Transmission of Potato virus Y in Tobacco Plants by Myzus persicae nicotianae and M. persicae s.str.

The transmission efficiency of Potato virus Y N (PVYN) from and to tobacco plants by Myzus persicae nicotianae, a tobacco specialist, and M. persicae s.str. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), a generalist, was evaluated. In direct transmission tests, 1,004 spring migrants collected as nymphs from peach and 1,434 wingless females from 12 clonal lineages of both taxa were examined. Both the winged and wingless females were starved before being transferred individually for a 3-min acquisition period on infected plants and then moved to healthy plants for a 10-min inoculation access period. Little variation in transmission efficiency was observed. Although not statistically significant, M. persicae nicotianae was slightly more effective. This may suggest similar genetic properties (e.g., virion receptors in mouthparts) between the taxa in relation to virus transmission. M. persicae s.str. transmitted the virus less efficiently when a shorter inoculation period was given. This may indicate differences in probing behavior during the early phase of host selection. Nevertheless, behavioral differences related to host selection have been found using arena tests with infected and healthy tobacco plants where 180 winged females from each taxon were tested. M. persicae s.str. had significantly higher propensity to transmit PVYN than M. persicae nicotianae (31.9 versus 15.3%).

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DIFFERENCE IN THE TRANSMISSION OF PVY° TO POTATO AND TOBACCO BY THE POTATO APHID, MACROSIPHUM EUPHORBIAE (THOMAS): EFFECTS OF PROBING DURATION AND FREQUENCY

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent123869-4 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 123 (4) ◽

pp. 869-874 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Gilles Boiteau ◽

R.P. Singh

Keyword(s):

Causal Relationship ◽

Short Duration ◽

Potato Virus ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Potato Aphid ◽

Probing Behavior ◽

Pvy Transmission ◽

Nonpersistent Viruses

AbstractThe probing behavior of the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), is significantly different on potato than on tobacco plants. The higher frequency of short-duration probes, ideal for the transmission of nonpersistent viruses, is the apparent cause for the higher rate of potato virus Y° (PVY°) transmission on tobacco than on potato. However, experimental augmentation of short inoculation probes by M. euphorbiae on potato and tobacco failed to increase PVY° transmission on either. These results demonstrate the absence of a causal relationship between variations in probing behavior of M. euphorbiae and variations in the transmissibility of PVY° by this vector on tobacco and potato.

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The use of test tube plantlets for the assessment of Potato virus Y transmission by Myzus persicae and Aphis glycines

Phytoprotection ◽

10.7202/1008541ar ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 91 ◽

pp. 15-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xianzhou Nie ◽

Marie-Andrée Giguère ◽

Yvan Pelletier

Keyword(s):

Potato Virus ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

Green Peach Aphid ◽

Transmission Rate ◽

Transmission Efficiency ◽

Test Tube ◽

Aphis Glycines ◽

Colonizing Species ◽

Potted Plants

Test tube plantlets were used to assess the transmission efficiency of Potato virus Y (PVY) from and to potato plants by the potato colonizing species green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) and the non-potato colonizing species soybean aphid (Aphis glycines). Similar levels of transmission of PVY by M. persicae were observed in the test tube plantlets and potted plants, demonstrating the reliability of this test for PVY transmission efficiency assay for aphids. The assay was then used to assess the transmission of PVYO and PVYN:O by M. persicae and A. glycines with two virus acquisition regimes, one with 5-min continuous probing and the other with 1-h acquisition access. The M. persicae mediated-transmission rate was 24.1% and 51.7% for PVYO and PVYN:O, respectively, under the 5-min acquisition regime; under the same acquisition regime, A. glycines led to 0.0% and 1.7% infection rates for PVYO and PVYN:O, respectively. Under the 1-h acquisition regime, no infection was observed except for PVYN:O by M. persicae, which exhibited an infection rate of 3.4%.

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SOME EFFECTS OF FORMALDEHYDE ON POTATO VIRUS Y IN VITRO, AND ABILITY OF APHIDS TO TRANSMIT THE VIRUS WHEN THEIR STYLETS ARE TREATED WITH FORMALDEHYDE

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m55-092 ◽

1955 ◽

Vol 1 (9) ◽

pp. 783-793 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

R. H. E. Bradley ◽

R. Y. Ganong

Keyword(s):

Potato Virus ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Considerable Distance ◽

Formaldehyde Treatment ◽

Aphid Vectors ◽

Infected Tobacco

Potato virus Y (PVY) was made noninfective by incubation with formaldehyde in vitro. Yet this noninfective virus reacted with PVY antiserum and caused antibodies to be produced in rabbits as readily as infective PVY. A method is described for baring the stylets of living aphids beyond the end of the labium, which normally encloses the stylets. Specimens of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) infective with PVY were made noninfective by treating the stylets for 30 sec. with concentrations of formaldehyde as low as 0.03%; and 0.25% formaldehyde caused the same effect in five seconds. Aphids were also made noninfective when the proboscis with the tip of the stylets bared was treated with formaldehyde, even after the stylets had been inserted a considerable distance into infected tobacco plants. By contrast, aphids usually remained infective when the proboscis with the stylets enclosed in the labium was treated with similar concentrations of formaldehyde. However, formaldehyde treatment of the stylets did not affect the ability of aphids immediately thereafter to acquire and transmit PVY. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that viruses transmitted like PVY are carried by the stylets of their aphid vectors.

