scholarly journals Aqueous extract of Acanthopanax divaricatus var. chiisanensis ameliorates blood pressure through a nitric oxide‐dependent mechanism: in vivo and in vitro studies (681.10)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo‐yeon Park ◽  
Gyeong‐Min Do ◽  
Jae Ho Shin ◽  
Oran Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

Effect of Peganum Harmala Seeds Extract on Nitric Oxide in U937 Monocytes and Macrophages

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Rahmati ◽  
Fatemeh Hajighasemi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
No Production ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background and Aims: Nitric oxide (NO) has an essential role in inflammation and has been related to pathogenesis and the progress of numerous inflammatory-based diseases, including some cancers. Peganum harmala (P. harmala) is a medicinal plant used for the treatment of numerous diseases such as several infections. Also, anti-inflammatory effects of P. harmala extracts and its derivatives (harmaline and harmine) by suppressing myeloperoxidase, NO, and other mediators have been demonstrated in vivo. In this study, the effect of P. harmala seeds aqueous extract on NO production in U937 monocytic cells and peritoneal macrophages has been evaluated in vitro. Materials and Methods: U937 and mice peritoneal macrophages were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial institute-1640 with 10% fetal calf serum. Then, the cells at the logarithmic growth phase were incubated with different concentrations of aqueous extract of P. harmala seeds (0.1-1 mg/ml) for 24 hours. Next, NO production was assessed by the Griess method in the culture medium. Results: P. harmala seeds aqueous extract did not significantly affect lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in U937 cells and peritoneal macrophages after 24 hours incubation time compared with untreated control cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of P. harmala may be mediated through NO-independent mechanism(s). However, further studies are warranted to define the P. harmala aqueous extract impact on NO expression in other related normal and cancerous cells.

scholarly journals Functional contribution of P2Y1receptors to the control of coronary blood flow

2011 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 1744-1750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn B. Bender ◽  
Zachary C. Berwick ◽  
M. Harold Laughlin ◽  
Johnathan D. Tune
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow ◽  
Coronary Vasodilation ◽  
Pressure Flow ◽  
Coronary Pressure ◽  
Mrs 2179 ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

Activation of ADP-sensitive P2Y1receptors has been proposed as an integral step in the putative “nucleotide axis” regulating coronary blood flow. However, the specific mechanism(s) and overall contribution of P2Y1receptors to the control of coronary blood flow have not been clearly defined. Using vertically integrative studies in isolated coronary arterioles and open-chest anesthetized dogs, we examined the hypothesis that P2Y1receptors induce coronary vasodilation via an endothelium-dependent mechanism and contribute to coronary pressure-flow autoregulation and/or ischemic coronary vasodilation. Immunohistochemistry revealed P2Y1receptor expression in coronary arteriolar endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. The ADP analog 2-methylthio-ADP induced arteriolar dilation in vitro and in vivo that was abolished by the selective P2Y1antagonist MRS-2179 and the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. MRS-2179 did not alter baseline coronary flow in vivo but significantly attenuated coronary vasodilation to ATP in vitro and in vivo and the nonhydrolyzable ATP analog ATPγS in vitro. Coronary blood flow responses to alterations in coronary perfusion pressure (40–100 mmHg) or to a brief 15-s coronary artery occlusion were unaffected by MRS-2179. Our data reveal that P2Y1receptors are functionally expressed in the coronary circulation and that activation produces coronary vasodilation via an endothelium/nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Although these receptors represent a critical component of purinergic coronary vasodilation, our findings indicate that P2Y1receptor activation is not required for coronary pressure-flow autoregulation or reactive hyperemia.

scholarly journals Factors Regulating Nitric Oxide Production in Piper Sarmentosum Aqueous Extract Treated Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maizura Mohd Zainudin ◽  
Taher F T Elshami ◽  
Hidayatul Radziah Ismawi ◽  
Fatimatuzzhara Hashim Fauzy
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
No Production ◽  
Invasive Blood Pressure Monitoring

Introduction: High blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases which is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Piper sarmentosum (PS) leaves have been widely used in traditional medicine and it has been proven for its antihypertensive and antioxidant effects. This study aims to evaluate the antihypertensive potential of PS aqueous extract (PSAE) and to investigate the factors modulating nitric oxide (NO) production through its anti-oxidant activities. Materials and Methods: PS leaves were extracted with distilled water and freezedried. The PSAE was examined to quantify their antioxidant activities through DPPH and FRAP test. It is also screened for total phenolic and flavonoids content. The antihypertensive effect of PSAE in SHR was evaluated using four different groups (n=6); C group (negative control), K group (PSAE 500mg/kg), P group (3 mg/kg perindopril) and M group (PSAE + 1.5 mg/kg perindopril). PSAE and other treatment were given via oral gavage for 28 consecutive days. The blood pressure and heart rate were determined using the non-invasive blood pressure monitoring (NIBPM) tail cuff technique and recorded weekly for four weeks. SHR’s blood was collected for the determination of serum NO level using Griess assay. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and arginine levels were determined using HPLC. Results: PSAE shows good in-vitro antioxidant activities with significant reduction of BP and decreased serum ADMA level. Conclusion: PSAE enhances the clearance of ADMA that maintains arginine level, thus increasing the serum NO level, which ameliorate the blood pressure of SHR.

