AGING, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, AND EXECUTIVE CONTROL FUNCTION

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. S94
Author(s):  
C H. Hillman ◽  
A Belopolsky ◽  
E M. Snook ◽  
A F. Kramer ◽  
E McAuley
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Executive Control Function

scholarly journals Executive Control Function

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R. Royall ◽  
Edward C. Lauterbach ◽  
Jeffrey L. Cummings ◽  
Allison Reeve ◽  
Teresa A. Rummans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Executive Control Function

The Relation of Childhood Physical Activity and Aerobic Fitness to Brain Function and Cognition: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naiman A. Khan ◽  
Charles H. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Physical Activity ◽  
The Impact

Physical inactivity has been shown to increase the risk for several chronic diseases across the lifespan. However, the impact of physical activity and aerobic fitness on childhood cognitive and brain health has only recently gained attention. The purposes of this article are to: 1) highlight the recent emphasis for increasing physical activity and aerobic fitness in children’s lives for cognitive and brain health; 2) present aspects of brain development and cognitive function that are susceptible to physical activity intervention; 3) review neuroimaging studies examining the cross-sectional and experimental relationships between aerobic fitness and executive control function; and 4) make recommendations for future research. Given that the human brain is not fully developed until the third decade of life, preadolescence is characterized by changes in brain structure and function underlying aspects of cognition including executive control and relational memory. Achieving adequate physical activity and maintaining aerobic fitness in childhood may be a critical guideline to follow for physical as well as cognitive and brain health.

scholarly journals Perceptual uncertainty alternates top-down and bottom-up fronto-temporal network signaling during response inhibition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaho Tsumura ◽  
Reiko Shintaki ◽  
Masaki Takeda ◽  
Junichi Chikazoe ◽  
Kiyoshi Nakahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Effective Connectivity ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Dot Motion ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
The Right ◽  
Executive Control Function

Response inhibition is a primary executive control function that allows the withholding of inappropriate responses, and requires appropriate perception of the external environment to achieve a behavioral goal. It remains unclear, however, how response inhibition is achieved when goal-relevant information involves perceptual uncertainty. Twenty-six human participants of both sexes performed a go/no-go task where visually presented random-dot motion stimuli involved perceptual uncertainties. The right inferior frontal cortex (rIFC) was involved in response inhibition, and the middle temporal (MT) region showed greater activity when dot motions involved less uncertainty. A neocortical temporal region in the superior temporal sulcus (STS) specifically showed greater activity during response inhibition in more perceptually certain trials. In this STS region, activity was greater when response inhibition was successful than when it failed. Directional effective connectivity analysis revealed that in more coherent trials, the MT and STS regions showed enhanced connectivity to the rIFC, whereas in less coherent trials, the signal direction was reversed. These results suggest that a reversible fronto-temporal functional network guides response inhibition under perceptual uncertainty, and in this network, perceptual information in the MT is converted to control information in the rIFC via STS, enabling achievement of response inhibition.

Executive Control Function

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S69-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo C. Román ◽  
Donald R. Royall
Keyword(s):  
Executive Control ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Executive Control Function
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