Investigation of the Relationship Between Mandibular Morphology and Upper Airway Dimensions

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Golchini ◽  
Homa Rasoolijazi ◽  
Farzaneh Momeni ◽  
Pedram Shafaat ◽  
Reza Ahadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Airway ◽  
Mandibular Morphology ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Airway Dimensions

Vocal Tract Steadiness

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Zwirner ◽  
Gary J. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Vocal Tract ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Subject Group ◽  
Formant Frequency ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Acoustic Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Acoustic analyses of upper airway and phonatory stability were conducted on samples of sustained phonation to evaluate the relation between laryngeal and articulomotor stability for 31 patients with dysarthria and 12 non-dysarthric control subjects. Significantly higher values were found for the variability in fundamental frequency and formant frequency of patients who have Huntington’s disease compared with normal subjects and patients with Parkinson’s disease. No significant correlations were found between formant frequency variability and the variability of the fundamental frequency for any subject group. These findings are discussed as they pertain to the relationship between phonatory and upper airway subsystems and the evaluation of vocal tract motor control impairments in dysarthria.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the upper airway dimensions following Herbst appliance treatment in adolescents: A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Min Gu ◽  
Yifan Lin ◽  
Colman Patrick Joseph McGrath ◽  
Urban Hägg ◽  
Ricky Wing Kit Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Soft Palate ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Downward Movement ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Airway Dimensions

Objectives: This retrospective study investigated dimensional changes in the upper airway following Herbst appliance therapy in adolescents with Class II malocclusion and compared those changes with growth data. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalograms from 44 Herbst-treated adolescents (23 boys, mean age = 13.3 ± 1.1 years, and 21 girls, mean age = 12.6 ± 1.1 years) were analyzed for the changes in the upper airway and craniofacial variables. Longitudinal cephalometric data of 34 untreated adolescents (15 boys, mean age = 12.6 ± 0.3 years, and 19 girls, mean age = 12.9 ± 0.4 years) were used as growth data for comparison. Results: Following treatment, significant changes were noted in most of the variables. Boys displayed greater downward movement of the hyoid bone than girls did (P = 0.021). Compared with the growth data, a greater increase in retroglossal oropharyngeal depth and hypopharyngeal depth was observed in boys and girls, respectively. Both displayed a decrease in the inclination of the soft palate and a smaller change in nasopharyngeal depth. Conclusion: Herbst appliance therapy enlarges the upper airway dimensions at two dissimilar sites in girls (oropharynx) and boys (hypopharynx). Boys display a greater increase in anterior and posterior facial heights than girls do, potentially accounting for the site dissimilarities. Moreover, a Herbst appliance improves the inclination of the soft palate and restricts the growth of the nasopharynx in both boys and girls.

scholarly journals The influence of craniofacial morphology on the upper airway dimensions

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 874-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iveta Indriksone ◽  
Gundega Jakobsone
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Oropharyngeal Airway ◽  
Semiautomatic Segmentation ◽  
Airway Dimensions

ABSTRACT Objective:  To evaluate the influence of craniofacial morphology on the upper airway dimensions in healthy adult subjects. Materials and Methods:  The records of 276 healthy 17- to 27-year-old patients were extracted from the cone-beam computed tomography image database of the Institute of Stomatology, Riga Stradins University. Dolphin 11.7 software was used to evaluate craniofacial anatomy and semiautomatic segmentation of the upper airway. Measurements of oropharyngeal airway volume (OPV), minimal cross-sectional area (CSAmin), and nasopharyngeal airway volume (NPV) were obtained. The presence of adenoid tissues was recorded. Associations between variables were analyzed by Spearman's correlation coefficients, and multivariate linear regression analysis was used to identify factors that had a possible influence on upper airway dimensions. Results:  The following factors were identified as influencing the variability of NPV (23%): SNA angle, gender, and presence of adenoids. Statistically significant, although weak, correlations were found between SNB angle and OPV (r  =  0.144, P < .05) and CSAmin (r  =  0.182, P < .01). Conclusion:  The results suggest that craniofacial morphology alone does not have a significant influence on upper airway dimensions.

Pulmonary airway area by the two-microphone acoustic reflection method

1994 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 2234-2240 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Louis ◽  
G. M. Glass ◽  
J. J. Fredberg
Keyword(s):  
Upper Airway ◽  
Nasal Airway ◽  
Reflection Method ◽  
Acoustic Reflection ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Pulmonary Airway ◽  
Airway Dimensions

We noninvasively assessed airway dimensions from acoustic reflection data measured at the mouth. We recently described a two-transducer system for measurement of the nasal airway. Here we apply this approach to the measurement of the upper airway and trachea. We describe the theoretical implications of breathing on this kind of measurement and propose a new procedure that, unlike single- and dual-transducer systems used currently, does not require the use of He-O2 for inference of geometry of subglottic airways.

Relationship between alae nasi activation and breathing route during exercise in humans

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Wheatley ◽  
T. C. Amis ◽  
L. A. Engel
Keyword(s):  
Upper Airway ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Reflex Modulation ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Nasal Flow ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Exercise In Humans

We studied the relationship between alae nasi muscle (AN) activation and breathing route in normal subjects during exercise. Nasal and oral airflow were measured simultaneously using a partitioned face mask and were recorded with the AN electromyogram. Subjects breathed via 1) the nose and mouth (NM) 2) the nose only (N), or 3) the mouth only (M). As ventilation (VE) rose progressively, the peak phasic inspiratory AN activity (IAAN) increased for all breathing routes. IAAN during N [11.8 +/- 2.0 arbitrary units (AU)] was greater than during NM (3.3 +/- 1.3 AU) and M (2.4 +/- 1.0 AU; P less than 0.01) measured at the highest common VE (over a 10-l/min range). At the highest 20% of IAAN recorded during NM, the total VE during N (24 +/- 5 l/min). However, for the same IAAN, nasal VE during NM (27 +/- 3 l/min) was similar to that during N. Thus, as ventilation increases during exercise, AN activity and nasal ventilation are tightly correlated, independently of flow through the mouth. This suggests either reflex modulation of AN activity by nasal flow or coordination of AN activation with the flow-partitioning mechanism of the upper airway.

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