In Vitro Inoculation of Western White Pine Tissue Culture Propagules with Vegetative Hyphae ofCronartium ribicola

Bark beetles carry a number of associated organisms that are transferred to the host tree upon attack that are thought to play a role in tree decline. To assess the pathogenicity to western white pine (WWP; Pinus monticola) of fungi carried by the mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae), and to evaluate the potential for systemic prophylactic treatments for reducing fungal impacts, experiments were conducted with WWP seedlings to meet three objectives: 1) evaluate pathogenicity of two MPB-associated blue-stain fungi; 2) evaluate phytotoxicity of tree injection products; 3) evaluate the anti-fungal activity of tree injection products, in vitro and in vivo, toward the associated blue-staining fungi. To evaluate pathogenicity, seedlings were inoculated with Grosmannia clavigera or Leptographium longiclavatum, common fungal associates of MPB. Seedling mortality at four months after inoculation was 50% with L. longiclavatum and 90% with G. clavigera, both significantly higher than controls and thereby demonstrating pathogenicity. Phytotoxic effects of TREE-äge®, Alamo®, and Arbotect® were evaluated by stem injection; no phytotoxic effects were observed. Anti-fungal properties of the same three products were evaluated in vitro against G. clavigera, where Alamo was most active. Co-inoculation of G. clavigera and L. longiclavatum into seedlings after a stem injection of Alamo showed significantly less mortality and lesion formation than either species alone. Results support the hypothesis that MPB blue-stain associates, particularly G. clavigera, promote death of WWP when attacked by MPB. These findings suggest that the administration of a fungicide with insecticide for tree protection against bark beetles may be advantageous.

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In vivo verification of Cronartium ribicola propagated on tissue cultures of Pinus monticola

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b70-214 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 48 (7) ◽

pp. 1429-1430 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. E. Harvey ◽

J. L. Grasham

Keyword(s):

Infected Tissue ◽

Cronartium Ribicola ◽

Tissue Cultures ◽

Pinus Monticola ◽

White Pine ◽

Rust Infection ◽

Western White Pine ◽

Host Tissues

Inoculations of western white pine seedling stems with rust-infected tissue cultures produced one successful rust infection after 5 months. The infection was typical of this rust (Cronartium ribicola J. C. Fisch. ex Rabenh.) and the presence of haustoria was confirmed. Infected cortex tissue from this seedling was used to reestablish the isolate on host tissues grown in vitro.

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Evaluation of somatic embryogenesis for clonal propagation of western white pine

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x00-115 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 30 (12) ◽

pp. 1867-1876 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

R E Percy ◽

K Klimaszewska ◽

D R Cyr

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Somatic Embryos ◽

Clonal Propagation ◽

Embryogenic Tissue ◽

Zygotic Embryos ◽

Pinus Monticola ◽

White Pine ◽

Western White Pine ◽

Embryogenic Lines

A multiyear program was undertaken to develop a somatic embryogenesis system for clonal propagation of western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.). Developing seeds were used to initiate embryogenic lines from families used in blister-rust (Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch.) resistance breeding programs in British Columbia. The most responsive seeds contained zygotic embryos ranging in development from late cleavage polyembryony to the early dominance stage. Overall, 14 of 15 open-pollinated families produced embryogenic lines. The best results (0.8-6.7% initiation) were obtained using modified Litvay medium with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-benzyladenine (BA) at 2.25 µM. Proliferation of embryogenic tissue was enhanced by culturing tissue as a thin layer on filter paper supports. Approximately 300 lines representing 18 open- and control-pollinated families were cryopreserved. The highest number of mature somatic embryos was obtained on maturation medium containing 120 µM abscisic acid, 180 mM sucrose, and 1.0% gellan gum. Of 61 lines tested on this medium, 77% produced mature somatic embryos. In vitro germination and early growth occurred at a high frequency (90-95%), and plants from 45 genotypes were subsequently transferred to a greenhouse.

