scholarly journals Correction to ‘Predator diversity reduces habitat colonization by mosquitoes and midges’

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 20170034
Author(s):  
Ethan G. Staats ◽  
Salvatore J. Agosta ◽  
James R. Vonesh
Keyword(s):  
Predator Diversity ◽  
Habitat Colonization

scholarly journals Predator diversity reduces habitat colonization by mosquitoes and midges

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 20160580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan G. Staats ◽  
Salvatore J. Agosta ◽  
James R. Vonesh
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Predator Diversity ◽  
Habitat Colonization ◽  
Predator Abundance ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Eggs And Larvae

Changes in predator diversity via extinction and invasion are increasingly widespread and can have important ecological and socio-economic consequences. Anticipating and managing these consequences requires understanding how predators shape ecological communities. Previous predator biodiversity research has focused on post-colonization processes. However, predators can also shape communities by altering patterns of prey habitat selection during colonization. The sensitivity of this non-consumptive top down mechanism to changes in predator diversity is largely unexamined. To address this gap, we examined patterns of dipteran oviposition habitat selection in experimental aquatic habitats in response to varied predator species richness while holding predator abundance constant. Caged predators were used in order to disentangle behavioural oviposition responses to predator cues from potential post-oviposition consumption of eggs and larvae. We hypothesized that because increases in predator richness often result in greater prey mortality than would be predicted from independent effects of predators, prey should avoid predator-rich habitats during colonization. Consistent with this hypothesis, predator-rich habitats received 48% fewer dipteran eggs than predicted, including 60% fewer mosquito eggs and 38% fewer midge eggs. Our findings highlight the potentially important links between predator biodiversity, prey habitat selection and the ecosystem service of pest regulation.

scholarly journals Seed dispersal of Solanum thomasiifolium Sendtner (Solanaceae) in the Linhares Forest, Espírito Santo state, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Vasconcellos-Neto ◽  
Lidiamar Barbosa de Albuquerque ◽  
Wesley Rodrigues Silva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Control Bird ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Bird Droppings ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Habitat Colonization ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to analyse seed dispersal and establishment of Solanum thomasiifolium in an area of "nativo" vegetation in Espirito Santo state on the southeastern Brazilian coast. Ten species of birds, the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), and one species of lizard (Tropidurus torquatus) fed on S. thomasiifolium fruits and dispersed viable seeds in their faeces. The proportional contribution of each of these groups to seed dispersal was 77% (birds), 19% (crab-eating fox) and 4% (lizards). Ants also contributed to seed dispersal. More seeds were deposited in vegetation islands than in the surrounding open areas. Germination rates of seeds collected directly from fruit (control), bird droppings, the faeces of crab-eating foxes and lizards were, respectively, 64, 64, 53, and 80 %. Differences among these rates were all significant, except between birds and control. Lizards were important as seed carriers between nearby islands and they expelled a higher proportion of viable seeds. Birds and the crab-eating foxes did not enhance seed germination, but promoted seed dispersal over a wider area. Plant architecture, fruit productivity, fruit characteristics and the diversity of frugivores are important for the success of S. thomasiifolium in habitat colonization.

Cave Habitat Colonization

2006 ◽  
pp. 475-475
Author(s):  
David Slaney ◽  
Philip Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Colonization ◽  
Cave Habitat

scholarly journals Naturally-primed life strategy plasticity of dimorphic Aethionema arabicum facilitates optimal habitat colonization

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samik Bhattacharya ◽  
Katja Sperber ◽  
Barış Özüdoğru ◽  
Gerhard Leubner-Metzger ◽  
Klaus Mummenhoff
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Plasticity ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Plant Dispersal ◽  
Stress Gradients ◽  
Life Phase ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Dispersal Traits ◽  
Habitat Colonization ◽  
Optimal Habitat

Abstract Plasticity in plant dispersal traits can maximise the ability of a plant species to survive in stressful environments during colonization. Aethionema arabicum (Brassicaceae) is a dimorphic annual species that is hypothesized to survive stressful conditions during colonization due to adaptive plasticity in life-phase (vegetative vs sexual) and fruit morph (dehiscent [DEH] vs indehiscent fruits [IND]). We tested for adaptive plasticity in life-phase and fruit morphs along laboratory environmental stress gradients found in the natural habitats of Ae. arabicum. We considered optimal environmental conditions (750–2000 m above sea level) to be those that resulted in the following fitness parameters: higher biomass and a higher total number of fruits compared to stressful habitats. We found evidence of plasticity in life-phase and fruit-morph along a stressful environmental gradient. High hydrothermal stress proportionally increased the number of dehiscent morphs and non-dormant seeds germinating in autumn. This offsets natural phenology towards dry and cold winter (less hydrothermal stress), yielding fewer fruits that dehisce in the next generation. We conclude that the plastic responses of Ae. arabicum to natural stress gradients constitute a strategy of long-term adaptive benefits and favouring potential pathways of colonisation of the optimal habitat.

Organism responses to habitat fragmentation and diversity: Habitat colonization by estuarine macrofauna

1999 ◽  
Vol 236 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B Eggleston ◽  
Ward E Elis ◽  
Lisa L Etherington ◽  
Craig P Dahlgren ◽  
Martin H Posey
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Habitat Colonization

scholarly journals Predator Diversity and Abundance Provide Little Support for the Enemies Hypothesis in Forests of High Tree Diversity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. e22905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schuldt ◽  
Sabine Both ◽  
Helge Bruelheide ◽  
Werner Härdtle ◽  
Bernhard Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Enemies Hypothesis ◽  
Predator Diversity

Hyperbenthic and pelagic predators regulate alternate key planktonic copepods in shallow temperate estuaries

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 791 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Wasserman ◽  
T. J. F. Vink ◽  
R. Kramer ◽  
P. W. Froneman
Keyword(s):  
Population Regulation ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Copepod Species ◽  
Benthic Fish ◽  
Predator Diversity ◽  
Predatory Impact ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Predatory Pressure

Although predation has been identified as an important community driver, the role of predator diversity in structuring estuarine zooplankton has not been assessed. As such, we investigated the effects of two different zooplanktivorous fish species on the estuarine zooplankton community during a 12-day mesocosm study. Three experimental treatments were established, whereby natural zooplankton communities were subject to either (1) no predatory pressure, (2) predation by a pelagic predator (Monodactylus falciformis) or (3) predation by a hyper-benthic predator (Glossogobius callidus). The pelagic feeding M. falciformis fed largely on the numerically dominant mid-water copepod species, Paracartia longipatella. In contrast, the hyper-benthic fish had a greater predatory impact on the less numerically dominant copepod, Pseudodiaptomus hessei, which demonstrates strong diel vertical migration. Variations in prey-population regulation are ascribed to the distinct behavioural differences of the predators, and mediated by the differences in behaviour of the copepod species.

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