scholarly journals Low-Dose Erythromycin Reduces Delayed Gastric Emptying and Improves Gastric Motility After Billroth I Pylorus-Preserving Pancreaticoduodenectomy

2001 ◽  
Vol 234 (5) ◽  
pp. 668-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Ohwada ◽  
Yoshihiro Satoh ◽  
Susumu Kawate ◽  
Takayuki Yamada ◽  
Osamu Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Billroth I

scholarly journals Electrogastrography in Delayed Gastric Emptying

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Badriul Hegar ◽  
Yvan Vandenplas
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Myoelectric Activity ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate ◽  
Gastric Myoelectric Activity ◽  
Enteric Nerves ◽  
Gastric Muscle ◽  
Abnormal Rate ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contractions

Disorders of gastric motility are generally manifested by an abnormal rate of gastric emptying. The emptying process of the stomach is very complex, and knowledge is limited to the observation that gastric emptying rate is a highly variable phenomenon, and that delayed gastric emptying is frequently the case. The advances in the knowledge of the physiology of gastric muscle and enteric nerves, and the recognition of the patterns of organization of smooth muscle contractions gave a new input to the study of gastric motility. The gastric emptying can be monitored in various ways, such as manometry, scintigraphy, or electrogastrography (EGG). Recently, EGG has received more attention. There is correlation between the EGG signal obtained from body surface electrodes and signals obtained directly from electrodes locates in the gastric muscle (serosal records). Some studies showed an association between EGG-findings and gastric motility disorders, and indicate that EGG is a reliable, non-invasive, useful method to detect gastric myoelectric activity.

Restraint stress augments postprandial gastric contractions but impairs antropyloric coordination in conscious rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (3) ◽  
pp. R616-R624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiomi Nakade ◽  
Daisuke Tsuchida ◽  
Hiroyuki Fukuda ◽  
Masahiro Iwa ◽  
Theodore N. Pappas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽  
Conscious Rats ◽  
Cholinergic Pathway ◽  
Intracisternal Injection ◽  
Gastric Contractions

Central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays an important role in mediating restraint stress-induced delayed gastric emptying. However, it is unclear how restraint stress modulates gastric motility to delay gastric emptying. Inasmuch as solid gastric emptying is regulated via antropyloric coordination, we hypothesized that restraint stress impairs antropyloric coordination, resulting in delayed solid gastric emptying in conscious rats. Two strain gauge transducers were sutured onto the serosal surface of the antrum and pylorus, and postprandial gastric motility was monitored before, during, and after restraint stress. Antropyloric coordination, defined as a propagated single contraction from the antrum to the pylorus within 10 s, was followed by ≥20 s of quiescence. Restraint stress enhanced postprandial gastric motility in the antrum and pylorus to 140 ± 9% and 134 ± 9% of basal, respectively ( n = 6). The number of episodes of antropyloric coordination before restraint stress, 2.4 ± 0.4/10 min, was significantly reduced to 0.6 ± 0.3/10 min by restraint stress. Intracisternal injection of the CRF type 2 receptor antagonist astressin 2B (60 μg) or guanethidine partially restored restraint stress-induced impairment of antropyloric coordination (1.6 ± 0.3/10 min, n = 6). The restraint stress-induced augmentation of antral and pyloric contractions was increased by astressin 2B and guanethidine but abolished by atropine, hexamethonium, and vagotomy. Restraint stress enhanced postprandial gastric motility via a vagal cholinergic pathway. Restraint stress-induced delay of solid gastric emptying is due to impairment of antropyloric coordination. Restraint stress-induced impairment of antropyloric coordination might be mediated via a central CRF pathway.

scholarly journals Decreased Gastric Motility in Type II Diabetic Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Chun Chiu ◽  
Ming-Chun Kuo ◽  
Christopher K. Rayner ◽  
Jung-Fu Chen ◽  
Keng-Liang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Abdominal Discomfort ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Analogue Scales

Background. To differentiate gastric motility and sensation between type II diabetic patients and controls and explore different expressions of gastric motility peptides.Methods. Eleven type II diabetic patients and health volunteers of similar age and body mass index were invited. All underwent transabdominal ultrasound for gastric motility and visual analogue scales. Blood samples were taken for glucose and plasma peptides (ghrelin, motilin, and glucacon-like peptides-1) by ELISA method.Results. Gastric emptying was significantly slower in diabetic patients than controls (T50: 46.3 (28.0–52.3) min versus 20.8 (9.6–22.8) min,P≤0.05) and less antral contractions in type II diabetic patients were observed(P=0.02). Fundus dimensions did not differ. There were a trend for less changes in gastrointestinal sensations in type II diabetic patients especially abdomen fullness, hunger, and abdominal discomfort. Although the serum peptides between the two groups were similar a trend for less serum GLP-1in type II diabetic patients was observed(P=0.098).Conclusion. Type II diabetic patients have delayed gastric emptying and less antral contractions than controls. The observation that there were lower serum GLP-1 in type II diabetic patients could offer a clue to suggest that delayed gastric emptying in diabetic patients is not mainly influenced by GLP-1.

