Diversity of Bacteriophages Infecting Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Paddy Fields and Its Potential to Control Bacterial Leaf Blight of Rice

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 740-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Chan Chae ◽  
Nguyen Bao Hung ◽  
Sang-Mi Yu ◽  
Ha Kyung Lee ◽  
Yong Hoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight

scholarly journals Response of a local rice variety Pandanwangi to infection of bacterial leaf blight Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae strain III, IV, and VIII

2021 ◽  
Vol 905 (1) ◽  
pp. 012068
Author(s):  
Hadiwiyono ◽  
S H Poromarto ◽  
S Widono ◽  
R F Rizal
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
West Java ◽  
Local Cultivar

Abstract Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the limiting factors in rice production. A local cultivar, rice “Pandanwangi” is a superior variety much preferred and cultivated by the farmers in Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. The information about the response of “Pandangwangi” to Xoo is still poorly understood. This paper reports the results of the evaluation of “Pandanwangi” response against BLB. This research was conducted in a greenhouse with artificial inoculation using Xoo strains III, IV, and VIII with bacterial suspension at 108 cfu.mL−1. The results showed that the response of cv Pandanwangi to Xoo infection was different from the strain of Xoo. “Pandanwangi” cultivar was susceptible to Xoo strain III and VIII and very susceptible to strain IV.

scholarly journals Discovery of Novel Dihydrolipoamide S-Succinyltransferase Inhibitors Based on Fragment Virtual Screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12953
Author(s):  
Chengqian Wei ◽  
Junjie Huang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Yifang Chen ◽  
Xin Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Screening ◽  
Antibacterial Agents ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Streak ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Sulfone Derivatives

A series of new oxadiazole sulfone derivatives containing an amide moiety was synthesized based on fragment virtual screening to screen high-efficiency antibacterial agents for rice bacterial diseases. All target compounds showed greater bactericidal activity than commercial bactericides. 3-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-((5-(methylsulfonyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl)acrylamide (10) showed excellent antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, with EC50 values of 0.36 and 0.53 mg/L, respectively, which were superior to thiodiazole copper (113.38 and 131.54 mg/L) and bismerthiazol (83.07 and 105.90 mg/L). The protective activity of compound 10 against rice bacterial leaf blight and rice bacterial leaf streak was 43.2% and 53.6%, respectively, which was superior to that of JHXJZ (34.1% and 26.4%) and thiodiazole copper (33.0% and 30.2%). The curative activity of compound 10 against rice bacterial leaf blight and rice bacterial leaf streak was 44.5% and 51.7%, respectively, which was superior to that of JHXJZ (32.6% and 24.4%) and thiodiazole copper (27.1% and 28.6%). Moreover, compound 10 might inhibit the growth of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola by affecting the extracellular polysaccharides, destroying cell membranes, and inhibiting the enzyme activity of dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase.

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) mediated defence induction against bacterial leaf blight: probing through chlorophyll a fluorescence induction O–J–I–P transients

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasmita ◽  
Harekrushna Swain ◽  
Anuprita Ray ◽  
Pradipta K. Mohapatra ◽  
Ramani K. Sarkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is a serious threat for rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. The pathogen mainly damages the leaf chlorophyllous tissue, resulting in poor photosynthesis and causing up to 50% reductions in grain yield. In the present work, we have compared the structural and functional ability of the chloroplast of three varieties of rice with different degrees of susceptibility (TN1, highly susceptible; IR-20, moderately resistant; DV-85, resistant to BLB) treated with riboflavin (1 and 2 mM) and infected with BLB, with chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool. As indicated by the chlorophyll fluorescence technique, the disease progress curve and yield data, riboflavin acted as an effective vitamin for inducing resistance against BLB. Plants treated with riboflavin showed improved PSII activity, more chlorophyll content and higher yield than the diseased plants.

scholarly journals Mapping bacterial leaf blight disease of rice (Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae) in North Sumatra

