Cardiorespiratory Function Before and After Aerobic Exercise Training in Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease

A trial was conducted to examine the effect of moderate aerobic exercise training (AET) on cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness. Previously sedentary participants, age 60-75 years, were randomly assigned to either AET treatment or a control group for 6 months. The AET consisted of walking for 40 min three times/week at an intensity that elevated heart rate to 65% of maximum heart rate reserve. The control group performed a supervised stretching program for 40 min three times/week. CR fitness was assessed before and after the treatments during a grade-incremented treadmill walking test. Both absolute and relative peak V̇O2 significantly increased (p < .01) in the AET group, whereas they decreased modestly in the control group. Maximum treadmill time increased significantly (p < .01) in the AET group relative to the control group. These results indicate that CR fitness as measured by peak V̇O2 modestly improves in the elderly with a moderate-intensity, relatively long-term aerobic exercise program.

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Abstract P135: The Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training on Visit-to-Visit and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Variability in Non-Hypertensive and Hypertensive African Americans

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap135 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Keith M Diaz ◽

Deborah L Feairheller ◽

Kathleen M Sturgeon ◽

Sheara T Williamson ◽

Praveen Veerabhadrappa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African Americans ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Office Visits ◽

Hypertensive Group ◽

Before And After

Purpose: Evidence has accumulated to show that BP variability (BPV) has a striking relationship with cardiovascular (CV) risk and is predictive of future CV events, independent of mean BP. Despite the mounting evidence, scant attention has been paid to the ability of treatment modalities to attenuate BPV. To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has investigated the efficacy of non-pharmacologic treatment modalities on BPV. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise training (AEXT) on short- and long-term BPV in non-hypertensive and hypertensive African Americans. Methods: We compared the effects of a 6 month AEXT intervention (3 days/week, 65% of VO 2max , 40 min/session) on BPV in 16 non-hypertensive subjects (BP < 140/90 mmHg) and 14 hypertensive subjects (BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg or receiving antihypertensive monotherapy). Before and after AEXT, office BP was measured at 3 separate visits according to JNC7 guidelines and 24hr ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) was conducted. From ABPM, the standard deviation (STD), coefficient of variation (CV), and average real variability (ARV) of BP were calculated in 3 time frames (awake, sleep, and 24hr) to evaluate short-term BPV. The STD, CV, and average successive variability (ASV) of BP across 3 office visits were calculated to evaluate visit-to-visit variability, an index of long-term BPV. Results: In the hypertensive group, there was a significant reduction in systolic BPV (SBPV) during the awake period for STD (pre: 11.3 ± 2.3 vs. post: 10.9 ± 2.5 mmHg; p < 0.03) and CV (pre: 8.5 ± 1.4 vs. post: 7.2 ± 1.2%; p < 0.02); and during the 24hr period for STD (pre: 12.6 ± 2.0 vs. post: 10.9 ± 2.5 mmHg; p < 0.04) and CV (pre: 9.6 ± 1.3 vs. post: 8.2 ± 1.5%; p < 0.03). Visit-to-visit variability in SBP for STD (pre: 7.8 ± 6.2 vs. post: 4.8 ± 4.4 mmHg), CV (pre: 6.0 ± 4.9 vs. post: 3.6 ± 3.1%), and ASV (pre: 5.2 ± 3.9 vs. post: 3.7 ± 3.0 mmHg) were also reduced post-AEXT, but did not reach statistical significance. In the non-hypertensive group, all measures of BPV were increased post-AEXT with the increase reaching statistical significance for awake diastolic BPV (DBPV) for STD (pre: 7.2 ±1.4 vs. post: 8.3 ± 1.9 mmHg; p < 0.02), CV (pre: 9.3 ±2.1 vs. post: 10.8 ± 2.2%; p < 0.02), and ARV (pre: 6.8 ±1.3 vs. post: 7.6 ± 1.6 mmHg; p < 0.04). Between group comparisons of non-hypertensive and hypertensive groups showed significant between group differences in the magnitude of change in awake SBPV (STD and CV; p < 0.007), awake DBPV (STD; p < 0.05), 24hr SBPV (STD and CV; p < 0.02), 24hr DBPV (CV; p < 0.04), and visit-to-visit variability in SBP (STD and CV; p < 0.05). Conclusion: These preliminary findings provide some evidence that AEXT may reduce BPV in hypertensive African Americans, however the increase in BPV in the non-hypertensive group brings into question the potential efficacy of AEXT in the treatment of BPV. Future investigations are needed.

