scholarly journals Morphological, Pathogenic, and Molecular Characterization of Colletotrichum acutatum Isolates Causing Almond Anthracnose in Spain

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 2034-2045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana López-Moral ◽  
Maria Carmen Raya-Ortega ◽  
Carlos Agustí-Brisach ◽  
Luis F. Roca ◽  
Maria Lovera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Clear Identification ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum Species Complex ◽  
A New Species

Almond anthracnose is a serious and emerging disease in several countries. All isolates causing almond anthracnose have been assigned to the Colletotrichum acutatum species complex, of which only C. fioriniae and C. godetiae have been associated with the disease to date. Here, we characterized Colletotrichum isolates from almond fruit affected by anthracnose in the Andalusia region. Two Colletotrichum isolates causing olive anthracnose were included for comparison. Morphological characteristics were useful for separating the isolates into groups based on colony morphology. Pathogenicity tests in almond, olive, and apple fruit showed differences in virulence and some degree of pathogenic specialization among isolates. Molecular characterization allowed clear identification of the Colletotrichum isolates tested. The olive isolates were identified as C. godetiae and C. nymphaeae, both previously identified in Andalusian olive orchards. Two phylogenetic species were identified among the almond isolates: C. godetiae, with gray colonies, which is well known in other countries, and C. acutatum, with pink-orange colonies. This species identification differs from those of pink-colony subpopulations described in other countries, which are C. fioriniae. Therefore, this study is also the first report of a new species of Colletotrichum causing almond anthracnose within the C. acutatum species complex.

scholarly journals Outbreak of Leaf Spot and Fruit Rot in Florida Strawberry Caused by Neopestalotiopsis spp.

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. PDIS-06-20-1290
Author(s):  
Juliana S. Baggio ◽  
Bruna B. Forcelini ◽  
Nan-Yi Wang ◽  
Rafaela G. Ruschel ◽  
James C. Mertely ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Spore Production ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
A New Species

Pestalotiopsis-like species have been reported affecting strawberry worldwide. Recently, severe and unprecedented outbreaks have been reported in Florida commercial fields where leaf, fruit, petiole, crown, and root symptoms were observed, and yield was severely affected. The taxonomic status of the fungus is confusing because it has gone through multiple reclassifications over the years. Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and pathogenicity tests were evaluated for strawberry isolates recovered from diseased plants in Florida. Phylogenetic analyses derived from the combined internal transcribed spacer, β-tub, and tef1 regions demonstrated that although there was low genetic diversity among the strawberry isolates, there was a clear separation of the isolates in two groups. The first group included isolates recovered over a period of several years, which was identified as Neopestalotiopsis rosae. Most isolates recovered during the recent outbreaks were genetically different and may belong to a new species. On potato dextrose agar, both groups produced white, circular, and cottony colonies. From the bottom, colonies were white to pale yellow for Neopestalotiopsis sp. and pale luteous to orange for N. rosae. Spores for both groups were five-celled with three median versicolored cells. Mycelial growth and spore production were higher for the new Neopestalotiopsis sp. isolates. Isolates from both groups were pathogenic to strawberry roots and crowns. However, the new Neopestalotiopsis sp. proved more aggressive in fruit and leaf inoculation tests, confirming observations from the recent outbreaks in commercial strawberry fields in Florida.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Bull's Eye Rot of Apple in Chile

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvana Soto-Alvear ◽  
Mauricio Lolas ◽  
Inés M. Rosales ◽  
Eduardo R. Chávez ◽  
Bernardo A. Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Tubulin Genes ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequences ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Bull's Eye

Apple fruit in Chile are primarily produced for export to Asia, Europe, and the United States, which typically requires 15 to 40 days of maritime transportation. Therefore, Chilean apple production must fulfill the sanitization requirements imposed by the receiving countries. Under these circumstances, it was important to clarify the etiology of bull's eye rot that can severely affect ‘Cripps Pink’ apple and other late-harvest cultivars in Chile. Based on morphological characteristics and the partial sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer sequences and β-tubulin genes, Neofabraea alba was identified as the causal agent of the bull's eye rot of Chilean apple. These results were further corroborated using species-specific primers. The incidence of bull's eye rot varied considerably; for instance, in 2009, 0.0 to 58.7% in 38 Cripps Pink orchards surveyed in the relatively arid and humid apple-growing areas of Chile, respectively. There was no evidence for the presence of N. malicorticis or N. perennans, which are commonly identified as causal agents of bull's eye rot in other apple-producing countries. Altogether, these data suggest that N. alba might represent the predominant and possibly the only cause of bull's-eye rot of Chilean apple.

scholarly journals Identification of Fusarium Species Isolated From Stored Apple Fruit in Croatia / Identifikacija Vrsta Roda Fusarium Izoliranih S Plodova Jabuke Nakon Skladištenja

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdravka Sever ◽  
Dario Ivić ◽  
Tomislav Kos ◽  
Tihomir Miličević
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Fusarium Avenaceum ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Fusarium Rot ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Apple Fruits

