scholarly journals First Report of a New and Highly Virulent Race of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the Causal Agent of Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice in Guangxi Province, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. Chen ◽  
Q. Yan ◽  
R. F. Li ◽  
K. H. Li ◽  
L. J. Gao
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Guangxi Province ◽  
First Report ◽  
Highly Virulent

The structure of the lipooligosaccharide from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae: the causal agent of the bacterial leaf blight in rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 427 ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flaviana Di Lorenzo ◽  
Angelo Palmigiano ◽  
Alba Silipo ◽  
Yoshitake Desaki ◽  
Domenico Garozzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight

scholarly journals First Report of Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli as the Causal Agent of Bacterial Leaf Blight of Betelvine in Taiwan

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1065-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.-L. Deng ◽  
T.-C. Huang ◽  
Y.-C. Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
First Report ◽  
Microbial Identification ◽  
Sequence Identity ◽  
Disease Free

In November 2008, betelvines (Piper betle L., Piperaceae) exhibiting leaf blight symptoms were observed in central Taiwan. Infections resulted in a 30 to 70% loss of leaf yield in the investigated betel leaf-producing facilities. Symptoms began with small, necrotic, water-soaked spots that progressed to circular to irregularly shaped brown lesions, 5 to 10 mm in diameter, with chlorotic halos on leaves; some lesions started from the edge of leaves and later fused to form dried, necrotic margins. Bacteria-like streaming fluid was visible from the edges of freshly cut lesions at the junctions of chlorotic and necrotic leaf tissues when observed with a light microscope at ×100. When the streaming fluid was streaked onto King's medium B (3), a slow-growing, gram-negative, nonfluorescent bacterium was identified from the whitish colonies that consistently developed on the medium. Five bacterial isolates from three lesions were characterized with fatty acid methyl ester analysis (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA) and Sherlock Microbial Identification System (Microbial IDentification Inc., Newark, DE), and for each isolate, the bacterium was confirmed as Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli with a similarity index >0.70. In addition, the Biolog system (Biolog, Hayward, CA) and 16S ribosomal RNA sequence identity comparison were performed to confirm that the five betelvine-isolated bacteria were A. avenae subsp. citrulli based on a similarity of 0.54 with Biolog and 99% sequence identity for 16S rRNA gene. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by infiltrating a bacterial suspension of 3 × 105 CFU/ml into 40 leaves of four greenhouse-grown, disease-free, mature betelvine plants. After inoculation, plants were kept in a humidified greenhouse at 28°C to favor symptom development and symptoms similar to those observed in the greenhouse were evident at 7 days post inoculation (dpi) on all bacterium-infiltrated leaves. Control leaves infiltrated with distilled water remained symptomless. Bacteria showing morphological and biochemical similarities (2) to the ones used for inoculation were isolated from all of the inoculated betelvine leaves. In addition, a bacterial suspension at 3 × 108 CFU/ml was sprayed at the amount of 5 ml per plant onto 6 to 10 plants each of 4-week-old disease-free seedlings of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai, cv. Empire No. 2), oriental sweet melon (Cucumis melo L. var. saccharinus Naudin, cv. Silver Beam), and waxgourd (Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn., cv. Cheerer) for bioassays, and the inoculated seedlings were enclosed in plastic bags for 36 h at 28°C. Water-soaked lesions were observed on leaves of watermelon and waxgourd at 2 dpi and on sweet melon at 4 dpi on all inoculated plants but not on distilled water-sprayed control plants, indicating that A. avenae subsp. citrulli strains from betelvine could also infect melon plants. A. avenae subsp. citrulli was previously identified as the causal agent of bacterial fruit blotch on melon and bitter gourd in Taiwan (1). To our knowledge, this is the first report that A. avenae subsp. citrulli can naturally infect betelvine, a noncucurbit crop, to elicit bacterial leaf blight disease. References: (1) A.-H. Cheng and T.-C. Huang. Plant Pathol. Bull. 7:216, 1998. (2) J. B. Jones et al. Page 121 in: Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. 3rd ed. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 2001. (3) E. O. King et al. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 44:301, 1954.

scholarly journals First Report of Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice Caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Benin

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Afolabi ◽  
R. Amoussa ◽  
M. Bilé ◽  
A. Oludare ◽  
V. Gbogbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
First Report

scholarly journals Response of a local rice variety Pandanwangi to infection of bacterial leaf blight Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae strain III, IV, and VIII

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012068
Author(s):  
Hadiwiyono ◽  
S H Poromarto ◽  
S Widono ◽  
R F Rizal
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
West Java ◽  
Local Cultivar

Abstract Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the limiting factors in rice production. A local cultivar, rice “Pandanwangi” is a superior variety much preferred and cultivated by the farmers in Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. The information about the response of “Pandangwangi” to Xoo is still poorly understood. This paper reports the results of the evaluation of “Pandanwangi” response against BLB. This research was conducted in a greenhouse with artificial inoculation using Xoo strains III, IV, and VIII with bacterial suspension at 108 cfu.mL−1. The results showed that the response of cv Pandanwangi to Xoo infection was different from the strain of Xoo. “Pandanwangi” cultivar was susceptible to Xoo strain III and VIII and very susceptible to strain IV.

scholarly journals Discovery of Novel Dihydrolipoamide S-Succinyltransferase Inhibitors Based on Fragment Virtual Screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12953
Author(s):  
Chengqian Wei ◽  
Junjie Huang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Yifang Chen ◽  
Xin Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Screening ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Streak ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Sulfone Derivatives

A series of new oxadiazole sulfone derivatives containing an amide moiety was synthesized based on fragment virtual screening to screen high-efficiency antibacterial agents for rice bacterial diseases. All target compounds showed greater bactericidal activity than commercial bactericides. 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-((5-(methylsulfonyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl)acrylamide (10) showed excellent antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, with EC50 values of 0.36 and 0.53 mg/L, respectively, which were superior to thiodiazole copper (113.38 and 131.54 mg/L) and bismerthiazol (83.07 and 105.90 mg/L). The protective activity of compound 10 against rice bacterial leaf blight and rice bacterial leaf streak was 43.2% and 53.6%, respectively, which was superior to that of JHXJZ (34.1% and 26.4%) and thiodiazole copper (33.0% and 30.2%). The curative activity of compound 10 against rice bacterial leaf blight and rice bacterial leaf streak was 44.5% and 51.7%, respectively, which was superior to that of JHXJZ (32.6% and 24.4%) and thiodiazole copper (27.1% and 28.6%). Moreover, compound 10 might inhibit the growth of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola by affecting the extracellular polysaccharides, destroying cell membranes, and inhibiting the enzyme activity of dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase.

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) mediated defence induction against bacterial leaf blight: probing through chlorophyll a fluorescence induction O–J–I–P transients

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasmita ◽  
Harekrushna Swain ◽  
Anuprita Ray ◽  
Pradipta K. Mohapatra ◽  
Ramani K. Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is a serious threat for rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The pathogen mainly damages the leaf chlorophyllous tissue, resulting in poor photosynthesis and causing up to 50% reductions in grain yield. In the present work, we have compared the structural and functional ability of the chloroplast of three varieties of rice with different degrees of susceptibility (TN1, highly susceptible; IR-20, moderately resistant; DV-85, resistant to BLB) treated with riboflavin (1 and 2 mM) and infected with BLB, with chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool. As indicated by the chlorophyll fluorescence technique, the disease progress curve and yield data, riboflavin acted as an effective vitamin for inducing resistance against BLB. Plants treated with riboflavin showed improved PSII activity, more chlorophyll content and higher yield than the diseased plants.

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