Effects of a multi‐component school‐based intervention on health markers, body composition, physical fitness, and psychological measures in overweight adolescent females

Regular exercise during school hours is encouraged since childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions. Moreover, a great majority of adolescents do not meet the recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. The present study aimed to determine the effects of school-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and nutrition intervention on body composition and physical fitness in overweight adolescent girls. Forty-eight girls were included in the study, of whom 24 (age = 15.5 ± 0.7 years) were randomized to a experimental group (EXP) (HIIT and nutrition intervention school-based program) and 24 (age = 15.7 ± 0.6 years) to a control group (CON) that maintained their usual physical education activities. HIIT consisted of 10 stations of own bodyweight exercise and was done three times per week for eight weeks. Moreover, the EXP participated in the nutrition program led by a nutritionist two times a week. Apart from body composition assessment, participants performed countermovement jump (CMJ), medicine ball throw, hand-grip test, and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Level 1 Test (YYIRT1). A significant effect of group (EXP vs. CON) x time (pre vs. post) interaction was observed for weight [F(1,44) = 7.733; p = 0.008], body mass index [F(1,44) = 5.764; p = 0.020], body fat (in kg) [F(1,44) = 17.850; p < 0.001], and body fat (in %) [F(1,44) = 18.821; p < 0.001]. Moreover, a significant interaction was observed for the medicine ball throw [F(1,44) = 27.016; p < 0.001] and YYIRT1 [F(1,44) = 5.439; p = 0.024]. A significant main effect for time was found for hand grip [F(1,44) = 9.300; p = 0.004] and CMJ [F(1,44) = 12.866; p = 0.001].The present study has demonstrated that just eight weeks school-based HIIT and nutrition intervention, including three sessions a week, can improve body composition and muscular and physical aerobic performance in overweighted adolescent girls.

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Effectiveness of a 5-year school-based intervention programme to reduce adiposity and improve fitness and lifestyle in Indian children; the SYM-KEM study

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2015-308673 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 101 (1) ◽

pp. 33-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sheila Bhave ◽

Anand Pandit ◽

Rajiv Yeravdekar ◽

Vaishali Madkaikar ◽

Trushna Chinchwade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Intervention Programme ◽

Indian Children ◽

School Based Intervention ◽

Breathing Exercises ◽

School Based ◽

Watching Tv

DesignNon-randomised non-blinded school-based intervention study.SettingTwo schools in the cities of Pune and Nasik, India.ParticipantsThe intervention group comprised children attending a Pune school from 7–10 years until 12–15 years of age. Two control groups comprised children of the same age attending a similar school in Nasik, and children in the Pune intervention school but aged 12–15 years at the start of the study.InterventionA 5-year multi-intervention programme, covering three domains: physical activity, diet and general health, and including increased extracurricular and intracurricular physical activity sessions; daily yoga-based breathing exercises; making physical activity a ‘scoring’ subject; nutrition education; healthier school meals; removal of fast-food hawkers from the school environs; and health and nutrition education for teachers, pupils and families.Main outcome measuresBody mass index (BMI), waist circumference, physical fitness according to simple tests of strength, flexibility and endurance; diet; and lifestyle indicators (time watching TV, studying and actively playing).ResultsAfter 5 years the intervention children were fitter than controls in running, long jump, sit-up and push-up tests (p<0.05 for all). They reported spending less time sedentary (watching TV and studying), more time actively playing and eating fruit more often (p<0.05). The intervention did not reduce BMI or the prevalence of overweight/obesity, but waist circumference was lower than in the Pune controls (p=0.004).ConclusionsIt was possible to achieve multiple health-promoting changes in an academically competitive Indian school. These changes resulted in improved physical fitness, but had no impact on the children's BMI or on the prevalence of overweight/obesity.

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School-Based Intervention Programs for Preventing Obesity and Promoting Physical Activity and Fitness: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17010347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 347 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Hidayet Suha Yuksel ◽

Fatma Neşe Şahin ◽

Nebojsa Maksimovic ◽

Patrik Drid ◽

Antonino Bianco

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Content Quality ◽

School Based Intervention ◽

School Based ◽

Promotion Of Physical Activity ◽

School Based Interventions

With the significant decrease in physical activity rates, the importance of intervention programs in the schools, where children spend a significant part of the day, has become indisputable. The purpose of this review is to systematically examine the possibility of school-based interventions on promoting physical activity and physical fitness as well as preventing obesity. A systematic approach adopting PRISMA statement was implemented in this study. Three different databases (2010–2019) were screened and primary and secondary school-based intervention programs measuring at least one variable of obesity, physical activity, or physical fitness were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the validated quality assessment tool for quantitative studies. Among 395 potentially related studies, 19 studies were found to meet the eligibility criteria. A general look at the studies examined reveals that among the outcomes, of which most (18/19) were examined, a significant improvement was provided in at least one of them. When the program details are examined, it can be said that the success rate of the physical activity-oriented programs is higher in all variables. School-based interventions can have important potential for obesity prevention and promotion of physical activity and fitness if they focus more on the content, quality, duration and priority of the physical activity.

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Two years of school-based intervention program could improve the physical fitness among Ecuadorian adolescents at health risk: subgroups analysis from a cluster-randomized trial

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-016-0588-8 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Susana Andrade ◽

Carl Lachat ◽

Greet Cardon ◽

Angélica Ochoa-Avilés ◽

Roosmarijn Verstraeten ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Risk ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Randomized Trial ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Cluster Randomized Trial ◽

School Based Intervention ◽

School Based ◽

Cluster Randomized

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A school-based intervention improves physical fitness in Ecuadorian adolescents: a cluster-randomized controlled trial

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s12966-014-0153-5 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Susana Andrade ◽

Carl Lachat ◽

Angelica Ochoa-Aviles ◽

Roosmarijn Verstraeten ◽

Lieven Huybregts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

School Based Intervention ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

School Based ◽

Cluster Randomized

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Impact of a School-Based Physical Activity Intervention on Fitness and Bone in Adolescent Females

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.4.1.17 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 17-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Margaret Schneider ◽

Genevieve F. Dunton ◽

Stan Bassin ◽

Dan J. Graham ◽

Alon Eliakim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bone Turnover ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Thoracic Spine ◽

Adolescent Females ◽

Cardiovascular Fitness ◽

Mineral Density ◽

School Based Intervention ◽

School Based ◽

The Impact

Background:Many female adolescents participate in insufficient physical activity to maintain cardiovascular fitness and promote optimal bone growth. This study evaluates the impact of a school-based intervention on fitness, activity, and bone among adolescent females.Methods:Subjects were assigned to an intervention (n = 63) or comparison (n = 59) group, and underwent assessments of cardiovascular fitness (VO2peak), physical activity, body composition, bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and serum markers of bone turnover at baseline and at the end of each of two school semesters.Results:The intervention increased physical activity, VO2peak, and BMC for the thoracic spine (P values < 0.05). Bone turnover markers were not affected. In longitudinal analyses of the combined groups, improvements in cardiovascular fitness predicted increased bone formation (P < 0.01) and bone resorption (P < 0.05).Conclusion:A school-based intervention for adolescent females effectively increased physical activity, cardiovascular fitness, and thoracic spine BMC.

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