения. Наталья Николаевна выявила, что следующим языком, оказавшим воздействие на южносибирские тюркские языки в виде перестройки их языковых систем, был язык древних кыргызов, с которым связано становление языков кыпчакского типа в Южной Сибири. The article is devoted to the memory of the major turkologist, researcher of the Siberian Turkic languages N. N. Shirobokova. It provides information about the stages of her life path and highlights the contribution of the scientist to Turkology and to the training of young researchers. N. N. Shirobokova developed a concept explaining the relation of the Yakut language to the Turkic languages of South Siberia, proving that the early isolation of the Yakut language made it possible to preserve features that in the Old Turkic and Old Uigur languages were obscured because of the mixed nature of these languages and the processes of ethnic mixing. Natalya Nikolaevna discovered that the next language that had an impact on the South Siberian Turkic languages in the form of restructuring of their language systems was the language of the ancient Kyrgyz, which is associated with the formation of the Kipchak - type languages in South Siberia.

FORM - GALAKH IN KHAKASS AND OTHER TURKIC LANGUAGES OF SOUTH SIBERIA

Статья посвящена одной из специфических форм тюркских языков Южной Сибири - форме на залах. Данная форма неоднократно подвергалась описанию на примере конкретных языков, но практически всегда больше внимания уделялось её функциональным и семантическим характеристикам. В связи с этим в языках, где она встречается, существуют некоторые разногласия в интерпретации названия этой формы, что невольно влияет и на её семантику и функции. Статья написана на материале хакасского языка, посвящена анализу специфики структурных и функционально - семантических характеристик этой формы. Учитываются результаты исследования этой формы в родственных языках, где она обладает многими чертами сходства с хакасской формой. Ставится вопрос о терминах, используемых для названия этой формы. The article is devoted to one of the specific forms in the Turkic languages of South Siberia - form galakh. This form has been described a number of times on the example of the specific languages, but almost always more attention was paid to its functional and semantic characteristics. In this regard, in languages where it occurs, there are some disagreements in the interpretation of the name of this form, which inadvertently affects its semantics and functions. The article is written on the material of the Khakass language and is devoted to the analysis of the specifics of the structural and functional - semantic characteristics of this form. The results of the study of this form in related languages, where it has many features of similarity with the Khakass form, are taken into account. The question about the terms used for the name of this form is raised.

NATALYA NIKOLAEVNA SHIROBOKOVA: IN MEMORY OF OUR TEACHER

Статья посвящена памяти крупного тюрколога, исследователя сибирских тюркских языков Н. Н. Широбоковой. В ней даны сведения об этапах ее жизненного пути и освещен вклад ученого в тюркологию и в подготовку молодых исследователей. Н. Н. Широбокова разработала концепцию, объясняющую отношение якутского языка к тюркским языкам Южной Сибири, доказав, что ранняя изоляция якутского языка позволила сохранить черты, которые в древнетюркском и древнеуйгурском языках подверглись затемнению из - за смешанного характера этих языков и процессов этнического смешения. Наталья Николаевна выявила, что следующим языком, оказавшим воздействие на южносибирские тюркские языки в виде перестройки их языковых систем, был язык древних кыргызов, с которым связано становление языков кыпчакского типа в Южной Сибири. The article is devoted to the memory of the major turkologist, researcher of the Siberian Turkic languages N. N. Shirobokova. It provides information about the stages of her life path and highlights the contribution of the scientist to Turkology and to the training of young researchers. N. N. Shirobokova developed a concept explaining the relation of the Yakut language to the Turkic languages of South Siberia, proving that the early isolation of the Yakut language made it possible to preserve features that in the Old Turkic and Old Uigur languages were obscured because of the mixed nature of these languages and the processes of ethnic mixing. Natalya Nikolaevna discovered that the next language that had an impact on the South Siberian Turkic languages in the form of restructuring of their language systems was the language of the ancient Kyrgyz, which is associated with the formation of the Kipchak - type languages in South Siberia.