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Sequence variation in hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A): association with maximal oxygen consumption

Physiological Genomics ◽

10.1152/physiolgenomics.00061.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 20-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Steven J. Prior ◽

James M. Hagberg ◽

Dana A. Phares ◽

Michael D. Brown ◽

Liane Fairfull ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Consumption ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Sequence Variation ◽

Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽

Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽

Allele Frequencies ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Before And After ◽

Specific Allele

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) is a DNA transcription factor composed of two subunits, one of which is regulated by hypoxia (HIF1α, encoded by HIF1A). Genes regulated by HIF1 are involved in the processes of angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, and metabolism, making HIF1A a candidate gene in establishing maximal oxygen consumption (V˙o2 max) before and after aerobic exercise training. The purpose of the present study was to screen HIF1A for sequence variation and determine whether such variation is associated with V˙o2 max before and after aerobic exercise training. A total of 233 Caucasian and African-American subjects were available for screening of HIF1A and determination of allele frequencies, with 155 of those subjects used to study V˙o2 max in relation to identified variants. We measured V˙o2 max before and after 24 wk of aerobic exercise training. Screening revealed several rare and common polymorphisms in HIF1A with race-specific allele frequencies. African Americans with AT or TT genotype at the A−2500T locus exhibited significantly lower baseline V˙o2 max compared with those of AA genotype (21.9 ± 0.99 vs. 25.1 ± 1.0, P = 0.03). An age by P582S (C/T) genotype interaction was observed in Caucasian subjects, such that those of CT or TT genotype exhibited significantly lower change in V˙o2 max after training than those of CC genotype when compared at ages 65 and 60 yr, but not at age 55 yr. No other significant differences were noted among genotype groups at the A−2500T, P582S, or T+140C sites. Based on these findings, we conclude that HIF1A sequence variation is associated with V˙o2 max before and after aerobic exercise training in older humans.

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A Single Dose of Beetroot Juice Does Not Change Blood Pressure Response Mediated by Acute Aerobic Exercise in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11061327 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1327 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ana Luiza Amaral ◽

Igor M. Mariano ◽

Victor Hugo V. Carrijo ◽

Tállita Cristina F. de Souza ◽

Jaqueline P. Batista ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Blood Pressure Response ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Exercise Session ◽

Beetroot Juice ◽

Post Exercise ◽

Before And After

Objective: To verify if acute intake of beetroot juice potentiates post-exercise hypotension (PEH) in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Methods: Thirteen hypertensive postmenopausal women (58.1 ± 4.62 years and 27.4 ± 4.25 kg/m²) were recruited to participate in three experimental sessions, taking three different beverages: Beetroot juice (BJ), placebo nitrate-depleted BJ (PLA), and orange flavored non-caloric drink (OFD). The participants performed moderate aerobic exercise training on a treadmill, at 65–70% of heart rate reserve (HRR), for 40 min. After an overnight fast, the protocol started at 07h when the first resting blood pressure (BP) was measured. The beverage was ingested at 07h30 and BP was monitored until the exercise training started, at 09h30. After the end of the exercise session, BP was measured every 15 min over a 90-min period. Saliva samples were collected at rest, immediately before and after exercise, and 90 min after exercise for nitrite (NO2−) analysis. Results: There was an increase in salivary NO2− with BJ intake when compared to OFD and PLA. A slight increase in salivary NO2− was observed with PLA when compared to OFD (p < 0.05), however, PLA resulted in lower salivary NO2− when compared to BJ (p < 0.001). There were no changes in salivary NO2− with the OFD. Systolic and diastolic BP decreased (p < 0.001) on all post exercise time points after all interventions, with no difference between the three beverages. Conclusion: Acute BJ intake does not change PEH responses in hypertensive postmenopausal women, even though there is an increase in salivary NO2−.

