Prevalence of Obesity, No Leisure-Time Physical Activity, and Short Sleep Duration Among Occupational Groups in 29 States

The main purpose of the study was to explore the associations of sleep duration and sleep quality with physical activity (PA). In this cross-sectional study, participants were 894 elderly individuals (mean age 80 ± 3 years; 56.0% women) living in nursing homes. PA, sleep duration, and sleep quality (based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)) were self-reported. The associations of sleep duration and sleep quality with PA at the nursing home level were analyzed using generalized estimating equations with clustering. Participants reporting short sleep duration (<6 h; OR = 0.45; 95% CI 0.25–0.80) were less likely to report sufficient PA, yet those reporting long sleep duration (>9 h; OR = 2.61; 95% CI 1.35–5.02) and good sleep quality (<5 points; OR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.19–2.12) were more likely to report sufficient PA. When sleep duration and sleep quality were entered into the same model, the same associations remained. This study shows that elderly individuals who report short sleep duration are less likely to meet PA guidelines, while those who report long sleep duration and good sleep quality are more likely to meet PA guidelines. Strategies aiming to improve sleep duration and sleep quality are warranted.

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Sleep Duration and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Are Associated with Obesity Independent of Diet and Physical Activity

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10091219 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1219 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Andrea Maugeri ◽

Jose Medina-Inojosa ◽

Sarka Kunzova ◽

Antonella Agodi ◽

Martina Barchitta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Diet And Physical Activity

In the European Union, Czech Republic ranks 3rd and 6th for the incidence of obesity and cardiovascular diseases, respectively. Worldwide, short sleep duration and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) characterize obese subjects, which in turn exhibit scarce physical activity and unhealthy diet. We aimed to understand the relationship between irregular sleep patterns, obesity and lifestyle factors, such as diet and physical activity, in a vulnerable Czech population. 1482 members of the Kardiovize cohort, a random sample of the Czech urban population, were included in a cross-sectional study. Exposure variables included self-reported sleep duration and EDS, assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Primary outcomes were BMI and waist-to-hip ratio or prevalence of obesity and central obesity. Covariates included physical activity and diet. Associations and interactions between variables were evaluated using logistic regression analyses. After adjustment for covariates, short sleep duration (<7 h) was associated with greater odds of overweight (BMI > 25; OR = 1.42; 95%CI = 1.06–1.90; p = 0.020) and obesity (BMI > 30; OR = 1.40; 95%CI = 1.02–1.94; p = 0.047), while EDS was associated with greater odds of central obesity (OR = 1.72; 95%CI = 1.06–2.79; p = 0.030), independent of diet and physical activity. However, due to the cross-sectional nature of our study, further prospective, large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the etiological link and causality between sleep disturbances and obesity.

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Differences in Body Composition across Police Occupations and Moderation Effects of Leisure Time Physical Activity

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17186825 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (18) ◽

pp. 6825

Author(s):

Filip Kukić ◽

Katie M. Heinrich ◽

Nenad Koropanovski ◽

Walker S. C. Poston ◽

Aleksandar Čvorović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Composition ◽

Police Officers ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

The Body ◽

Occupational Groups ◽

Moderation Effects ◽

Similar Body ◽

Activity Questionnaire

This study investigated differences in the body composition of police officers from different occupational groups and the moderation effects of leisure time physical activity (LTPA). A sample of 237 police officers (special anti-terrorist unit, gendarmerie, firefighters, and general duties) participated in the study. Body mass index (BMI), percent of body fat (%BF), percent of skeletal muscle mass (%SMM), and index of hypokinesia (IH) were assessed using a multichannel bioelectric impedance analyzer and officers reported the amount of LTPA using an international physical activity questionnaire. The sample was divided in three groups relative to LTPA, sedentary (0–149 min/week), moderately active (150–299 min/week), and very active (300+ min/week). Multiple analysis of variance (4 × 3) was used to analyze if occupational groups differed based solely on occupation, if officers from the same occupation differed in muscularity and fatness based on LTPA, and if any differences in body composition occurred between officers from different occupations with the same level of LTPA. Police officers from more physically demanding occupations demonstrated lower %BF and IH, while having higher %SMM. This was also observed among the officers of the same occupation who reported a higher LTPA, while officers who reported very high LTPA had similar body composition.

