scholarly journals Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a as a Cause of Meningitis in Children in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Otoni Russo ◽  
Bruna Ribeiro Torres ◽  
Roberta Maia Castro Romanelli ◽  
Fernanda de Souza Vanni Rocha ◽  
Eisler Cristiane Carvalho Viegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Meningitis In Children

Ultrastructural studies on the interaction of haemophilus influenzae with human endothelial cells in vitro

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 636-637
Author(s):  
D.J.P. Ferguson ◽  
M. Virji ◽  
H. Kayhty ◽  
E.R. Moxon
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Intercellular Junctions ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Endothelial Barriers ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
Respiratory Epithelial

Haemophilus influenzae is a human pathogen which causes meningitis in children. Systemic H. influenzae infection is largely confined to encapsulated serotype b organisms and is a major cause of meningitis in the U.K. and elsewhere. However, the pathogenesis of the disease is still poorly understood. Studies in the infant rat model, in which intranasal challenge results in bacteraemia, have shown that H. influenzae enters submucosal tissues and disseminates to the blood stream within minutes. The rapidity of these events suggests that H. influenzae penetrates both respiratory epithelial and endothelial barriers with great efficiency. It is not known whether the bacteria penetrate via the intercellular junctions, are translocated within the cells or carried across the cellular barrier in 'trojan horse' fashion within phagocytes. In the present studies, we have challenged cultured human umbilical cord_vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with both capsulated (b+) and capsule-deficient (b-) isogenic variants of one strain of H. influenzae in order to investigate the interaction between the bacteria and HUVEC and the effect of the capsule.

scholarly journals Studies of Treatment for Haemophilus influenzae Type b Meningitis in Children

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Tadashi HOSHINO ◽  
Naruhiko ISHIWADA ◽  
Katsuaki ABE ◽  
Junko OGITA ◽  
Chie FUKASAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Meningitis In Children

scholarly journals First Complete Genome Sequence of Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Iskander ◽  
Kristy Hayden ◽  
Gary Van Domselaar ◽  
Raymond Tsang
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Serotype A

ABSTRACT Haemophilus influenzae is an important human pathogen that primarily infects small children. In recent years, H. influenzae serotype a has emerged as a significant cause of invasive disease among indigenous populations. Here, we present the first complete whole-genome sequence of H. influenzae serotype a.

Clinical Characteristics and Adverse Clinical Outcomes of Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a Cases—United States, 2011–2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine H Bozio ◽  
Amy Blain ◽  
Karen Edge ◽  
Monica M Farley ◽  
Lee H Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
The United States ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Bacteremic Pneumonia ◽  
One Year

Abstract Background Incidence of invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) increased an average of 13% annually from 2002 through 2015. We describe clinical characteristics and adverse clinical outcomes of US invasive Hia cases detected through multistate surveillance during 2011–2015. Methods Medical record data were abstracted for cases reported in 8 jurisdictions conducting active population- and laboratory-based surveillance for invasive Hia disease across the United States. Isolates from sterile sites were serotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Adverse clinical outcomes were defined as any possible complication of meningitis, bacteremic pneumonia, or bacteremia (including hearing loss and developmental delay, but excluding death) and were assessed at hospital discharge and one-year post-disease onset. Results During 2011–2015, 190 Hia cases were reported to the 8 participating sites; 169 (88.9%) had data abstracted. Many patients were aged <5 years (42.6%). Meningitis was the most common clinical presentation among those aged <1 year (71.4%); bacteremic pneumonia was the most common presentation among persons aged ≥50 years (78.7%). Overall, 95.9% of patients were hospitalized. Among those hospitalized, 47.5% were admitted to an intensive care unit and 6.2% died during hospitalization. At hospital discharge and one-year post-disease onset, adverse outcomes were identified in 17.7% and 17.8% of patients overall and in 43.9% and 48.5% of patients with meningitis (primarily children). Conclusions Hia infection can cause severe disease that requires hospitalization and may also cause short- and long-term adverse clinical outcomes, especially among children. Novel vaccines could prevent morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Fulminating Haemophilus Influenzae b Meningitis

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.E. MacDonald ◽  
D.L. Keene ◽  
A.M.R. Mackenzie ◽  
P. Humphreys ◽  
A.L. Jefferies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Respiratory Arrest ◽  
Neurological Deterioration ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meningitis In Children ◽  
Increased Icp