2020 ◽  
Vol 454 ◽  
pp. 012160
Author(s):  
Safrizal ◽  
Lisnawita ◽  
K Lubis ◽  
F J M Maathuis ◽  
I Safni
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
North Sumatra

scholarly journals Antimicrobial peptide melittin against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, the bacterial leaf blight pathogen in rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 5059-5067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Shi ◽  
Caiyun Li ◽  
Man Li ◽  
Xicui Zong ◽  
Dongju Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptide ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight

scholarly journals Selection Resistance of Rice Germplasm Accessions to Bacterial Leaf Blight

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dini Yuliani ◽  
Rina H. Wening ◽  
NFN Sudir
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Oryzae ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

<p>Seleksi Ketahanan Aksesi Plasma Nutfah Padi terhadap Hawar Daun Bakteri. Dini Yuliani, Rina H. Wening, dan Sudir. Usaha budi daya tanaman padi di Indonesia selalu dihadapkan pada berbagai kendala, di antaranya serangan penyakit hawar daun bakteri (HDB) yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Pengendalian penyakit HDB dengan varietas tahan merupakan salah satu teknik yang murah dan mudah dilakukan oleh petani padi. Aksesi plasma nutfah sebagai sumber tetua untuk perakitan varietas tahan perlu diketahui reaksi ketahanannya terhadap penyakit HDB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyeleksi ketahanan aksesi plasma nutfah terhadap penyakit HDB patotipe III, IV, dan VIII. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi di Sukamandi, Subang, Jawa Barat pada Musim Hujan 2012/2013 dan Musim Kemarau 2013 dengan Rancangan Acak Terpisah. Petak utama adalah tiga patotipe Xoo, yaitu patotipe III, IV, dan VIII. Sedangkan anak petak adalah materi yang diuji, yaitu 20 aksesi plasma nutfah dan tiga varietas pembanding. Sebanyak 20 rumpun tanaman per petak diinokulasi Xoo dengan metode pengguntingan. Inokulasi dilakukan pada saat pertanaman menjelang stadium primordia. Ujung-ujung daun digunting sepanjang kira-kira 10 cm dari ujung daun dengan gunting inokulasi yang berisi suspensi bakteri Xoo umur 48 jam dengan kepekatan 108 cfu. Pengamatan keparahan penyakit HDB dilakukan dengan mengukur panjang gejala terpanjang pada umur dua, tiga, dan empat minggu setelah inokulasi. Hasil pengujian ketahanan terhadap HDB patotipe III, IV, dan VIII diperoleh tiga aksesi plasma nutfah yang berasal dari galur isogenik menunjukkan keparahan penyakit HDB tidak berbeda nyata dengan varietas pembanding tahan Angke pada dua musim tanam. Galur isogenik tersebut, yaitu IRBB 55, IRBB 60, dan IRBB 61. Ketiga galur isogenik tersebut dapat dijadikan tetua tahan dalam perakitan varietas unggul baru tahan HDB.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Rice cultivation in Indonesia has been faced with many obstacles, including the attack of bacterial leaf blight (BLB) that caused by bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Resistant variety was considered as the cheap technique to control BLB disease and could be used by rice farmers. Germplasm accessions as a source to build resistant varieties must be known their resistance to BLB disease. This study aimed at selecting the resistance germplasm accessions to BLB pathotype III, IV, and VIII. The study was conducted at the Experimental Station of the Indonesian Center for Rice Research in Sukamandi, Subang, West Java at wet season 2012/2013 and dry season 2013 with Split Plot Design. The main plot was three pathotypes Xoo i.e. pathotype III, IV, and VIII. The subplot was 20 germplasm accessions and three check varieties. A total of 20 hills of rice plants per plot were inoculated by Xoo with cutting method. Inoculation was conducted before the primordia stage. Inoculation of bacterial suspension containing Xoo aged 48 hours at a concentration of 108 cfu. Observations BLB disease severity was done by measuring the longest length of symptoms at the age of two, three, and four weeks after inoculation (WAI). The result showed that three germplasm accessions from near isogenic lines were not significantly different with the check varieties (Angke) in their resistance to Xoo pathotype III, IV, and VIII in two cropping seasons. The isogenic lines were IRBB 55, IRBB 60, and IRBB 61 can be used in the assembly of resistant new varieties to BLB.</p>

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