AbstractSeveral species of the genus Fusarium can cause apple fruit to rot while stored. Since Fusarium taxonomy is very complex and has constantly been revised and updated over the last years, the aim of this study was to identify Fusarium species from rotten apples, based on combined morphological characteristics and molecular data.We identified 32 Fusarium isolates from rotten apple fruit of cultivars Golden Delicious, Jonagold, Idared, and Pink Lady, stored in Ultra Low Oxygen (ULO) conditions. Fusarium rot was detected in 9.4 % to 33.2 % of naturally infected apples, depending on the cultivar. The symptoms were similar in all four cultivars: a soft circular brown necrosis of different extent, with or without visible sporulation. Fusarium species were identified by the morphology of cultures grown on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) and carnation leaf agar (CLA). Twenty one isolates were identified as Fusarium avenaceum and confirmed as such with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primer pair FA-ITSF and FA-ITSR. F. pseudograminearum,F. semitectum, F. crookwellense, and F. compactum were identified by morphological characteristics. F.avenaceum can produce several mycotoxins and its dominance in Fusarium rot points to the risk of mycotoxin contamination of apple fruit juices and other products for human consumption. Pathogenicity tests showed typical symptoms of Fusarium rot in most of the inoculated wounded apple fruits. In this respect Fusarium avenaceum, as the dominant cause of Fusarium rot in stored apple fruits is a typical wound parasite.

Unveiling Members of Colletotrichum acutatum Species Complex Causing Colletotrichum Leaf Disease of Hevea brasiliensis in Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Hunupolagama ◽  
N. V. Chandrasekharan ◽  
W. S. S. Wijesundera ◽  
H. S. Kathriarachchi ◽  
T. H. P. S. Fernando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Leaf Disease ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum Species Complex ◽  
Colletotrichum Leaf Disease

scholarly journals Morphology and Molecular Characterization of a Fungus from the Alternaria alternata Species Complex Causing Black Spots on Pyrus sinkiangensis (Koerle pear)

Mycobiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Sein Lai Lai Aung ◽  
Hai Feng Liu ◽  
Dong Fang Pei ◽  
Bing Bin Lu ◽  
May Moe Oo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Black Spots

scholarly journals A new species of Pseudococcus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) belonging to the “Pseudococcus maritimus” complex from Chile: molecular and morphological description

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2926 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARGARITA CORREA ◽  
CARLOS AGUIRRE ◽  
JEAN-FRANÇOIS GERMAIN ◽  
PATRICIO HINRICHSEN ◽  
TANIA ZAVIEZO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Host Plant Range ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization ◽  
Pseudococcus Maritimus

A new species of mealybug from Chile, Pseudococcus meridionalis Prado sp. n., is described and illustrated based on the morphological and molecular characterization of adult females. This species belongs to the “Pseudococcus maritimus” complex and displays a wide host plant range, including Japanese pear, persimmon, pomegranate, pear and grape.

scholarly journals An integrated approach to improve plant protection against olive anthracnose caused by the Colletotrichum acutatum species complex

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. e0233916
Author(s):  
Stefanos Kolainis ◽  
Anastasia Koletti ◽  
Maira Lykogianni ◽  
Dimitra Karamanou ◽  
Danai Gkizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum Species Complex

scholarly journals Sensitivity of the Colletotrichum acutatum Species Complex From Apple Trees in Brazil to Dithiocarbamates, Methyl Benzimidazole Carbamates, and Quinone Outside Inhibitor Fungicides

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
pp. 2569-2576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaele R. Moreira ◽  
Natasha A. Hamada ◽  
Natalia A. Peres ◽  
Louise L. May De Mio
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Thiophanate Methyl ◽  
Quinone Outside Inhibitor ◽  
Bitter Rot ◽  
Benzimidazole Carbamates ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum Species Complex ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) and bitter rot (BR) on apples are often caused by Colletotrichum acutatum in Paraná State, Brazil. GLS control is difficult because of its rapid development, with an incubation period of only 2 days under favorable conditions. Therefore, producers use successive fungicide applications every season; however, failure to control GLS has been commonly reported. The objectives of this study were to determine the sensitivity of isolates of the C. acutatum species complex obtained from apple orchards in Brazil to mancozeb, thiophanate-methyl, and azoxystrobin fungicides. Isolates from the different parts of the plant (leaves, flowers, buds, and twigs) and cultivars (Gala and Eva) showed different levels of sensitivity to mancozeb, thiophanate-methyl, and azoxystrobin. For mancozeb, the frequencies of isolates were 25% highly resistant, 50% low-resistance, and 25% sensitive. For thiophanate-methyl, the frequencies of isolates were 72.2% highly resistant, 11.1% resistant, and 16.7% moderately resistant. For azoxystrobin, the frequencies of isolates were 11.1% highly resistant, 5.6% resistant, and 83.3% sensitive. Interestingly, no mutations in the β-tubulin and cytochrome b genes were observed in any of the isolates resistant to thiophanate-methyl and azoxystrobin fungicides.

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