scholarly journals Response of Bark and Woodboring Beetles to Host Volatiles and Wounding on Western Juniper

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane L. Hayes ◽  
Patricia L. Johnson ◽  
Andris Eglitis ◽  
Donald W. Scott ◽  
Lia Spiegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Host Volatiles ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Western Juniper ◽  
Mechanical Removal ◽  
Juniperus Occidentalis ◽  
Cade Oil

Abstract In central Oregon, management of western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis var. occidentalis Hook.) has included use of prescribed fire and mechanical removal. After these treatments, several species of bark and woodboring beetles have been observed on treated trees and also occasionally on trees outside management areas, suggesting that these insects might contribute to juniper mortality. In this 2-year (2002–2003) study, we identified bark and woodboring beetles that attack western juniper along with associated beetle predators and examined whether these insects can be manipulated for use in juniper management. Using funnel traps and sticky traps on trees wounded by pruning or treated with host volatiles (juniper berry oil, cade oil, and ethanol) that may attract insects, we captured beetles in the families Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, and Scolytidae (20 species in 17 genera) and known predators in the families Cleridae and Trogositidae (8 species in 7 genera). Cedar bark beetles (Phloeosinus spp.) were the most prevalent insects captured on trees treated with host volatiles and/or wounded. Treatments that included ethanol plus wounding were most attractive to these beetles. However, there was no obvious insect-caused damage or mortality of treated trees in either year of this study.

ATTRACTION AND REPRESSION OF DENDROCTONUS PSEUDOTSUGAE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) BY THREE SYNTHETIC PHEROMONES IN TRAPS IN OREGON AND IDAHO

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 815-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Rudinsky ◽  
M. M. Furniss ◽  
L. N. Kline ◽  
R. F. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
New Method ◽  
Host Volatiles ◽  
Dendroctonus Pseudotsugae ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Host Attractants ◽  
Alpha Pinene ◽  
Made In

AbstractComparative tests were made in Oregon and Idaho employing sticky traps with three synthetic pheromones of Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins, frontalin, 3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one, and trans-verbenol, and the host attractants Douglas-fir resin, alpha-pinene, and camphene. The attractiveness of frontalin combined with host volatiles reported earlier from Idaho was confirmed. The combination of trans-verbenol with frontalin plus camphene in Oregon brought the highest response among synthetic treatments, but the addition of trans-verbenol to other treatments with frontalin sometimes decreased beetle response.3-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one almost nullified the attractiveness of all baits tested. The practical use of such a compound to prevent beetle aggregation and protect susceptible Douglas-fir trees as well as to regulate the "spillover" from attractive baits is considered as a possible new method of protection against bark beetles.

Resin ducts and bark thickness influence pine resistance to bark beetles after prescribed fire

2021 ◽  
Vol 494 ◽  
pp. 119322
Author(s):  
Teresa Valor ◽  
Sharon M. Hood ◽  
Míriam Piqué ◽  
Asier Larrañaga ◽  
Pere Casals
Keyword(s):  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Bark Thickness ◽  
Resin Ducts

scholarly journals Sagebrush steppe recovery after fire varies by development phase of Juniperus occidentalis woodland

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Bates ◽  
Robert N. Sharp ◽  
Kirk W. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sagebrush Steppe ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Herbaceous Layer ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Juniperus Occidentalis

Woodland ecosystems of the world have been changed by land use demands, altered fire regimes, invasive species and climate change. Reduced fire frequency is recognised as a main causative agent for Pinus–Juniperus L. (piñon–juniper) expansion in North American woodlands. Piñon–juniper control measures, including prescribed fire, are increasingly employed to restore sagebrush steppe communities. We compared vegetation recovery following prescribed fire on Phase 2 (mid-succession) and Phase 3 (late-succession) Juniperus occidentalis Hook. (western juniper) woodlands in Oregon. The herbaceous layer on Phase 2 sites was comprised of native perennial and annual vegetation before and after fire. On Phase 3 sites the herbaceous layer shifted from native species to dominance by invasive Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass). After fire, shrubs on Phase 2 sites were comprised of sprouting species and Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. (snowbrush). On Phase 3 woodland sites the shrub layer was dominated by C. velutinus. The results suggest that Phase 2 sites have a greater likelihood of recovery to native vegetation after fire and indicate that sites transitioning from Phase 2 to Phase 3 woodlands cross a recovery threshold where there is a greater potential for invasive weeds, rather than native vegetation, to dominate after fire.

Effects of fuel morphology on ember generation characteristics at the tree scale

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1042
Author(s):  
Tyler R. Hudson ◽  
Ryan B. Bray ◽  
David L. Blunck ◽  
Wesley Page ◽  
Bret Butler
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Pseudotsuga Menziesii ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Abies Grandis ◽  
Western Juniper ◽  
Juniperus Occidentalis ◽  
Spot Fires

This work reports characteristics of embers generated by torching trees and seeks to identify the important physical and biological factors involved. The size of embers, number flux and propensity to ignite spot fires (i.e. number flux of ‘hot’ embers) are reported for several tree species under different combinations of number (one, three or five) and moisture content (11–193%). Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), grand fir (Abies grandis), western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) trees were evaluated. Embers were collected on an array of fire-resistant fabric panels and trays filled with water. Douglas-fir trees generated the highest average ember flux per kilogram of mass loss during torching, whereas grand fir trees generated the highest ‘hot’ ember flux per kilogram of mass loss. Western juniper produced the largest fraction of ‘hot’ embers, with ~30% of the embers generated being hot enough to leave char marks. In contrast, only 6% of the embers generated by ponderosa pine were hot enough to leave char marks. Results from this study can be used to help understand the propensity of different species of tree to produce embers and the portion of embers that may be hot enough to start a spot fire.

scholarly journals Assessing the Carbon Consequences of Western Juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) Encroachment Across Oregon, USA

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Campbell ◽  
Robert E. Kennedy ◽  
Warren B. Cohen ◽  
Richard F. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Western Juniper ◽  
Juniperus Occidentalis

Seasonal Abundance, Arrival and Emergence Patterns of Predaceous Hister Beetles (Coleoptera: Histeridae) Associated with Ips Engraver Beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Louisiana

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Shepherd ◽  
Richard A. Goyer
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Visual Orientation ◽  
Sticky Traps ◽  
Emergence Patterns ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Pine Trees

The most common predaceous hister beetles (Coleoptera: Histeridae) found associated with Ips engraver beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in southern Louisiana were Platysoma attenuata LeConte, P. cylindrica (Paykull), P. parallelum (Say), and Plegaderus transversus (Say). The seasonal abundance of histerids caught in flight traps coincided with Ips spp. activity in the area. Histerid adults were initially caught in sticky traps on Ips-infested loblolly pine logs 1 wk after Ips spp. attacks had begun. As a group, histerids emerged from logs in a bimodal pattern with the first peak occurring during Ips spp. emergence and a second 4 wks later. The abundance of P. parallelum and P. transversus indicates that they likely fed on bark beetles and organisms arriving later in the colonization sequence. Visual orientation appeared to play a role in attraction of histerids to logs colonized by bark beetles. Platysoma attenuata preferred vertically-positioned logs to horizontal logs, while P. parallelum was the opposite. These results suggest that some histerids may be visually attracted to horizontal silhouettes, such as pine trees that have been blown down or felled and often are infested by Ips spp. Other hister beetles may prefer vertical silhouettes, such as standing pines, which tend to be colonized by the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann.

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