The reaction of hydrogen atoms with isobutene

1971 ◽  
Vol 324 (1559) ◽  
pp. 447-458 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Primary Process ◽  
Absolute Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Vibrationally Excited ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Detailed Mechanism ◽  
Product Distributions ◽  
Excited Species

A detailed study has been made of the products of the reaction of hydrogen atoms with isobutene in a discharge flow reaction system at 290±3 K. Total pressures in the range 4 to 12 Torr (550 to 1650 N m -2 ) of argon were used and flow rates of hydrogen atoms and isobutene ranged individually up to about 10 μ mol s -1 . The main products were methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, isobutane and neopentane. A detailed mechanism accounting adequately for the observed product distributions and their dependence upon pressure and reactant mixture composition is proposed. The formation of the vibrationally excited species t-C 4 H 9 * is shown to be the predominant primary process. A number of rate constant ratios have been evaluated and absolute rate constants for some individual reactions have been estimated from the data. Some of the details of an earlier analogous study of the reaction of hydrogen atoms with propylene have been confirmed and some interesting correlations are indicated.

The reaction of hydrogen atoms with propylene

1971 ◽  
Vol 324 (1559) ◽  
pp. 433-446 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Primary Process ◽  
Absolute Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Vibrationally Excited ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Detailed Mechanism ◽  
Excited Species

A detailed study has been made of the products of the reaction of hydrogen atoms with propylene. A discharge-flow system at 290±3 K was used. Total pressures in the range 4 to 16 Torr (550 to 2200 N m -2 ) of argon were used and the flow rates of hydrogen atoms and propylene ranged individually up to about 12 μ mol s -1 . As found by others the main products are methane, ethane, ethylene, propane and isobutane. Trivial amounts of 2,3-dimethylbutane, but no n-butane, were detected. A detailed mechanism accounting adequately for the reaction is proposed. It is confirmed that formation of the vibrationally excited species, i-C 3 H 7 *, is the predominant primary process. Novel processes which are shown to be important are H+i-C 3 H 7 * → CH 3 +C 2 H 5 and, C 3 H 8 * → CH 4 +C 2 H 4 . A number of rate constant ratios have been evaluated from the data and these allow calculation of absolute rate constants of some individual reactions. The agreement with previously reported values is, in most instances, good.

An electron spin resonance study of the reactions of hydrogen atoms with halocarbons

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2192-2195 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Jones ◽  
Joseph L. Ma
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Esr Spectroscopy ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Electron Spin Resonance Study ◽  
Absolute Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Vinyl Halides ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Spin Resonance Study

The absolute rate constants for the reaction of H atoms with methyl- and vinyl-halides have been determined using esr spectroscopy and a conventional gas flow system. The rate constants determined at 298 ± 2 K at a pressure of 0.55 Torr are methane, (1.7 ± 0.3) × 10−17; ethane, (2.3 ± 0.5) × 10−17; methylfluoride, (4 ± 3) × 10−15; methylchloride, (8 ± 2) × 10−16; methylbromide, (2.1 ± 0.6) × 10−14; vinylfluoride, (1.47 ± 0.02) × 10−13; vinylchloride, (1.66 ± 0.08) × 10−13; and vinylbromide (4.07 ± 0.73) × 10−13 in units of cm3 molecule−1 s−1.

scholarly journals The Absolute Rate Constants of Reaction of Hydrogen Atoms with Several Olefins

1978 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 2488-2492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yo-ichi Ishikawa ◽  
Masaki Yamabe ◽  
Akihiko Noda ◽  
Shin Sato
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Absolute Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
The Absolute

THE RATE OF REACTION OF ACTIVE NITROGEN WITH ETHANE, PROPANE, AND NEOPENTANE

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1948-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. E. Jones ◽  
C. A. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Reactive Species ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Active Nitrogen ◽  
Probe Technique ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Excited Species ◽  
Rate Of Reaction ◽  
Dual Activation

The reactions of active nitrogen with ethane, propane, and neopentane have been studied over the temperature range 0 to 450 °C. A cobalt probe technique was used to stop the reactions after various reaction times. Second order rate constants have been calculated on the assumption that nitrogen atoms are the only reactive species in active nitrogen. Broken Arrhenius lines were obtained for both the ethane and neopentane reactions but this behavior was not observed with the propane reaction. The dual activation energies have been attributed to a mechanism involving initiation by both excited molecules and either nitrogen or hydrogen atoms. Methods are outlined by which an estimate has been made of the concentration of excited species assumed to be involved in the ethane reaction.

Absolute rate constants for the reactions of hydrogen atoms with olefins

1971 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1584-1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Michael ◽  
J. A. Cowfer ◽  
D. G. Keil ◽  
C. Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Absolute Rate ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms

PENGGUNAAN AIR SUPER KRITIS PADA DEPOLIMERISASI NYLON-12 (BATCH PROCESS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Yusman
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Water ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Water Decomposition ◽  
Product Distributions ◽  
New Process ◽  
Nylon 12

Water at the supercritical state is a new process for the chemical recycling. At this thermodynamic state i.e. Pc = 218 atmospheres and Tc = 374oC , water behaves very differently from its everyday temperament and it is a very good solvent for organic components. Experimental studies show that supercritical water can decompose hydrocarbons/polymers and produce useful products like 2-Azacyclotridecanone /lactam-1 from Nylon-12 (batch process). The decomposition process itself was carried out in batch reaction system in order to get more information about product distributions, time dependence, and scale-up possibilities.Keywords: supercritical water, decomposition, batch, polymer, hydrocarbon

ChemInform Abstract: ABSOLUTE RATE CONSTANTS FOR REACTIONS OF PHENYL RADICALS

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. MADHAVAN ◽  
R. H. SCHULER ◽  
R. W. FESSENDEN
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Absolute Rate ◽  
Phenyl Radicals
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