COMPARISON OF THE KNOWLEDGE OF OBESITY AS A RISK FACTOR FOR HEART DISEASE BETWEEN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN AND OLDER ADULTS.

Background Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) causes premature deaths every year worldwide. Low socioeconomic level is considered to be a risk factor facilitating the transmission of airway infections due to Streptococcus pyogenes. Subclinical RHD is a stage of RHD in which heart valve abnormalities have occurred according to the WHO or WHF classification but without any complaints to the subject. Echocardiography is used to screen subclinical RHD in several countries. Objective To estimate the prevalence, risk factors, and echocardiographic features of subclinical RHD in children. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 elementary school children in Palembang, South Sumatera. We interviewed subject's parents about family characteristics, environment, and history of recurrent sore throat. Subjects underwent anthropometric examination, auscultation, and echocardiography. Diagnosis of RHD was based on World Health Organization (WHO) and World Heart Federation (WHF) criteria. Results Of 250 subjects, 132 (53.8%) were girls. Subjects’ age range was 5-14 years. The prevalence of subclinical RHD was 8% (95%CI 4.8 to 11.6). Of the 20 subclinical RHD subjects, 15 (75%) met the possible RHD criteria, 5 (25%) met the probable RHD criteria, and none met the definite RHD criteria. Multivariate analysis showed that household crowding (OR 8.135; 95%CI 1.048 TO 63.143; P=0.045), history of recurrent sore throat within the previous 6 months (OR 6,476; 95%CI 1.79 to 23.427; P=0.004) and age > 10 years (OR 3.167, 95%CI 1.184 to 8.471; P=0.022) significantly increased the risk of subclinical RHD. Conclusion The prevalence of subclinical RHD in elementary school children in Palembang was 8%. For echocardiographic features, most cases met the WHO/WHF possible RHD criteria. Factors significantly associated with the incidence of subclinical RHD are age > 10 years, household crowding, and history of recurrent sore throat in the previous 6 months.

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Mass Screening of Heart Disease with 12-Lead Electrocardiography(ECG) in Elementary School Children

Korean Circulation Journal ◽

10.4070/kcj.1994.24.6.870 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 870

Author(s):

In-Seok Kim ◽

Jea Sook Ma ◽

Jae-Hyun Cho

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Mass Screening ◽

School Children ◽

Elementary School Children

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SCREENING FOR HEART DISEASE IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

Journal of School Health ◽

10.1111/j.1746-1561.1960.tb06932.x ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 41-41

Keyword(s):

Elementary School ◽

Heart Disease ◽

School Children ◽

Elementary School Children

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Abstract 14784: Effect of Lifestyles of Children and Their Parents on the Levels of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Elementary School Children

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.14784 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Masao Yoshinaga ◽

Ayumi Miyazaki ◽

Machiko Aoki ◽

Yoshiya Ito ◽

Toshihide Kubo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Elementary School ◽

Risk Factor ◽

School Children ◽

Screen Time ◽

Elementary School Children ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Task Force ◽

Medical Examination ◽

Sleeping Time

Background and Objectives: Recently, the prevalence of obese children is declining in Japan; however, longitudinal studies showed that the prevalence of obesity is still increasing during elementary school periods. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of lifestyles of children and their parents on the levels of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in elementary school children. Subjects: The study have conducted since 2012 and announced through the local boards of education in seven areas in Japan. The study was included 1114 healthy volunteers (540 boys, 574 girls) aged from 6 to 12 years with a medical examination and a questionnaire. The medical examination included the measurement of height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressures, and blood sampling for CV risk factors. The questionnaire collected data on the lifestyles of the subjects and their parents. Screen time included time spent watching TV and playing games. The subjects were asked to walk with pedometer for 7 days. Obesity in the present study was defined using the age- and sex-specific International Obesity Task Force standard. Results: Multivariate regression analyses showed that number of steps by pedometer measurement, screen time, sleeping time, and parental BMI were significantly and independently associated with the levels of one or more CV risk factors in elementary school children. Among these, screen time had a profound adverse effect on CV risk factor levels. Number of steps was positively associated with sleeping time and negatively associated with screen time. Screen time in children was strongly associated with parental screen time. The risk of obesity in boys was associated with paternal obesity (p=0.000), but not with maternal obesity (p=0.95). On the other hand, the risk of obesity in girls was associated with both paternal and maternal obesity (both p=0.000). Conclusions: Increase in number of steps and sleeping time and decrease in screen time may be the first-line approach for elementary school children to maintain favorable CV risk factor levels. An association between childhood obesity and paternal or maternal obesity and differs between genders in Japan; thus, approaches focusing on parents should take the gender of children into consideration.

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