scholarly journals The GPR18 Agonist PSB-KD-107 Exerts Endothelium-Dependent Vasorelaxant Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 799
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kotańska ◽  
Monika Kubacka ◽  
Marek Bednarski ◽  
Noemi Nicosia ◽  
Małgorzata Szafarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Vascular Dilatation ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

GPR18 is an orphan GPCR that is activated by the cannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Emerging evidence indicates its involvement in the control of cardiovascular functions, including heart rate, contractility, vascular tone, as well as blood pressure. Therefore, we investigated the effects of selective GPR18 receptor ligands, namely PSB-KD-107 (agonist) and PSB-CB-92 (antagonist), on blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG), and vascular dilatation in vitro and in vivo, as well as their anti-oxidative potential in in vitro ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate free radical (DPPH) assays. Our results clearly show that PSB-KD-107 dilates blood vessels. This effect is related to its activation of GPR18 as it can be blocked by the GPR18 antagonist PSB-CB-92. Moreover, our finding confirms the presence of GPR18 in blood vessels. The mechanism of the vasorelaxant activity of PSB-KD-107 is mainly related to endothelial nitric oxide generation; however, we cannot exclude additional nitric oxide-independent mechanisms or a direct influence on K+ channels. PSB-KD-107 may affect blood pressure and heart function after a single administration; however, this effect was no longer observed after repeated administrations once daily for eight days. PSB-KD-107 does not affect platelet aggregation—an important feature considering the safety of its administration. PSB-KD-107 also shows a significant anti-oxidant effect and further studies of its antioxidant activity in vivo are justified.

N-acetyl-L-cysteine potentiates depressor response to captopril and enalaprilat in SHRs

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (3) ◽  
pp. R767-R772 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Ruiz ◽  
M. G. Salom ◽  
A. C. Ingles ◽  
T. Quesada ◽  
E. Vicente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Sulfhydryl Groups ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Depressor Response ◽  
Antihypertensive Response

Recently, in vivo and in vitro studies have implicated nitric oxide as a mediator of the vascular effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). In the present study we hypothesized that N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), by increasing the availability of reduced sulfhydryl groups, would enhance the antihypertensive response to the ACEIs captopril and enalaprilat by a mechanism dependent on nitric oxide. The experiments were performed on instrumented, indomethacin-pretreated, awake spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Thirty minutes after a bolus of captopril (10 mg/kg iv) was administered, blood pressure decreased from 167 +/- 5 to 147 +/- 6 mmHg (n = 8). The pretreatment with the donor of thiol groups NAC (300 mg/kg iv) potentiated the depressor response to captopril because blood pressure decreased from 172 +/- 3 to 139 +/- 4 mmHg (n = 6). At the dose of 60 micrograms/kg iv, the ACEI enalaprilat did not acutely modify the blood pressure of SHRs (from 172 +/- 5 to 167 +/- 4 mmHg; n = 6). However, when the SHRs were pretreated with NAC, the same dose of enalaprilat significantly reduced blood pressure from 176 +/- 5 to 151 +/- 5 mmHg (n = 6). This potentiation of the depressor response to ACEIs, due to NAC, was not observed when SHRs were pretreated with the nitric oxide inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 50 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 iv). The results of this study suggest that NAC, a donor of sulfhydryl groups, potentiates the antihypertensive response to captopril and enalaprilat in SHR by a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism.

scholarly journals Factors Regulating Nitric Oxide Production in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated with Piper Sarmentosum Aqueous Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zainudin M ◽  
Elshami TFT ◽  
Ismawi HR ◽  
Hashim Fauzy F ◽  
Abdul Razak T
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
No Production ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Freeze Dried

