Factors Affecting Indoor Radon Concentrations in the United Kingdom

1993 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Gunby ◽  
S. C. Darby ◽  
J. C. H. Miles ◽  
B. M. R. Green ◽  
D. R. Cox
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Radon Concentrations

scholarly journals A Conceptual Framework Outlining Factors Affecting the Acceptance of Earth as a Sustainable Building Material in the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sharif Zami
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Earth Construction ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

Despite the fact that contemporary earth construction may open up new avenues to cutting down CO2 emissions, a review of literature reveals that there is sparse research to date identifying reasons behind why there may be resistance to earth construction as a sustainable construction material in the United Kingdom. The aim of this paper is to formulate a conceptual framework that facilitates a clearer understanding of factors affecting the acceptance of earth as a sustainable material in the UK. To achieve this aim, this study adopted a research methodological framework comprising of an extensive review of literature, the Delphi technique, and in-depth interviews. The conceptual framework provides insight into factors related to the UK context specifically including a lack of technological innovation, resources, well-established supply chain networks, training facilities in universities and building codes. These issues may be addressed through the promotion of earthen architecture as a method of cutting CO2 emissions and introducing earth construction modules in relevant degree programs. Keywords: conceptual framework, factors, building material, earth, environmental sustainability

REVIEW OF UNITED KINGDOM OIL SPILL RESPONSE TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT

1983 ◽  
Vol 1983 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Douglas Cormack
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Status ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Operational Aspects

ABSTRACT As a result of recent studies in the United Kingdom and elsewhere on the factors affecting oil spilled at sea, it has been possible to redefine the problems presented for oil spill response given the general nature of response techniques and their likely future development. This topic has benefited in the past two years from discussions in the Bonn Agreement Working Group on Technical Scientific and Operational Aspects of Oil Pollution. The influence of this problem definition on the choice of response equipment in the United Kingdom is discussed. The chosen equipment is described in relation to success in meeting identified requirements and likelihood of success in real operations. The status of the various approaches exemplified by individual equipment choices is presented and future developments anticipated.

scholarly journals Commercial factor VIII associated hepatitis, 1974–75, in the United Kingdom: a retrospective survey

1978 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Craske ◽  
P. Kirk ◽  
B. Cohen ◽  
Elise M. Vandervelde
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Retrospective Survey ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Surface Antibody

SummaryA retrospective survey of transfusion hepatitis associated with a brand of commercial Factor VIII was carried out in 24 Haemophilia Centres from January 1974 until December 1975. Of 371 patients who were transfused with this product, and were followed up, 78 cases of hepatitis affecting 66 patients were found (17·7%). Two types of hepatitis were observed: hepatitis B and non-B hepatitis, the latter with an incubation period of between 8 and 60 days. Twelve patients contracted two types of hepatitis, non-B followed by hepatitis B. Only one patient died after contracting hepatitis B. Four of the suspect batches of concentrate were found to be positive for HBsAg by radioimmunoassay.There was evidence that the presence of hepatitis B surface antibody in a patient's serum prior to exposure was associated with immunity to hepatitis B. Evidence was presented suggesting that the non-B hepatitis observed was not due to hepatitis A. The factors affecting the incidence of transfusion hepatitis in haemophiliacs were discussed.

Production, fertility and hatchability of ostrich (Struthio camelus) eggs on a farm in the United Kingdom

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Deeming
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Cause Of Failure ◽  
Breeding Groups

AbstractThe farming of ostriches is well established in South Africa and is gaining in popularity in agriculture around the world but few scientific data are available for rates of egg production and the factors affecting incubation and hatching. Production and hatchability of over 1200 ostrich eggs on a farm in the United Kingdom were recorded during the 1995 season. Females of breeding ages (no. = 43) were kept in 13 enclosures in sex ratios of 1: 1 or 1: 2 (M: F). Productivity of all ostriches over the laying season was 25·2% although when results from individual enclosures, and from individual birds, were examined higher rates of production were achieved although only one bird achieved her full laying potential. As group size increased productivity decreased. Overall fertility was 78·7% although fertility greater than 90% was achieved by females kept in pairs or trios. Larger group sizes had lower fertility. Mean weekly hatchability was only 24·1% with hatch of fertile eggs being 31·9%. Maximum hatchability of eggs produced from an individual female was 73% of fertile eggs. Microbial contamination of eggs was 32·6% and this was the biggest cause of failure to hatch, although rates of contamination varied between females. These results for productivity are similar to those published for ostriches in Israel and South Africa. Hatchability is lower, and microbial contamination is higher than published information although this is the most comprehensive study of ostrich production yet published. Future development of ostrich breeding programmes needs to concentrate on small breeding groups, preferably pairs, and on improvements in nest site hygiene and post-laying egg management.

scholarly journals An Investigation into Indoor Radon Concentrations in Certified Passive House Homes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Mc Carron ◽  
Xianhai Meng ◽  
Shane Colclough
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Radon ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Passive House ◽  
Gas Detectors ◽  
Zero Energy Building ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
House Standard ◽  
Radon Concentrations

The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) has introduced the concept of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) specifying that by 31 December 2020 all new buildings must meet the nearly zero- energy standard, the Passive House standard has emerged as a key enabler for the Nearly Zero Energy Building standard. The combination of Passive House with renewables represents a suitable solution to move to low/zero carbon. The hypothesis in this study is that a certified passive house building with high levels of airtightness with a balanced mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR) should yield lower indoor radon concentrations. This article presents results and analysis of measured radon levels in a total of 97 certified passive house dwellings using CR-393 alpha track diffusion radon gas detectors. The results support the hypothesis that certified passive house buildings present lower radon levels. A striking observation to emerge from the data shows a difference in radon distribution between upstairs and downstairs when compared against regular housing. The study is a first for Ireland and the United Kingdom and it has relevance to a much wider context with the significant growth of the passive house standard globally.

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