Insufficient Evidence to Diagnose Intrauterine Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Hua Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Insufficient Evidence ◽  
Intrauterine Transmission ◽  
B Virus

The possible role of S gene mutations of hepatitis B virus in intrauterine transmission

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxin Wu ◽  
Yongliang Feng ◽  
Zhiqing Yang ◽  
Ruijun Zhang ◽  
Dandan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intrauterine Transmission ◽  
S Gene ◽  
B Virus

Abstract Background: Many hepatitis B virus (HBV) substances could inevitably enter fetuses and occurred neonatal intrauterine transmission. HBV often occurs mutation, especially S gene, and may lead to different outcomes on intrauterine transmission. We explored the associations between HBV S gene mutations of hepatitis B surface antigen positive (HBsAg-positive) mothers and intrauterine transmission. Methods: A total of 399 HBsAg-positive mothers and neonates were recruited and their general demographic information was collected between June 2011 and July 2013. The mothers with HBV DNA levels ≥ 106 IU/ml were selected, 22 mothers whose neonates occurred HBV intrauterine transmission were in the HBV intrauterine transmission group (GT) and 22 mothers were randomly selected from the remaining controls were in the control group (GC). Maternal whole-genome HBV DNA was extracted, amplified, cloned, and sequenced. Obtained sequences were adjusted, genotyped, and analyzed for mutation rates. A case-control study was designed to analyze the relationship between mutations in the S gene of HBV and intrauterine transmission. Results: Fifty-five neonates were found to have experienced intrauterine transmission (13.78%). Genotype B (4.55%), genotype C (88.64%) and inter-genotype B/C (6.81%) were found in the 44 HBsAg-positive mothers. The mutation rates of the S gene, in both genotypes B (0.58% vs 1.41%, P = 0.040) and C (7.56% vs 14.71%, P＜0.001), were lower in group T than in group C. Missense substitutions such as L84I, P47S, K10Q, A41P, M133L, A60V, and I42T only existed in group C. The mutation rates of G73S, I126T, and I126S in group C were higher (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.010). Deletions occurred in the S gene. The occurrence of intrauterine transmission with maternal mutation A90V was higher (P < 0.001). This may have increased the risk of neonatal HBsAg expression (P = 0.022). Conclusions: The HBV S gene mutations of HBsAg-positive mothers may reduce the occurrence of HBV intrauterine transmission. It is possible for HBsAg-positive mothers infected with A90V to develop HBV chronic infection and transmit it to the fetus during pregnancy, resulting in neonatal HBV infection.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Mannose-Binding Lectin in Intrauterine Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhong Wu ◽  
Qunyan Zhou ◽  
Huihua Wang ◽  
Ting Tian ◽  
Qiuyuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Mannose Binding Lectin ◽  
Intrauterine Transmission ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Mannose Binding ◽  
Binding Lectin

Intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus is closely related to placental leakage

1987 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Ohto ◽  
Hiroshi Tohyama ◽  
Ho-Hsiung Lin ◽  
Takashi Kawana ◽  
Takashi Etoh
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Intrauterine Transmission ◽  
B Virus

scholarly journals Roles of Toll-like Receptor 7 and 8 in Prevention of Intrauterine Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Tian ◽  
Dandan Sun ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Hanzhi Wang ◽  
Xiaoxia Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
Intrauterine Transmission ◽  
Trophoblastic Cells ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hbv Transmission

Background: Approximately 5% of newborns were infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) via intrauterine transmission, but most of the infants born to HBV-positive mothers are protected from infection. However, the mechanisms by which intrauterine transmission is avoided remain elusive, and the roles of toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been proposed. The aims of this study were to clarify if TLR 7 and 8 are involved in the prevention of intrauterine transmission of HBV. Methods: Real time polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine the expression of TLRs and cytokines in placenta and trophoblasts. The expression of MyD88 was interfered with small interfering RNA (siRNA) in trophoblasts. An in intro model mimicking trophoblast barrier was established to evaluate the effect of MyD88 siRNA on HBV transmission across trophoblast barrier. Results: There were significant differences in placental expression of TLR7 (F=3.263, P=0.048) and TLR8 (F=3.257, P=0.048) among control (HBV-negative women), non-infected group (HBV-positive women whose infants were not infected) and infected group (HBV-positive women whose infants were infected). The expression of TLR7 was significantly higher in non-infected group than infected group (P=0.039) and control (P=0.043). There was a significant difference in TLR8 expression between non-infected group and control (P=0.014), and the difference was close to but not significant (P=0.074) between non-infected and infected groups. Exposure of trophoblast to HBV significantly induced the expression of TLR7 (P<0.001), TLR8 (P=0.005), MyD88 (P=0.004), interferon (IFN)-α (P=0.004), IFN-β (P<0.001) and interleukin (IL)-8 (P=0.001). When MyD88 was interfered by siRNA, the expression of IFN-α (P<0.001), IFN-β (P=0.01) and IL-8 (P<0.001) was significantly decreased while the amount of HBV transcytosed across trophoblastic barrier significantly increased (P=0.03). Conclusions: TLR7 and TLR8 on trophoblastic cells play an important role in the prevention of intrauterine HBV transmission by inhibiting HBV translocation across trophoblast.

Evaluation of neonatal Toll-like receptors 3 (c.1377C/T) and 9 (G2848A) gene polymorphisms in HBV intrauterine transmission susceptibility

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (9) ◽  
pp. 1868-1875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. GAO ◽  
J. GUO ◽  
F. ZHANG ◽  
Z. GUO ◽  
L.-R. ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Hbv Dna ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Intrauterine Transmission ◽  
B Virus

SUMMARYTo investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 3 and 9 affect the susceptibility of hepatitis B virus (HBV) intrauterine transmission, we genotyped 399 neonates for TLR3 (c.1377C/T) [rs3775290] and TLR9 (G2848A) [rs352140] using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP). A femoral venous blood sample was obtained from these subjects. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) were measured using chemiluminescence immunoassay kits and hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV DNA) levels were determined by fluorescence quantitative PCR assay. Our results showed that when adjusting for maternal HBeAg, maternal HBV DNA and mode of delivery, allele ‘T’ for SNP c.1377C/T was significantly associated with HBV intrauterine transmission susceptibility [adjusted OR (aOR) 0·55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0·34–0·91,P= 0·020] and the TT genotype decreased the risk of HBV intrauterine transmission (aOR 0·28, 95% CI 0·09–0·91,P= 0·033). Allele ‘A’ for SNP G2848A was significantly associated with HBV intrauterine transmission susceptibility (aOR 0·62, 95% CI 0·39–1·00,P= 0·048) and the GA genotype protected neonates from HBV intrauterine transmission (aOR 0·45, 95% CI 0·22–0·93,P= 0·031). The TLR3 (c.1377C/T) and TLR9 (G2848A) polymorphisms may be relevant for HBV intrauterine transmission susceptibility, although the reduction in risk to HBV intrauterine transmission is modest and the biological mechanism of the observed association merits further investigation.

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