Ancient Element of Kem in Oronymia Chatkal and Toponymia of South Siberia

It is well known that oronyms are the nuclear system of the lexical fund of the linguistic structure as such and are closely related to the historical formation of the linguistic mentality of the carrier. Of course, the Kyrgyz oronyms, that is, the names of the mountains, are extraterritorial and ancient nominations in Eurasia. In this regard, the oronymy of modern Kyrgyzstan, manifesting the echoes of the ancient area, primarily reflects the linguistic picture, or rather, the worldview of the once powerful nomadic state, the so-called historians of the Kyrgyz Great Power. Therefore, this article analyzes, first of all, the conceptual foundations of the oronyms of the Kyrgyz language.

XI International Scientific Conference “Ancient Cultures of Mongolia, Baikal and South Siberia, Northern China”

A report on the XI International scientific conference “Ancient Cultures of Mongolia, Baikal and South Siberia, Northern China” held in Abakan by Khakas State University from September 8 to September 12 2021 is presented. Brief descriptions of the papers presented are given.

Typological diversity and ecological-geographical characteristics of the forest cover of southern part of the Evenki region

The article presents the results of preliminary comprehensive ecological and geographical studies of the forest cover of the middle taiga subzone of Central Siberia. The higher syntaxa of forests were identified using the ecological-floristic classification of vegetation (Braun-Blanquet approach). All forest communities in the region are classified as Vaccinio – Piceetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939 and are represented by the following orders: Ledo palustris – Laricetalia gmelinii Ermakov in Ermakov et Alsynbayev 2004 – coniferous (mainly larch) forests of Northern Eurasia on permafrost soils characterized by stagnant moisture and low heat supply; Piceo obovatae – Pinetalia sibiricae Ermakov 2013 – typical Siberian dark coniferous forests; Lathyro humilis – Laricetalia gmelinii Ermakov et al. 2002 – boreal forests with the participation of xeromesophilic moderately thermophilic species, widespread in the ultracontinental climate of East, South Siberia and Mongolia. The features of their ecology and geographic regularities and the participation of order communities in the formation of forest cover in different parts of the studied region were considered.

Unprecedented acceleration of winter discharge of Upper Yenisei River inferred from tree rings

The Yenisei River is the largest contributor of freshwater and energy fluxes among all rivers draining to the Arctic Ocean. Modeling long-term variability of Eurasian runoff to the Arctic Ocean is complicated by the considerable variability of river discharge in time and space, and the monitoring constraints imposed by a sparse gauged-flow network and paucity of satellite data. We quantify tree growth response to river discharge at the upper reaches of the Yenisei River in Tuva, South Siberia. Two regression models built from eight tree-ring width chronologies of Larix sibirica are applied to reconstruct winter (Nov–Apr) discharge for the period 1784-1997 (214 years), and annual (Oct–Sept) discharge for the period 1701–2000 (300 years). The Nov–Apr model explains 52% of the discharge variance whereas Oct–Sept explains 26% for the calibration intervals 1927–1997 and 1927-2000, respectively. This new hydrological archive doubles the length of the instrumental discharge record at the Kyzyl gauge and resets the temporal background of discharge variability back to 1784. The reconstruction finds a remarkable 80% upsurge in winter flow over the last 25 years, which is unprecedented in the last 214 years. In contrast, annual discharge fluctuated normally for this system, with only a 7% increase over the last 25 years. Water balance modeling with CRU data manifests a significant discrepancy between decadal variability of the gauged flow and climate data after 1960. We discuss the impact on the baseflow rate change of both the accelerating permafrost warming in the discontinuous zone of South Siberia and widespread forest fires. The winter discharge accounts for only one-third of the annual flow, yet the persistent 25-year upsurge is alarming. This trend is likely caused by Arctic Amplification, which can be further magnified by increased winter flow delivering significantly more freshwater to the Kara Sea during the cold season.

New data on distribution of Mycodrosophila poecilogastra (Loew, 1874) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Russia

The Transpalaearctic species Mycodrosophila poecilogastra is recorded for the first time from South Siberia and the Central Federal District of Russia. Consequently, a check-list of Drosophilidae of Tuva includes 30 species in eight genera and a list of Moscow City apparently consists of about 40 species.