Gender Differences in the Clinical Features of Unipolar Major Depressive Disorder

1990 ◽  
Vol 178 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL A. YOUNG ◽  
WILLIAM A. SCHEFTNER ◽  
JAN FAWCETT ◽  
GERALD L. KLERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Major Depressive

Gender differences in major depressive disorder: Results from the Netherlands study of depression and anxiety

2014 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 156-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme J.J. Schuch ◽  
Annelieke M. Roest ◽  
Willem A. Nolen ◽  
Brenda W.J.H. Penninx ◽  
Peter de Jonge
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Major Depressive

Clinical features of the patients with major depressive disorder co-occurring insomnia and hypersomnia symptoms: a report of NSSD study

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 375-381
Author(s):  
Jie Zhao ◽  
Hongmei Liu ◽  
Zhiguo Wu ◽  
Yun Wang ◽  
Tongdan Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Major Depressive

The sunshine induced placebo effect in major depressive disorder patients exhibits gender differences

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S411-S412
Author(s):  
J. Gailledreau ◽  
B. Gailledreau ◽  
P. Desbonnet ◽  
P. Khalifa Soussan ◽  
N. Desbonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Sunny Weather ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Variable Weather

RationaleSunshine increases placebo effect in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients (Gailledreau et al., 2015). Kokras et al. (2014) showed that sunshine induces different responses in female than male mice in preclinical models of depression.ObjectiveTo determine whetehr the sunshine induced placebo effect exhibits gender differences in human.Materiel and methodsData from 9 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies of antidepressants conducted by the French GICIPI network were reviewed. MADRS (5) or HAM-D 17 (4) were used as the main efficacy tool. For each patient, variation of scores (Delta MADRS/Delta HAM-D) between two consecutive visits were correlated with the average sunshine index observed at noon between these visits. Sunshine indexes were provided by Météo-France. Correlations were computed with Microsoft Excel.ResultsAnalysis of both genders (n = 52) showed no statistically significant (NS) correlation (r2 = 0.0064) between sunshine and score variations. Analysis of males (n = 8) failed to demonstrate any significant correlation in cloudy (< 1000 Joules/cm2), variable (1000–2000 Joules/cm2) or sunny (> 2000 Joules/cm2) weather. Analysis of females (n = 44) showed NS correlation as well for cloudy or variable weather (r2 = 0.0016), but a strong correlation was observed for females exposed to sunny weather: r2 = 0, 315, n = 20, P < 0.01. This correlation was even stronger in the subpopulation of females aged less than 50 years: r2 = 0.6398, n = 12, P < 0.001.DiscussionThe hypothesis underlying this correlation between sunshine index and variations of MADRS/HAMD scales will be discussed.ConclusionSunshine increases placebo effect in female patients aged less than 50. This insufficiently known effect may be responsible for failure of a number of double-blind, randomized, studies of antidepressant compounds.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Brain Serotonin Synthesis in Individuals with Major Depressive Disorder: A A-[11C]MT Pet Imaging Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.N. Frey ◽  
I. Skelin ◽  
Y. Sakai ◽  
M. Nishikawa ◽  
M. Diksic
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Brain Serotonin ◽  
Serotonin Synthesis ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Men And Women

Objective:Women are at higher risk than men to develop major depressive disorder (MDD), but the mechanisms underlying the higher risk for MDD in women are unknown. There is a wealth of data showing gender differences in brain morphology and function. In addition, preclinical studies have demonstrated reciprocal relationships between ovarian hormones and serotonin neurotransmission. Thus, gender differences in brain serotonin neurotransmission are potential underlying mechanisms. In the present study, we compared normalized α-[11C]methyl-L-tryptophan brain trapping constant (α-[11C]MTrp K*; ml/g/min), an index of serotonin synthesis, between men and women with MDD.Method:α-[11C]MTrp K* was measured in 25 medication-free individuals with MDD (13 females and 12 males) using positron emission tomography. Comparisons of normalized α-[11C]MTrp K* values between men and women were conducted at the voxel level using Statistical Parametric Mapping 2 (SPM2) analysis.Results:Women with MDD displayed significantly higher (p< 0.005) normalized α-[11C]MTrp K* than men in the inferior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), parahippocampal gyrus, precuneus and superior parietal lobule, and occipital lingual gyrus.Conclusions:This finding suggests that depressive women have higher serotonin synthesis in multiple regions of the prefrontal cortex and limbic system involved with mood regulation. Gender differences in brain serotonin synthesis may be associated with higher risk for MDD in women because extra levels of tissue 5-HT could create non-physiological connections influencing changes in mood.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document