scholarly journals Ethics of Triage in the Event of an Influenza Pandemic

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Tabery ◽  
Charles W. Mackett ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
The Public ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Severe Influenza ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Nurses And Physicians

ABSTRACTThe prospect of a severe influenza pandemic poses a daunting public health threat to hospitals and the public they serve. The event of a severe influenza pandemic will put hospitals under extreme stress; only so many beds, ventilators, nurses, and physicians will be available, and it is likely that more patients will require medical attention than can be completely treated. Triage is the process of sorting patients in a time of crisis to determine who receives what level of medical attention. How will hospitals sort patients to determine priority for treatment? What criteria will be used? Who will develop these criteria? This article formulates an answer to these questions by constructing a conceptual framework for anticipating and responding to the ethical issues raised by triage in the event of a severe influenza pandemic. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2008;2:114–118)

scholarly journals Can the Health-Care System Meet the Challenge of Pandemic Flu? Planning, Ethical, and Workforce Considerations

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Levin ◽  
Eric N. Gebbie ◽  
Kristine Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Health Care Delivery Systems ◽  
The Impact

The federal pandemic influenza plan predicts that 30% of the population could be infected. The impact of this pandemic would quickly overwhelm the public health and health-care delivery systems in the U.S. and throughout the world. Surge capacity for staffing, availability of drugs and supplies, and alternate means to provide care must be included in detailed plans that are tested and drilled ahead of time. Accurate information on the disease must be made available to health-care staff and the public to reduce fear. Spokespersons must provide clear, consistent messages about the disease, including actions to be taken to contain its spread and treat the afflicted. Home care will be especially important, as hospitals will be quickly overwhelmed. Staff must be prepared ahead of time to assure their ability and willingness to report to work, and public health must plan ahead to adequately confront ethical issues that will arise concerning the availability of treatment resources. The entire community must work together to meet the challenges posed by an epidemic. Identification and resolution of these challenges and issues are essential to achieve adequate public health preparedness.

A Resolution for Physicians: Time to Focus on the Public Health Threat of Gun Violence

2013 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Laine ◽  
Darren B. Taichman ◽  
Cynthia Mulrow ◽  
Michael Berkwits ◽  
Deborah Cotton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Threat

scholarly journals Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and vaccine uptake in a national cohort of U.S. adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhura S Rane ◽  
Shivani Kochhar ◽  
Emily Poehlein ◽  
William You ◽  
McKaylee Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Longitudinal Study ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
National Cohort ◽  
The U.S

Background Vaccine hesitancy in the U.S. may limit the potential to alleviate the public health threat caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We estimated trends in and correlates of vaccine hesitancy, and its association with subsequent vaccine uptake among 5,085 United States adults from the CHASING COVID Cohort study, a national longitudinal study. Trends in willingness to vaccinate were examined longitudinally in three rounds of interviews from September to December 2020. We assessed correlates of willingness to vaccinate in December 2020. We also estimated the association between willingness to vaccinate in December 2020 and subsequent vaccine uptake in February 2021. Results Vaccine hesitancy and resistance decreased from 51% and 8% in September 2020 to 35% and 5% in December 2020, respectively. Compared to Non-Hispanic (NH) White participants, NH Black and Hispanic participants had higher adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for both vaccine hesitancy (aOR: 3.3 [95% CI: 2.6, 4.2] for NH Black and 1.8 [95% CI: 1.5, 2.2] for Hispanic) and vaccine resistance (aOR: 6.4 [95% CI: 4.3, 9.4] for NH Black and 1.9 [95% CI: 1.3, 2.7] for Hispanic). Willingness to vaccinate was associated with lower odds of vaccine uptake among 65+ year olds (aOR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3, 0.6 for hesitancy; aOR: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.6 for resistance) and healthcare workers (aOR: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.1, 0.3 for hesitancy; aOR: 0.04, 95% CI: 0.006, 0.2 for resistance). Conclusions Awareness and distribution efforts should focus on vaccine hesitant vulnerable populations.

An Overview of Ethics, Public Health Policy, and Politics

2019 ◽  
pp. 813-819
Author(s):  
Adnan A. Hyder ◽  
David M. Bishai
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethical Implications

An understanding of what influences policy decisions, what determines investments for specific public health interventions, and how agreements are made regarding new programs in public health is crucial for helping navigate the ethical implications of public health programs and interventions. This chapter provides an overview of the Public Health Policy and Politics section of The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics. The section’s overall goal is to highlight ethical issues emerging from the work in, and study of, politics and policy development in public health, both within countries and globally. The chapters in this section analyze a set of ethical issues related to politics and public health policies, interventions, and programs, and emphasize the importance of communication among various disciplines, such as bioethics, political science, and development studies.

Public Health in the Context of Migration: Ethics Issues Related to Immigrants and Refugees

2019 ◽  
pp. 244-256
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Fabi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
The Public ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Immigrant And Refugee

This chapter explores the ethics and public health issues associated with immigrant and refugee populations, both in the United States and globally. People move across borders for a variety of reasons, including the pursuit of economic opportunities, family reunification, or safety from violence. In order to engage with the public health ethics questions related to different types of migration, this chapter delves into the normative positions of cosmopolitanism, nationalism, and communitarianism. These positions are then applied to ethical issues in migration, including human rights, freedom of movement, open borders, and obligations to noncitizens. Finally, this chapter examines the ethical implications of three public health issues: immigrant health screening, immigration detention, and the provision of publicly funded health care to undocumented immigrants.

Industrial Chemicals, Pesticides, Public Health, and Ethics

2019 ◽  
pp. 703-717
Author(s):  
Elise M. R. Smith ◽  
Mark F. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Health Priorities ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
The Public ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks

This chapter provides an overview of ethical issues related to the development of industrial chemicals. While they do contribute to advancements in agriculture, medicine, transportation, hygiene, and human leisure, these chemicals can concomitantly pose serious threats to human and environmental health. The chapter examines the public health cost-benefit of environmental chemicals and the regulatory frameworks for human health protection in various countries, focusing on evidence-based decision-making, risk analysis, a precautionary approach, and international consensus. Specific ethical concerns discussed relate to the impacts and lasting effects of pesticides, the influence of economic stability and profit derived from industrial chemicals, conflicts between public health priorities and environmental protections, and inequities and injustices in the distribution of risks and burdens associated with industrial chemicals.

H5N1 in wild and domestic birds in Europe – remaining vigilant in response to an ongoing public health threat

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Needham ◽  
Collective Influenza team (ECDC)
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
European Union ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Risks ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
Domestic Birds ◽  
And Control

Since the emergence of A/H5N1 in the winter of 2005-2006 at the border of the European Union (EU), including human cases in Turkey, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has developed assessments on the public health risks from A/H5N1, and guidance on how to protect those that may be exposed to the virus.

Responding to the Public Health Threat of Lassa Fever in West Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
SaurabhR Shrivastava ◽  
PrateekS Shrivastava ◽  
Jegadeesh Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Lassa Fever ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Threat
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