Diffusion tensor imaging detects early brain microstructure changes before and after ventriculoperitoneal shunt in children with high intracranial pressure hydrocephalus

BackgroundIt remains unclear whether the topological deficits of the white matter network documented in cross-sectional studies of chronic schizophrenia patients are due to chronic illness or to other factors such as antipsychotic treatment effects. To answer this question, we evaluated the white matter network in medication-naive first-episode schizophrenia patients (FESP) before and after a course of treatment.MethodWe performed a longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging study in 42 drug-naive FESP at baseline and then after 8 weeks of risperidone monotherapy, and compared them with 38 healthy volunteers. Graph theory was utilized to calculate the topological characteristics of brain anatomical network. Patients’ clinical state was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) before and after treatment.ResultsPretreatment, patients had relatively intact overall topological organizations, and deficient nodal topological properties primarily in prefrontal gyrus and limbic system components such as the bilateral anterior and posterior cingulate. Treatment with risperidone normalized topological parameters in the limbic system, and the enhancement positively correlated with the reduction in PANSS-positive symptoms. Prefrontal topological impairments persisted following treatment and negative symptoms did not improve.ConclusionsDuring the early phase of antipsychotic medication treatment there are region-specific alterations in white matter topological measures. Limbic white matter topological dysfunction improves with positive symptom reduction. Prefrontal deficits and negative symptoms are unresponsive to medication intervention, and prefrontal deficits are potential trait biomarkers and targets for negative symptom treatment development.

Download Full-text

Tract-Specific Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Before and After Decompressive Spinal Surgery: Preliminary Results

Clinical Neuroradiology ◽

10.1007/s00062-015-0418-7 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 61-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

K. Y. Wang ◽

O. Idowu ◽

C. B. Thompson ◽

G. Orman ◽

C. Myers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Spinal Surgery ◽

Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Preliminary Results ◽

Before And After

Download Full-text

Diffusion tensor imaging of the median nerve before and after carpal tunnel release in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome: feasibility study

Skeletal Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00256-013-1670-z ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 42 (10) ◽

pp. 1403-1412 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Ali Naraghi ◽

Lucas da Gama Lobo ◽

Ravi Menezes ◽

Monica Khanna ◽

Marshall Sussman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Median Nerve ◽

Feasibility Study ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Carpal Tunnel Release ◽

Before And After ◽

Tunnel Syndrome

Download Full-text

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Reveals Supplementary Lesions to Frontal White Matter in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/neu.0b013e31820f3401 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 68 (6) ◽

pp. 1586-1593 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Niklas Lenfeldt ◽

Anne Larsson ◽

Lars Nyberg ◽

Richard Birgander ◽

Anders Eklund ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Corpus Callosum ◽

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

White Matter Lesions ◽

Normal Pressure ◽

Centrum Semiovale ◽

Frontal White Matter ◽

Before And After

Abstract BACKGROUND: Idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) is associated with white matter lesions, but the extent and severity of the lesions do not cohere with symptoms or improvement after shunting, implying the presence of further, yet undisclosed, injuries to white matter in INPH. OBJECTIVE: To apply diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to explore white matter lesions in patients with INPH before and after drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). METHODS: Eighteen patients and 10 controls were included. DTI was performed in a 1.5T MRI scanner before and after 3-day drainage of 400 mL of CSF. Regions of interest included corpus callosum, capsula interna, frontal and lateral periventricular white matter, and centrum semiovale. White matter integrity was quantified by assessing fractional anisotropies (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC), comparing them between patients and controls and between patients before and after drainage. The significance level corresponded to .05 (Bonferroni corrected). RESULTS: Decreased FA in patients was found in 3 regions (P < .002, P < .001, and P < .001) in anterior frontal white matter, whereas elevated ADC was found in genu corpus callosum (P < .001) and areas of centrum semiovale associated with the precentral gyri (P < .002). Diffusion patterns in these areas did not change after drainage. CONCLUSION: DTI reveals subtle injuries—interpreted as axonal loss and gliosis—to anterior frontal white matter where high-order motor systems between frontal cortex and basal ganglia travel, further supporting the notion that motor symptoms in INPH are caused by a chronic ischemia to the neuronal systems involved in the planning processes of movements.

Download Full-text