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Effects of aerobic exercise training on sympathetic and renal responses to mental stress in humans

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00880.2009 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 298 (1) ◽

pp. H229-H234 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Chester A. Ray ◽

Jason R. Carter

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Mental Stress ◽

Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Vascular Responses ◽

Healthy Humans ◽

Before And After ◽

Renal Vascular

The effects of aerobic exercise training (ET) on muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and renal vascular responses to mental stress (MS) have not been determined in humans. We hypothesized that aerobic ET would reduce MSNA and renal vasoconstriction during MS. MSNA, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, renal blood flow velocity (RBFV), and peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2 peak) were recorded in 23 healthy adults. Fourteen subjects participated in 8 wk of aerobic ET, while nine subjects served as sedentary controls (Con). ET significantly increased V̇o2 peak (Δ18 ± 1%; P < 0.001) and decreased RBFV at rest (60 ± 4 to 48 ± 3 cm/s; P < 0.01), whereas Con did not alter V̇o2 peak or RBFV. ET did not alter resting MSNA (11 ± 1 to 9 ± 1 bursts/min) or MAP (84 ± 2 to 83 ± 2 mmHg), and these findings were similar in the Con group. MS elicited similar increases in MSNA (∼Δ2 bursts/min; P < 0.05), MAP (∼Δ15 mmHg; P < 0.001), and heart rate (∼Δ20 beats/min; P < 0.001) before and after ET, and the responses were not different between ET and Con. Likewise, MS elicited similar decreases in RBFV and renal vascular conductance before and after ET, and the responses were not different between ET and Con. Perceived stress levels during MS were similar before and after the 8-wk study in both ET and Con. In conclusion, ET does not alter MSNA and renal vascular responses to MS in healthy humans.

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Impact of supervised exercise training on pulmonary function parameters, exercise capacity and Irisin Biomarker in Interstitial lung disease patients

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.36.5.1795 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Rahma Mohammad Alyami ◽

Abdulrahman Mohammed Alhwaikan ◽

Abdullah Rashed Alharbi ◽

Ghada AL-Nafisah

Keyword(s):

Interstitial Lung Disease ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Pulmonary Function ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Exercise Capacity ◽

University Hospital ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Supervised Exercise ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

Objectives: To assess the impact of supervised exercise training (SET) on pulmonary function Parameters, exercise capacity and Irisin biomarker in Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) patients. Methods: Ten (10) patients with ILD and 18 healthy controls of age between 30-40+ years were selected for 8-weekSET program. Before and after SET all subjects performedexercise capacity six minutes’ walk test (6MWT), heart rate (HR) changes were recorded, shortness of Breath Respiratory Questionnaire (SOBQ) was obtained and Irisin levels were measuredby Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).This interventional study was carried out atDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from October 2018 to February 2019. Results: Mean six minutes’ walk distance (6MWD) was 395±68.4 m at 1st visit increased significantly (p=0.001) to 458.8±87.1 mat 15 visit. However, 6MWD values found significantly higher in controls (517.4±84.1 m; 561.7±81.6 m; p=0.013) thanILD patients. Overall change (difference between post and pre exercise) in HRvalue was recorded lower in ILD patients (30-35 bpm) as compared to controls (40-45 bpm). Moreover, ILD patients had overall higher SOBQ score than controls. Pre SET Irisin levelsofILD patients (4.24 ± 1.73 pg/ml) and controls (3.43±1.04pg/ml) werefound unchangedafter SET (4.48±2.02pg/ml, 3.39 ±1.41pg/ml,p=0.677, p=0.093) respectively. However, patients Irisin values were foundhigher as compared to controls before and after SET. Conclusion: Exercise capacity and Dyspneain patients with ILD were improved after 8-week of SET program. No major changes in Irisin levels among patients with ILD and controls were observed. Additional research requires to be carried out on large number of subjects to deterMinutese the advantages of exercise in ILD. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1795 How to cite this:Alyami RM, Alhwaikan AM, Alharbi AR, AL-Nafisah G. Impact of supervised exercise training on pulmonary function parameters, exercise capacity and Irisin Biomarker in Interstitial lung disease patients. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):1089-1095. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1795 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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