scholarly journals Effect of gastric acid suppressants on human gastric motility

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
H P Parkman ◽  
J-L C Urbain ◽  
L C Knight ◽  
K L Brown ◽  
D M Trate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Motility Index ◽  
Intravenous Saline ◽  
Antroduodenal Manometry ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Background—The effect of histamine H2receptor antagonists on gastric emptying is controversial.Aims—To determine the effects of ranitidine, famotidine, and omeprazole on gastric motility and emptying.Patients and methods—Fifteen normal subjects underwent simultaneous antroduodenal manometry, electrogastrography (EGG), and gastric emptying with dynamic antral scintigraphy (DAS). After 30 minutes of fasting manometry and EGG recording, subjects received either intravenous saline, ranitidine, or famotidine, followed by another 30 minutes recording and then three hours of postprandial recording after ingestion of a radiolabelled meal. Images were obtained every 10–15 minutes for three hours to measure gastric emptying and assess antral contractility. Similar testing was performed after omeprazole 20 mg daily for one week.Results—Fasting antral phase III migrating motor complexes (MMCs) were more common after ranitidine (9/15 subjects, 60%), famotidine (12/15, 80%), and omeprazole (8/12, 67%) compared with placebo (4/14, 29%; p<0.05). Postprandially, ranitidine, famotidine, and omeprazole slowed gastric emptying, increased the amplitude of DAS contractions, increased the EGG power, and increased the antral manometric motility index.Conclusions—Suppression of gastric acid secretion with therapeutic doses of gastric acid suppressants is associated with delayed gastric emptying but increased antral motility.

scholarly journals Delayed Gastric Emptying after Billroth I Pylorus-Preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy

1999 ◽  
Vol 229 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torahiko Takeda ◽  
Junichi Yoshida ◽  
Masao Tanaka ◽  
Hiroaki Matsunaga ◽  
Koji Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Billroth I

Effects of repeated restraint stress on gastric motility in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (5) ◽  
pp. R1358-R1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zheng ◽  
Anthony Dobner ◽  
Reji Babygirija ◽  
Kirk Ludwig ◽  
Toku Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Plasma Corticosterone ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Adaptation Mechanism ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

In our daily life, individuals encounter with various types of stress. Accumulation of daily life stress (chronic stress) often causes gastrointestinal symptoms and functional gastrointestinal diseases. Although some can adapt toward chronic stress, the adaptation mechanism against chronic stress remains unknown. Although acute stress delays gastric emptying and alters upper gastrointestinal motility, effects of chronic stress on gastric motility still remain unclear. We investigated the effects of acute (single stress) and chronic (repeated stress for 5 consecutive days) stress on solid gastric emptying and interdigestive gastroduodenal contractions in rats. It is well established that acute restraint stress inhibits solid gastric emptying via central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). To investigate whether the sensitivity to CRF is altered following chronic stress, CRF was administered intracisternally. Ghrelin is involved in regulating gastric emptying and upper gastrointestinal motility in rodents. The changes in plasma active ghrelin levels and mRNA expression in the stomach were studied following chronic stress. To evaluate the effects of chronic stress on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, plasma corticosterone levels were also measured. Delayed gastric emptying observed in acute stress was completely restored following chronic stress. Acute stress abolished gastric phase III-like contractions, without affecting duodenal phase III-like contractions in the interdigestive state. Impaired gastric phase III-like contractions were also restored following chronic stress. Plasma ghrelin levels and ghrelin mRNA expression were increased significantly after chronic stress. Intracisternal injection of CRF delayed gastric emptying and impaired gastric motility in rats who received chronic stress. Plasma corticosterone concentrations were no more elevated following chronic stress. The restored gastric emptying following chronic stress was antagonized by the administration of ghrelin receptor antagonists. The adaptation mechanism may involve upregulation of ghrelin expression and attenuation of the HPA axis. In contrast, the sensitivity to central CRF remained unaltered following chronic stress in rats.

Mo1161 Serum Micronutrient Level and Gastric Motility: Delayed Gastric Emptying and Nutritional Deficiencies in Patients With Gastroparesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. S-609
Author(s):  
Archana Kedar ◽  
Yana Nikitina ◽  
Katherine B. Abell ◽  
Vetta Vedanarayanan ◽  
William A. Rock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies

Naloxone and morphine inhibit gastric emptying of solids

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 732-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Champion ◽  
S. N. Sullivan ◽  
M. Chamberlain ◽  
W. Vezina
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Opiate Receptors ◽  
Intravenous Morphine ◽  
Opiate Agonist ◽  
Control Study

Gastric emptying studies were performed on six healthy volunteers using a radioisotope test meal. Each subject was studied three times (control, morphine 7.5 mg, naloxone 2 mg). Both intravenous morphine and intravenous naloxone significantly delayed gastric emptying when compared with the control study. These results suggest that opiate receptors, opiate neurones, and enkephalin may regulate gastric motility and that under certain circumstances naloxone may act as an opiate agonist.

scholarly journals Effect of standardizing the incision line on delayed gastric emptying after laparoscopic gastrectomy: A retrospective preliminary analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Tsukada ◽  
Masahide Kaji ◽  
Jun Kinoshita ◽  
Koichi Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Laparoscopic Gastrectomy ◽  
Delayed Gastric Emptying ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Billroth I ◽  
Billroth I Reconstruction ◽  
Perioperative Bleeding

Background: The use of totally laparoscopic surgery with Billroth-I reconstruction (delta-shaped anastomosis) has rapidly become widespread in recent years. However, we experienced delayed gastric emptying (DGE) in the early period after introduction of this technique. To the best of our knowledge, there are no report mentioned the incision line to prevent DGE in distal gastrectomy. In the present study, we standardized the surgical techniques, including the gastric incision line and compared the short-term results before and after standardization. Methods: A total of 86 patients were enrolled in this study. 28 procedures were performed in the early period and 58 procedures were performed in the late period, and the 2 groups were compared retrospectively. Results: The operation time decreased significantly after standardization from 288 min to 224 min (P &lt; 0.001). The median value of perioperative bleeding volume reduced from 22.5 mL to 12.5 mL (P =0.060). There were no postoperative complications related to the site of anastomosis in either group. 5 cases of DGE (17.8%) was noted in the early period, but only 2 cases (3.4%) in the late period (P =0.022). Conclusions: Standardization of the incision line after laparoscopic gastrectomy resulted in a decline in incidence of DGE.

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