SUMMARYHaemophilus influenzae type b (HIb) is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in children with a mortality rate ranging from 1.6% to 14%. Most patients have a 2-3 day history of symptoms prior to admission. A few have fulminating disease with rapid neurological deterioration. Review of 191 cases of HIb meningitis revealed a mortality rate of 2.1% but all who died had fulminating meningitis (FM). Four of six patients with FM died. FM patients had symptoms for less than 24 hours before rapid neurological deterioration with increased ICP, seizures, coma and/or respiratory arrest. Review of 10 FM cases revealed that on admission, 5 had hypotension, 3 had thrombocytopenia, and 8 had coma. Typical CSF changes were seen in only 7. All fatal cases died within 24 hours. Brain swelling and tonsillar herniation were found at autopsy. SDS-PAGE outer membrane protein subtyping did not show one “killer strain”. Animal and autopsy data suggest that diminished CSF outflow and cerebral edema contribute to increased ICP. To improve survival of FM patients, initial treatment must (1) decrease ICP below levels impairing cerebral perfusion, (2) maintain adequate ventilation and blood pressure, and include (3) LP when stable, (4) antibiotics, and (5) close monitoring. Utilizing these principles, two FM patients survived without major sequelae.

scholarly journals Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a (Hia) Carriage in a Small Alaska Community After a Cluster of Invasive Hia Disease, 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leisha D Nolen ◽  
Amanda Tiffany ◽  
Carolynn DeByle ◽  
Dana Bruden ◽  
Gail Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Carriage Prevalence

Abstract Background Between May and July 2018, 4 Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) infections occurred in a remote Alaska community. We performed a public health response to prevent further illness and understand Hia carriage. Methods We collected oropharyngeal samples community-wide to evaluate baseline carriage. Risk factors were evaluated by interview. We offered prophylactic rifampin to individuals in contact with invasive Hia patients (contacts) and to all children aged <10 years. Oropharyngeal samples were collected again 8 weeks after rifampin distribution. Samples were tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction and culture. Results At baseline, 4 of 27 (14.8%) contacts and 7 of 364 (1.9%) noncontacts (P < .01) carried Hia. Contacts aged <10 years were more likely to carry Hia at any timepoint (11/18 [61%]) compared to contacts aged ≥10 years (3/34 [8.8%]), noncontacts aged <10 years (2/139 [1.4%]), and noncontacts ≥10 years (6/276 [2.2%]) (P < .001 for all). Hia carriers were clustered in 9 households (7% of total households). At the household level, carriage was associated with households with ≥1 contact (prevalence ratio [PR], 5.6 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.3–21.6]), crowding (PR, 7.7 [95% CI, 1.1–199.5]), and ≥3 tobacco users (PR, 5.0 [95% CI, 1.2–19.6]). Elevated carriage prevalence persisted in contacts compared to noncontacts 8 weeks after rifampin distribution (6/25 [24%] contacts, 2/114 [1.8%] noncontacts; P < .001). Conclusions Hia carriage prevalence was significantly higher among contacts than noncontacts. Rifampin prophylaxis did not result in a reduction of Hia carriage prevalence in this community.

Bilateral thoracic empyema complicating adult epiglottitis

1991 ◽  
Vol 105 (10) ◽  
pp. 858-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. U. Hussan ◽  
N. P. Keaney
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Thoracic Empyema ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Meningitis In Children

AbstractHaemophilus influenzae is a common cause of epiglottitis and meningitis in children and exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in adults. However, the ability of this organism to cause serious infections in adults is less well recognized. We report a case of a 34-year-old previously healthy female who presented with epiglottitis and later developed bilateral empyema; both blood and pleural fluid grew Haemophilus influenzae.

scholarly journals Emergence of Non-Serotype b EncapsulatedHaemophilus influenzaeas a Cause of Pediatric Meningitis in Northwestern Ontario

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouya Sadeghi-Aval ◽  
Raymond SW Tsang ◽  
Frances B Jamieson ◽  
Marina Ulanova
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Meningitis ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Clonal Nature ◽  
Serotype B ◽  
Meningitis In Children

Before the introduction of the conjugate vaccine,Haemophilus influenzaeserotype b (Hib) was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children. Although successful in reducing Hib cases, the vaccine confers no protection against other serotypes ofH influenzae, such as a (Hia), or f (Hif). The emergence of invasive disease caused by non-Hib in northwestern Ontario (38 cases between 2002 and 2008) with predominance of Hia was previously reported by the authors. At that time, no cases of pediatric meningitis caused byH influenzaewere recorded in the region. Continued surveillance identified 12 new cases of invasive non-Hib between January 2009 and July 2011. Among these cases, three young children developed meningitis with severe complications caused by Hia or Hif. The present article describes these cases along with the characteristics of recentH influenzaeisolates from the region, (ie, their genetic background and antibiotic sensitivity). The findings point to the clonal nature of circulating Hia strains as well as to an increase in frequency and severity of pediatric invasiveH influenzaeinfections in northwestern Ontario.

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