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Sensitivity of Populus tremuloides to toxic metabolites of Hypoxylon mammatum and susceptibility to H. mammatum infection

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b93-155 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 71 (10) ◽

pp. 1298-1303 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Brian M. Kruger ◽

Paul D. Manion

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Populus Tremuloides ◽

Significant Variation ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Toxic Metabolites ◽

Disease Condition ◽

In Vitro Inoculation ◽

Hypoxylon Mammatum ◽

Growth Of Fungi

The response of 17 aspen tissue culture clones to bioassays with metabolites of Hypoxylon mammatum and in vitro inoculation with H. mammatum ascospores was determined. Although statistically significant variation among aspen clones was observed in response to both bioassays, response of the clones to the assays was not related (r = 0.361). This suggests that H. mammatum metabolites are not essential for the infection of tissue cultured aspen. Forty plantation-grown aspen differing in response to natural H. mammatum infection were also tested for sensitivity to metabolites of H. mammatum. Large differences in the sensitivity of the clones to the metabolites were observed, but these differences were not related to the disease condition of the clones. The toxic metabolites isolated from H. mammatum had no effect on the growth of fungi isolated from healthy aspen stems. Overall, these results suggest that the sensitivity of aspen to H. mammatum toxic metabolites is only one of the several factors influencing susceptibility. Key words: Populus tremuloides, Hypoxylon mammatum, phytotoxin.

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RAPID IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF WESTERN GHATS CULTIVAR - COLOCASIA ESCULENTA FOR THE HIGH FREQUENCY OF PLANTLETS

Journal of Drug Discovery and Therapeutics ◽

10.32553/jddt.v7i2.447 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jyothi R ◽

Srinivasa Murthy K M ◽

Hossein . ◽

Veena .

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Colocasia Esculenta ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Rapid Multiplication ◽

Medical Plant ◽

Total Fat ◽

Planting Materials

Colocasia esculenta is commonly known as Taro, it is referred to as cocoyam in Nigeria. They are cherished for their rich taste, nutritional and medicinal properties. Every 100 g of taro corms possess 112 Kcal, 26.46 g carbohydrate, 1.50 g protein, 0.20 g total fat and 4.1g fiber (USDA National Nutrient Data Base). Besides its nutritional value, taro is used as a medical plant and provides bioactive compounds used as an anti-cancer drugs. Traditionally, cocoyams are vegetative propagated from tuber fragments, a practice that encourages pathogen distribution. Colocasia esculenta is a widely distributed food crop in the humid tropics and subtropics. Despite of its wide distribution, Taro plants are commonly infected with DsMV and other pathogens. This virus induces conspicuous mosaic, malformation, dwarfing or feathering on leaves in taro. As the results of infection, it reduces the quality and yield of taro production greatly. This virus is thus considered as a major limiting factor in the production of taro. Here plays the importance of tissue culture plays a major role in producing the disease resistant plants round the year with high quality. For rapid multiplication and production of quality planting materials, tissue culture technology offers promising alternative compared to the traditional production methods. KEYWORDS: Colocasia esculenta, Virus, Pathogens, Conventional propagation, Micropropagation, Yield, Rapid multiplication, Quality

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STUDIES ON THE GROWTH OF EXPERIMENTAL OVARIAN TUMOURS IN TISSUE CULTURE

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.xxxii0041 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol XXXII (I) ◽

pp. 41-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Stig Kullander ◽

Bengt Källén

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Granulosa Cell ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Ovarian Tumours

ABSTRACT An in vitro study has been made of experimentally produced rat ovarian tumours of different age, paying particular attention to tumour reaction to crystallized steroids. Tumours of two histological structures were found: granulosa cell – luteoma tumours and arrhenoblastoma tumours. Both types grew in vitro and pictures of their cell appearance are given. The former type gave the best growth, and the endocrine studies were restricted to this type. The steroids tested (androsterone, oestrone, progesterone) all had an arresting effect in certain cases. This effect is not an unspecific, toxic one. The different tumours react to different extents, some being completely unaffected.

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