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EFFECTS OF DEPTH OF STYLET PENETRATION ON APHID TRANSMISSION OF POTATO VIRUS Y

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m56-065 ◽

1956 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 539-547 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

R. H. E. Bradley

Keyword(s):

Potato Virus ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

Plant Cells ◽

Aphid Transmission ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Infected Tobacco ◽

Superficial Tissues

The aphid Myzus persicae (Sulz.) most often became infective with potato virus Y on inserting the stylets only superficially into infected tobacco plants after a period without food; the further the stylets penetrated into the plant, the less likely the aphid was to be infective. When epidermis was removed from infected plants, aphids acquired virus Y as readily from the exposed mesophyll as from the piece of removed epidermis. M. persicae can feed by inserting its stylets through a membrane and into tobacco plants. But aphids rarely became infective with virus Y when they inserted their stylets through a membrane and into infected plants; and infective aphids rarely transmitted the virus when they inserted their stylets through a membrane into susceptible plants. Yet infective aphids that penetrated a membrane could afterwards infect a plant not covered with a membrane. Also, aphids did not become infective when they penetrated the deeper tissues of infected plants that had had the virus in the superficial tissues inactivated by ultraviolet radiations. The main conclusion is that M. persicae rarely becomes infective with virus Y or transmits it after the stylets penetrate beyond the first layer of plant cells.

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EVIDENCE THAT POTATO VIRUS Y IS CARRIED NEAR THE TIP OF THE STYLETS OF THE APHID VECTOR MYZUS PERSICAE (SULZ.)

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m55-091 ◽

1955 ◽

Vol 1 (9) ◽

pp. 775-782 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

R. H. E. Bradley ◽

R. Y. Ganong

Keyword(s):

Potato Virus ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

Wave Band ◽

Tobacco Plants ◽

Aphid Vector ◽

Green Peach Aphids ◽

Infected Tobacco ◽

Test Plants

Green peach aphids infective with potato virus Y were made noninfective by exposing the tips of their stylets to ultraviolet radiations in the 2537 Å wave band. Similar results were obtained when the area around the aphid was ventilated during irradiation to carry away the ozone produced by the radiations passing through the air. This irradiation did not appear to harm the aphid even though much of its body was irradiated at the same time. Nor did it affect the infectivity of aphids when their stylets were enclosed by the labium, or when most of the length of the stylets except the tips was exposed to the radiations. Irradiation did, however, reduce the ability of aphids immediately thereafter to acquire potato virus Y during a brief feeding puncture, but this was so whether the tips of the stylets were irradiated or not. Furthermore, an hour after being irradiated, aphids acquired the virus during a brief feeding puncture as readily as did unirradiated controls. It is concluded that irradiation of the tips of the stylets of M. persicae inactivated potato virus Y that otherwise would have been transmitted to the test plants. Only virus near the tips of the stylets appeared to be transmitted even after more than the tips had been inserted into infected tobacco plants.

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Preference of the aphid Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) for tobacco plants at specific stages of potato virus Y infection

Archives of Virology ◽

10.1007/s00705-019-04231-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 164 (6) ◽

pp. 1567-1573 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jinyan Liu ◽

Yingjie Liu ◽

Philip Donkersley ◽

Yonghao Dong ◽

Xi Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Potato Virus ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

Tobacco Plants

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SOME WAYS IN WHICH A PARAFFIN OIL IMPEDES APHID TRANSMISSION OF POTATO VIRUS Y

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m63-045 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 369-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

R. H. E. Bradley

Keyword(s):

Potato Virus ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Potato Virus Y ◽

Aphid Transmission ◽

The Third ◽

Paraffin Oil

In laboratory tests with a light white paraffin oil, transmission of potato virus Y by viruliferous adults of Myzus persicae (Sulz.) was impeded by (a) allowing aphids to probe on a leaf coated with oil, (b) manually touching the end of the labium to an oil-coated leaf, or (c) inserting the bare stylets directly into the oil. The first two of these but not the third also impeded for some minutes the uptake and transmission of virus Y by nonviruliferous aphids. Oil sprayed on plants kept in the laboratory continued to cause these effects for some weeks. If infected plants, used as virus sources for aphids, were coated with oil, transmission from them was impeded. It is still not clear why oil impedes transmission. But the results give good reasons to believe that oil can be used in the field to prevent spread of certain aphid-borne viruses.

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