Introduction: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases which is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Piper sarmentosum (PS) has been widely used in traditional medicine with proven antihypertensive and antioxidant effects. This study aims to evaluate the antihypertensive potential of PS aqueous extract (PSAE) and to investigate the factors modulating nitric oxide (NO) production through its anti-oxidant activities. Methods: PS leaves were extracted with distilled water, freeze-dried and examined to quantify their antioxidant activities through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing ability plasma test. The antihypertensive effect of PSAE in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) was evaluated using four different groups (n=6); C (negative control), K (PSAE 500mg/kg), P (3 mg/kg perindopril) and M (PSAE 500 mg/kg + 1.5 mg/kg perindopril). PSAE and other treatments were given via oral gavage for 28 days. The blood pressure (BP) was determined using the non-invasive BP monitoring tail cuff technique and recorded weekly. SHR’s blood was collected to determine the serum NO level using Griess assay. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and arginine levels were determined using high performance liquid chromatography. Results: The extract showed good in-vitro antioxidant activities and a significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic BP compared to control group. They were also a decrease in plasma ADMA and an increase in serum NO level. Meanwhile, arginine level does not change significantly. Conclusion: High in-vitro antioxidant activities in PSAE enhances the clearance of ADMA that leads to an increase in serum NO production hence ameliorating the blood pressure of SHR.

scholarly journals Vasorelaxant-Mediated Antihypertensive Effect of the Leaf Aqueous Extract from Stephania abyssinica (Dillon & A. Rich) Walp (Menispermaceae) in Rat

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Chamberlin Fodem ◽  
Elvine Pami Nguelefack-Mbuyo ◽  
Magloire Kanyou Ndjenda II ◽  
Albert Kamanyi ◽  
Télesphore Benoit Nguelefack
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Calcium Release ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis

Stephania abyssinica is a medicinal plant used in Cameroon alternative medicine to treat arterial hypertension (AHT). Previous in vitro studies demonstrated the endothelium nitric oxide-independent vasorelaxant property of the aqueous extract from Stephania abyssinica (AESA). But its effect on AHT is unknown. The present study was undertaken to explore other vasorelaxant mechanisms and to determine the antihypertensive effects of AESA in male Wistar rats. Phytochemical analysis of AESA was carried out using the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method. The vasorelaxant effects of AESA (1-1000 μg/mL) were studied on rat isolated thoracic aorta rings, in the absence or presence of indomethacin (10 μM) or methylene blue (10 μM). The inhibitory effect of AESA on phenylephrine (PE, 10 μM) or KCl- (60 mM) induced contraction as well as the intracellular calcium release was also evaluated. The in vivo antihypertensive activity of AESA (43, 86, or 172 mg/kg/day) or captopril (20 mg/kg/day) administered orally was assessed in L-NAME- (40 mg/kg/day) treated rats. Blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were measured at the end of each week while serum or urinary nitric oxide (NO), creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were determined at the end of the 6 weeks of treatment, as well as histological analysis of the heart and the kidney. The LC-MS profiling of AESA identified 9 compounds including 7 alkaloids. AESA produced a concentration-dependent relaxation on contraction induced either by PE and KCl, which was significantly reduced in endothelium-denuded vessels, as well as in vessels pretreated with indomethacin and methylene blue. Moreover, AESA inhibited the intracellular Ca2+ release-induced contraction. In vivo, AESA reduced the AHT, heart rate (HR), and ventricular hypertrophy and increased serum NO, urine creatinine, and GFR. AESA also ameliorated heart and kidney lesions as compared to the L-NAME group. These findings supported the use of AESA as a potential antihypertensive drug.

scholarly journals The Effects of Aspalathus linearis (Rooibos Tea) on Nitric Oxide (NO) and Cytokine Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mujeeb Hoosen
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Aspalathus Linearis ◽  
Rooibos Tea ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

African plants have been used for medicinal purposes for many centuries. Many of these African medicinal plants are assumed to be safe but have yet to be scientifically validated. Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) is a commercialised South African tea recognised for its phytopharmaceutical potential. Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) has been gaining popularity globally for its health benefits and accepted as a nutraceutical due to the growing evidence of its efficacy. The bioactive constituents found in Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) have been reported to exert both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity however a few in vitro studies has suggested otherwise. Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) has shown to modify the actions of the immune system by influencing the regulation of messenger molecules like cytokines and nitric oxide however most of these studies have been conducted in vitro with a very few studies reaching in vivo application. Divergent in vitro cell models has shown to produce varying results regarding cytokine and nitric oxide NO activity of Aspalathus linearis (rooibos). This review highlights recent studies on the (NO) and cytokine activities of Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) both in vitro and in vivo. Most studies report on its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity however a few in vitro studies suggests opposite effects which should be considered for prolonged use especially when prescribed in a supplementation form. Many studies have looked at aspects of safety and toxicity of Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) however no complete toxicological studies have been done as yet.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 03 No. 03 July’19. Page: 150-157

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