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1137 Sleep Duration, Physical Activity And Cognitive Decline In Chinese Older Adults: Findings From The CHARLS

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A433-A433

Author(s):

J Li ◽

A J Alfini ◽

F Yu ◽

J A Schrack ◽

V Cotter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cognitive Outcomes ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Long Sleep

Abstract Introduction Lack of physical activity and disturbed sleep have been linked to older adult’s poor cognitive outcomes; however, little is unknown how they interact to affect cognition long-term. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of baseline sleep duration and physical activity (PA) with change in cognition independently and interactively over four years. Methods The sample included 1126 community-dwelling older adults aged 60+ (mean age 67.1±5.9 years, 51% female) from the 2011 baseline and 2015 follow-up data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). All variables were assessed through interviews. Sleep duration was measured with hours per 30-minute interval and categorized as very-short (<5h), short (5-6.5h), normal (7-8.5h), and long (≥9h). PA was calculated based on PA intensity, duration, and number of days. Cognition was a composite score of mental capacity, episodic memory, and visuospatial abilities. Data were analyzed using multiple regression (primary outcome: change in cognition; main independent variables: baseline sleep, PA, and sleep PA interaction). Results At baseline, 19% of participants had very-short sleep duration, 34.4% had short sleep, 39.2% had normal sleep, and 7.2% had long sleep. At follow-up, 57.5% of participants experienced cognitive decline (-3.5±2.5). After controlling for age, gender, education, region, body mass index, smoking, drinking, number of chronic conditions, pain, depression, and cognition at baseline, compared to participants reporting 7-8.5h sleep, those with ≥9h sleep had significantly greater decline in cognition [β=-1.4, 95% CI=2.4, -0.4], while those with <5h sleep [β=-0.5, 95% CI=-1.2, 0.2] and 5-6.5h sleep did not [β=-0.1, 95% CI=-0.7, 0.5]. PA was neither associated with cognitive decline, nor moderated the relationship between sleep duration and cognitive decline. Conclusion Long sleep might be a marker of cognitive decline in older adults. Prospective analysis, using objectively measured PA and sleep should be conducted to further examine these associations. Support National Institute of Nursing Research R00NR016484

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How do adolescents with short sleep duration spend their extra waking hours? A device-based analysis of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in a Brazilian sample

Sleep Science ◽

10.5935/1984-0063.20200100 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (nspe2) ◽

Author(s):

Bruno Gonçalves Galdino da Costa ◽

Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽

Marcus Vinicius Veber Lopes ◽

Luís Eduardo Argenta Malheiros ◽

Kelly Samara Silva

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Brazilian Sample ◽

Short Sleep

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Comparison of risk-behaviors among young people who are not in education, employment or training (NEET) versus high school students. A cross-sectional study

Norsk Epidemiologi ◽

10.5324/nje.v28i1-2.3049 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (1-2) ◽

Author(s):

Tonje H. Stea ◽

Karin De Ridder ◽

Siri Håvås Haugland

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Students ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Short Sleep

Background: Young people who are not in education, employment or training (NEET) have been identified as a vulnerable group at risk of poor social functioning, lower educational achievement, limited job opportunities and financial hardship. Being NEET has also been associated with increased risk of mental and physical health problems, but only a few studies have identified the prevalence of certain health-risk behaviors among NEET youth. The present study contributes to fill the existing knowledge gaps by investigating a broad range of risk behaviors in this vulnerable group compared to their high school peers.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 96 NEET youth and 384 age and gender-matched high school students. A self-report questionnaire was used to assess differences in several risk behaviors, including substance use, low consumption of healthy food and high consumption of unhealthy food and beverages, low leisure time physical activity and low sleep duration. Logistic regression models were adjusted for gender, age and parental education.Results: NEET youth had higher odds of using cannabis (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.1-4.3), smokeless tobacco (1.7;1.0-2.8), smoking cigarettes (2.6;1.5-4.4), having an irregular consumption of breakfast (2.6;1.5-4.5), lunch (3.1;1.8-5.4) and dinner (1.9;1.1-3.2), having low consumption of vegetables (3.0;1.3-6.7), fruit and berries (5.3;1.6-18.1) and fish (3.0;1.8-5.1) and short sleep duration on weekends (2.6;1.4-4.9) than students. On the other hand, being NEET was associated with decreased odds of short sleep duration on weekdays compared to their high school peers (0.3;0.2-0.5). No differences in alcohol intoxication, consumption frequency of evening meals, consumption of unhealthy food items and beverages and leisure time physical activity were shown between these groups.Conclusions: NEET youth have higher odds of using tobacco, short sleep duration on weekends and lower consumption of healthy food items including vegetables, fruit and fish compared to high school students. These results contribute to identify risk behaviors that are more prevalent among NEET youth compared to students and needs to be addressed through targeted intervention studies.

