PARABIOTIC INTOXICATION. I. BLOOD VOLUME, TOTAL CIRCULATING RED CELL MASS, AND Fe59 UPTAKE

1962 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret H. MacGillivray ◽  
S. Tokuda
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Mass

Circulating blood volumes in pulmonary hypertension associated with erythrocytosis – the effects of therapeutic hemodilution

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 544-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rilvani C. Gonçalves ◽  
Carlos Alberto Buschpigell ◽  
Antonio Augusto Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Total Blood Volume ◽  
Eisenmenger Syndrome ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Red Cell Mass ◽  
Blood Volumes

In the Eisenmenger syndrome, indirect estimation of blood volumes may provide quite inaccurate information when seeking to define therapeutic strategies. With this in mind, we analyzed directly the red cell mass, plasma volume, and total blood volume in patients with pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital cardiac defects and erythrocytosis, comparing the results with the respective estimated volumes, and examining the changes induced by therapeutic hemodilution.Thus, we studied 17 patients with the Eisenmenger syndrome, aged from 15 to 53 years, in the basal condition, studying 12 of them both before and after hemodilution. We also investigated five individuals with minimal cardiac lesions, aged from 14 to 42 years, as controls. Red cell mass and plasma volumes were measured using [51 chromium]-sodium chromate and [131iodine]-albumin respectively. Hemodilution was planned so as to exchange 10% of the total blood volume, using 40,000 molecular weight dextran simultaneously to replace the removed volume. The mean values of the red cell mass, plasma volume and total blood volume as assessed by radionuclide techniques were 32%, 31% and 32% higher than the respective volumes as estimated using empirical mathematical formulas (p < 0.002). The measured total blood volume was also 19% higher in the patients compared with controls. Following a period of 5 days after hemodilution, we noted a 13% reduction in red cell mass (p = 0.046), and 10% reduction in total blood volume (p = 0.02), albeit with no changes in the plasma volume.We conclude that direct measurement of blood volumes is useful for proper management of these patients, and provides results that are considerably different from those obtained by empirical estimations.

Blood distribution during cardiac arrest induced by hypothermia

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-540
Author(s):  
Paul W. Willard ◽  
Steven M. Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Mass ◽  
Blood Redistribution ◽  
Blood Volumes

Blood volumes with simultaneous blood- and red cell-distribution measurements were determined by the Cr51 technique in four groups of rats. In splenectomized and nonsplenectomized animals, blood volume of the whole body, lung, spleen, liver, kidney, heart, diaphragm, and gastrocnemius muscle was measured in both the control rats (body temperature 37 C) and in rats with hypothermically induced cardiac arrest (body temperature 8–9 C). Splenectomy caused alterations in some visceral blood volumes without concurrent changes in red cell mass. With cardiac arrest increased quantities of blood and red cell mass were observed in the lung, liver, and gastrocnemius in both splenectomized and nonsplenectomized groups. In the nonsplenectomized animals an increase of over 100 % in spleen blood volume was observed. When the two hypothermic groups were compared, differences existed only in blood volume of the lung, heart, and kidney. Hypothermia induced a pattern of blood redistribution toward visceral areas of the body. Submitted on October 14, 1960

Acute hypervolemia, cardiac performance, and aerobic power during exercise

1982 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1186-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. Kanstrup ◽  
B. Ekblom
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Plasma Volume Expansion ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Red Cell Mass

The relative importance of blood volume (BV) for the maximum aerobic power (VO2 max) was evaluated in healthy subjects by sequential measurements without intervention under two conditions: 1) after hemodilution with a plasma expander, thus increasing BV but keeping red cell mass constant and lowering hemoglobin concentration [Hb], and 2) after whole blood withdrawal, which restored BV to control conditions but reduced red cell mass and [Hb] to equal conditions under 1. After BV expansion (avg 700 ml), we found an unchanged VO2 max compared with control data despite lowered [Hb]. Cardiac output (Q) was increased after BV expansion at rest and during all exercise levels (maximum 27.4 and 29.5 l . min-1, respectively). Peak stroke volume was increased from 144 to 173 ml. Arterial blood pressures were either unchanged or lowered. In contrast, after blood letting to a similar [Hb], we found a significantly reduced VO2 max. These findings indicate a significant influence of the size of the blood volume on cardiac performance. The increased Qmax is discussed in relation to preload, inotropic state, heart rate, and afterload. Plasma volume expansion causes increased preload which may explain this primary effect on the central circulation (Frank-Starling effect).

scholarly journals Red cell mass and blood volume in low birth weight infants

1978 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. Robinson ◽  
P. M. Emerson ◽  
D. Howes ◽  
M. Fujimura ◽  
P. Howat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Red Cell Mass

THE EVALUATION OF BLOOD VOLUME AND TOTAL RED CELL MASS AS PREDICTORS OF GROSS BODY COMPOSITION IN THE PIG

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Doornenbal ◽  
A. H. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Weight Range ◽  
Red Cell Mass ◽  
Total Body

In a study of growth and development patterns in the pig, data were obtained on body weight, total body protein, blood volume, and red cell mass for a total of 88 pigs, ranging in live weight from 9 to 103 kg. The relationships of total body protein to the other variables were analyzed by multiple regression techniques on both an overall and stratified basis. Over the entire weight range, body weight itself explained 98% of the variability in total protein. When the analysis was restricted to pigs in the weight range of 81–103 kg the contribution of body weight in predicting total protein decreased considerably (50%), with concomitant increase in predictive value of blood volume (8%). It was concluded that blood volume and similar physiological measurements could be of major importance in predicting body composition in market weight pigs.

The Differential Diagnosis of the Polycythaemias by Plasma Iron Turnover Determination

1963 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 137-147
Author(s):  
Nancy Telfer ◽  
Norman Schiffman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Iron Determination ◽  
Practical Test ◽  
Plasma Iron ◽  
Red Cell Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Labelling Method

SummaryWe have demonstrated the value of the red blood cell mass and plasma iron turnover determinations in differentiating among the three polycythaemias. We have proposed a simple, clinically practical test, and a mathematical means of expressing it, in which, by use of one serum iron determination and one injection of Fe59, both the RBC mass and the PIT can be determined.Two corrections are necessary in the blood volume calculations if one is to use the Fe59 plasma labelling method:1. Twenty per cent must be subtracted from the blood volume value determined.2. The total body haematocrit (0.91 × Hctv) is used.The significance of the PIT is determined by comparing the observed PIT with the PIT predicted to be necessary to maintain the patient’s RBC mass; this value is termed the Polycythaemia Index. It was shown that in polycyth-aemia vera the PIT is in excess of that necessary to maintain the red cell mass,whereas in the other polycythaemias the PIT is just adequate to maintain the red cell mass.The results obtained in patients with primary polycythaemia, secondary polycythaemia, and relative polycythaemia are compared with the results in a group of controls, and the value of the procedure demonstrated.

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