scholarly journals Characterization of Agrobacterium vitis Strains Isolated from Feral Vitis riparia

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Burr ◽  
C. L. Reid ◽  
C. E. Adams ◽  
E. A. Momol
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Agrobacterium Vitis ◽  
Control Activity ◽  
Vitis Riparia ◽  
23S Rrna Genes ◽  
Physiological Tests

Agrobacterium vitis was isolated from roots of 41 of 66 feral Vitis riparia vines collected in three different regions of New York State. Two of the regions were more than 150 km from commercial vineyards. The strains were highly diverse as determined by DNA fingerprinting of the chromosomal region lying between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes. Of 24 strains examined, 15 different fingerprints were generated, and none was identical to fingerprints generated by previously identified groups of tumorigenic A. vitis strains. Results of physiological tests that were done to characterize strains from V. riparia conformed closely to those expected for A. vitis, except that 23 of 26 strains did not utilize tartrate. All strains were nontumorigenic, did not hybridize with a probe consisting of T-DNA genes, did not utilize octopine or nopaline, and carried zero to three plasmids. Of 26 strains, 7 inhibited A. vitis strain K306 from causing galls at wound sites on grape as well as or better than a previously studied nontumorigenic A. vitis strain, F2/5, that is known to have biological control activity.

scholarly journals Construction and Initial Characterization of Escherichia coli Strains with Few or No Intact Chromosomal rRNA Operons

1999 ◽  
Vol 181 (12) ◽  
pp. 3803-3809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuneaki Asai ◽  
Ciarán Condon ◽  
Justina Voulgaris ◽  
Dmitry Zaporojets ◽  
Binghua Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rrna Operon ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Multicopy Plasmid ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
23S Rrna Genes

ABSTRACT The Escherichia coli genome carries seven rRNA (rrn) operons, each containing three rRNA genes. The presence of multiple operons has been an obstacle to many studies of rRNA because the effect of mutations in one operon is diluted by the six remaining wild-type copies. To create a tool useful for manipulating rRNA, we sequentially inactivated from one to all seven of these operons with deletions spanning the 16S and 23S rRNA genes. In the final strain, carrying no intact rRNA operon on the chromosome, rRNA molecules were expressed from a multicopy plasmid containing a single rRNA operon (prrn). Characterization of these rrndeletion strains revealed that deletion of two operons was required to observe a reduction in the growth rate and rRNA/protein ratio. When the number of deletions was extended from three to six, the decrease in the growth rate was slightly more than the decrease in the rRNA/protein ratio, suggesting that ribosome efficiency was reduced. This reduction was most pronounced in the Δ7 prrn strain, in which the growth rate, unlike the rRNA/protein ratio, was not completely restored to wild-type levels by a cloned rRNA operon. The decreases in growth rate and rRNA/protein ratio were surprisingly moderate in the rrndeletion strains; the presence of even a single operon on the chromosome was able to produce as much as 56% of wild-type levels of rRNA. We discuss possible applications of these strains in rRNA studies.

scholarly journals Characterization of Agrobacterium vitis Strains Isolated from Turkish Grape Cultivars in the Central Anatolia Region

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Argun ◽  
M. T. Momol ◽  
S. Maden ◽  
E. A. Momol ◽  
C. L. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crown Gall ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
Central Anatolia ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Digestion ◽  
Agrobacterium Vitis ◽  
Intergenic Spacer Region ◽  
Ti Plasmids ◽  
Physiological Tests

Crown gall was detected in several vineyards in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. Vineyards were planted to cultivars of grape that originated in Turkey and that were not grafted. The predominant species isolated from galls consisted of tumorigenic strains of Agrobacterium vitis. They were identified based on reactions to standard biochemical and physiological tests, by polymerase chain reaction amplification of specific Ti plasmid and chromosomal sequences, and by reaction to a species-specific monoclonal antibody. All strains utilized octopine, suggesting that they may carry similar types of Ti plasmids. Some of the strains exhibited a differential host range compared with others and were less virulent based on the numbers of galls that they induced on grape. When grapevines were treated with nontumorigenic A. vitis strain F2/5 prior to inoculation with the Turkish A. vitis strains, crown gall was effectively controlled. The genetic diversity of strains was evaluated by comparing DNA fingerprints that were generated by restriction enzyme digestion of the intergenic spacer region that lies between 16S and 23S rRNA genes. They segregated into two main groups, one that is similar to previously identified A. vitis strains carrying octopine type Ti plasmids and one that was more similar to strains carrying nopaline and vitopine Ti plasmids. The strains of A. vitis from Turkey may represent ancestral forms of the pathogen that will provide insight into the evolution of the bacterium.

Molecular characterization of intervening sequences in 23S rRNA genes and 23S rRNA fragmentation in Taylorella equigenitalis

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tazumi ◽  
T. Sekizuka ◽  
J. E. Moore ◽  
B. C. Millar ◽  
I. Taneike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Taylorella Equigenitalis ◽  
Intervening Sequences ◽  
23S Rrna Genes

Public networks for SME applications: implications for future SME networks

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-159
Author(s):  
Dong-Hee Shin
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
New York State ◽  
Network Development ◽  
York State ◽  
Public Network ◽  
Out Of The Loop ◽  
Public Networks

I discuss experiences in the development of four broadband public networking projects in New York State in order to see an implication for future small or medium-sized enterprise over such public networks. The projects were funded under a state program to diffuse broadband/advanced telecommunication technologies in economically depressed areas of the state. Through the broadband networks, I critically argue characterization of next generation public network (NGPN) in reference to small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). I identify several facets of an NGPN drawing on a longitudinal study of the network development in four New York communities. As broadband public networks diffuse, small businesses being left out of the loop. The idea of SME application and service may itself be at risk. My approach to the socio-technical challenges involved in the design and development of broadband public networks is outlined.

Demonstration of the absence of intervening sequences within 23S rRNA genes fromCampylobacter lari

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Tazumi ◽  
Yuki Kakinuma ◽  
John E. Moore ◽  
Cherie B. Millar ◽  
Ikue Taneike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rrna Genes ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Intervening Sequences ◽  
23S Rrna Genes

scholarly journals tRNA genes are found between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes in Bacillus subtilis

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1607-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Loughney ◽  
Elsebet Lund ◽  
James E. Dahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Trna Genes ◽  
23S Rrna Genes

scholarly journals Spontaneous Erythromycin Resistance Mutation in a 23S rRNA Gene, rrlA, of the Extreme Thermophile Thermus thermophilus IB-21

2001 ◽  
Vol 183 (14) ◽  
pp. 4382-4385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven T. Gregory ◽  
Jamie H. D. Cate ◽  
Albert E. Dahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Thermus Thermophilus ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Erythromycin Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
23S Rrna Genes

ABSTRACT Spontaneous, erythromycin-resistant mutants of Thermus thermophilus IB-21 were isolated and found to carry the mutation A2058G in one of two 23S rRNA operons. The heterozygosity of these mutants indicates that A2058G confers a dominant or codominant phenotype in this organism. This mutation provides a valuable tool for the genetic manipulation of the 23S rRNA genes ofThermus.

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