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Low Physical Activity Level and Short Sleep Duration Are Associated with an Increased Cardio-Metabolic Risk Profile: A Longitudinal Study in 8-11 Year Old Danish Children

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0104677 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. e104677 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Mads F. Hjorth ◽

Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽

Camilla T. Damsgaard ◽

Stine-Mathilde Dalskov ◽

Rikke Andersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Risk Profile ◽

Activity Level ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep

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Energy drink consumption among Australian adolescents associated with a cluster of unhealthy dietary behaviours and short sleep duration

Nutrition Journal ◽

10.1186/s12937-021-00719-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tegan Nuss ◽

Belinda Morley ◽

Maree Scully ◽

Melanie Wakefield

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Energy Drinks ◽

Energy Drink ◽

Activity Level ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Dietary Behaviours ◽

Regular Consumption ◽

Energy Drink Consumption

Abstract Background Non-alcoholic energy drinks (‘energy drinks’) are high in sugar, as well as caffeine, leading to concerns regarding their suitability for children and adolescents. Despite this, marketing of energy drinks is often directed at adolescents, and there are no age restrictions on the sale of these products in Australia. The current study aimed to examine patterns in consumption of energy drinks among Australian secondary school students and identify sociodemographic and behavioural correlates associated with regular consumption. Methods Participants were 8942 students in Years 8 to 11 (aged 12 to 17 years) who participated in the 2018 National Secondary Students’ Diet and Activity (NaSSDA) cross-sectional survey. A multistage stratified random sampling procedure was used. Within the school setting, students self-completed an online questionnaire assessing their dietary, physical activity and sedentary behaviours. A multilevel logistic regression model was used to examine associations between energy drink consumption and sociodemographic and behavioural factors. Results Overall, 8% of students reported consuming energy drinks on a weekly basis (‘regular consumers’). A further 16% indicated they consume less than one cup per week of these types of drinks, while around three-quarters (76%) reported they do not consume energy drinks. Regular consumption of energy drinks was independently associated with being male, having greater weekly spending money, high intakes of snack foods, fast food, other sugar-sweetened beverages and fruit juice, as well as short sleep duration. There was no independent association with other sociodemographic characteristics (i.e., year level, level of disadvantage, geographic location), consumption of vegetables and fruit, physical activity level, or sedentary recreational screen time. Conclusions While most Australian adolescents do not consume energy drinks, regular consumption is more prevalent among males, and consumption appears to cluster with other unhealthy dietary behaviours and short sleep duration. Findings support the need for policies that will reach identified at-risk groups (e.g., increased regulation of the marketing and sale of energy drinks), as well as suggest opportunities for interventions targeting energy drink consumption alongside other unhealthy dietary behaviours.

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Body composition impact on sleep in young adults: The mediating role of sedentariness, physical activity, and diet

10.21203/rs.3.rs-19558/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Almudena Carneiro-Barrera ◽

Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete ◽

Francisco M. Acosta ◽

Jonatan R. Ruiz

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Composition ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Objectively Measured

Abstract Background Obesity and short sleep duration have both been related to endocrine and metabolic alterations, type II diabetes mellitus, life-threating cardiovascular diseases, and impaired daytime functioning and mood. However, the bidirectional relationship between these conditions and underlying mechanisms still remain unclear, especially in young adults. Objective This cross-sectional study therefore was aimed at elucidating the potential association of anthropometric and body composition parameters with objective and subjective sleep duration and quality in young sedentary adults, considering the potential mediating role of objectively-measured sedentariness, physical activity, and diet. Methods A total of 187 adults aged 18-25 (35.29% men) were included in the study. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio were calculated through weight, height, waist and hip circumferences measures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner was used to assess body composition parameters such as lean mass index, fat mass index and visceral adipose tissue mass. Sedentary time, physical activity, and sleep duration and quality were objectively measured using accelerometry, sleep quality also being subjectively measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Dietary intake was assessed by means of 24h recall questionnaires. Results BMI, waist-hip ratio and lean mass index were inversely associated to objectively-measured total sleep time and sleep efficiency (p < 0.05). Sedentary time moderated by sex explained the effects of BMI on total sleep time such that a high BMI was related to higher sedentariness in men which, in turn, was significantly associated with shorter sleep duration. Discussion Sedentary time is a link-risk factor mediating the adverse consequences of high BMI on short sleep duration in healthy young men. However, not until the complex association between body composition and sleep in young population is properly understood will it be possible to establish appropriate therapeutic goals addressing the early morbidity and mortality that obesity and short sleep duration certainly determine.

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