scholarly journals Plants use macronutrients accumulated in leaf-cutting ant nests

2006 ◽  
Vol 274 (1608) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonel da S.L Sternberg ◽  
Maria Camila Pinzon ◽  
Marcelo Z Moreira ◽  
Paulo Moutinho ◽  
Enith I Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Stable Isotope Label ◽  
Isotope Label ◽  
Ant Nests ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Leaf Cutting

Leaf-cutting ants ( Atta spp.) are known for their extensive defoliation in neo-tropical forests and savannahs. Debate about the costs and benefits of their activities has been largely dominated by their detrimental effects on agriculture and agroforestry. However, the large accumulation of nutrients and changes in soil properties near their nests might benefit plants growing near them. Here, we test whether trees use nutrients that accumulate in debris piles near, or refuse chambers within, leaf-cutting ant nests. At two tropical sites (a moist tropical forest site in Panama and a savannah site in Brazil), we fed leaves labelled with the stable isotope 15 N to two species of leaf-cutting ants ( Atta colombica and Atta laevigata ) and traced the stable isotope label in plants surrounding the two nests. Thus, we show that plants in both sites access resources associated with Atta nests. In addition, leaf tissue of trees near the nests labelled with 15 N had significantly higher calcium concentrations than those of distal, unlabelled conspecifics. It has been documented that calcium is a limiting macronutrient in tropical forests and savannahs. Atta may thus play an important ecological role through their long-distance transport, redistribution and concentration of critical macronutrients.

scholarly journals Adaptive responses in men fed low- and high-copper diets

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda J. Harvey ◽  
Gosia Majsak-Newman ◽  
Jack R. Dainty ◽  
D. John Lewis ◽  
Nicola J. Langford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Stable Isotope Label ◽  
Isotope Label ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
True Absorption ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cu Homeostasis

The study of Cu metabolism is hampered by a lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers of status and suitable isotopic labels, but limited information suggests that Cu homeostasis is maintained through changes in absorption and endogenous loss. The aim of the present study was to employ stable-isotope techniques to measure Cu absorption and endogenous losses in adult men adapted to low, moderate and high Cu-supplemented diets. Twelve healthy men, aged 20–59 years, were given diets containing 0·7, 1·6 and 6·0 mg Cu/d for 8 weeks, with at least 4 weeks intervening washout periods. After 6 weeks adaptation, apparent and true absorption of Cu were determined by measuring luminal loss and endogenous excretion of Cu following oral administration of 3 mg highly enriched65Cu stable-isotope label. Apparent and true absorption (41 and 48% respectively) on the low-Cu diet were not significantly different from the high-Cu diet (45 and 48% respectively). Endogenous losses were significantly reduced on the low- (0·45mg/d;P<0·001) and medium- (0·81 mg/d;P=0·001) compared with the high-Cu diet (2·46mg/d). No biochemical changes resulting from the dietary intervention were observed. Cu homeostasis was maintained over a wide range of intake and more rapidly at the lower intake, mainly through changes in endogenous excretion.

scholarly journals Analytical Considerations of Stable Isotope Labelling in Lipidomics

Biomolecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Triebl ◽  
Markus Wenk
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Stable Isotope Labelling ◽  
Stable Isotope Label ◽  
Isotope Labelling ◽  
Isotope Label ◽  
Lipid Biomarker ◽  
Staple Technique ◽  
Biomarker Research

Over the last two decades, lipids have come to be understood as far more than merely components of cellular membranes and forms of energy storage, and are now also being implicated to play important roles in a variety of diseases, with lipid biomarker research one of the most widespread applications of lipidomic techniques both in research and in clinical settings. Stable isotope labelling has become a staple technique in the analysis of small molecule metabolism and dynamics, as it is the only experimental setup by which biosynthesis, remodelling and degradation of biomolecules can be directly measured. Using state-of-the-art analytical technologies such as chromatography-coupled high resolution tandem mass spectrometry, the stable isotope label can be precisely localized and quantified within the biomolecules. The application of stable isotope labelling to lipidomics is however complicated by the diversity of lipids and the complexity of the necessary data analysis. This article discusses key experimental aspects of stable isotope labelling in the field of mass spectrometry-based lipidomics, summarizes current applications and provides an outlook on future developments and potential.

Refinement of Compound Aromaticity in Complex Organic Mixtures by Stable Isotope Label Assisted Ultrahigh-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (13) ◽  
pp. 9032-9038
Author(s):  
Alexander Zherebker ◽  
Oliver J. Lechtenfeld ◽  
Anastasia Sarycheva ◽  
Yury Kostyukevich ◽  
Oleg Kharybin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stable Isotope Label ◽  
Ultrahigh Resolution ◽  
Organic Mixtures ◽  
Isotope Label ◽  
Complex Organic ◽  
Resolution Mass

CONCENTRATIONS AND STABLE ISOTOPE LABEL KINETICS OF HUMAN PLASMA AMYLOID BETA

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. P1475-P1476
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Ovod ◽  
James G. Bollinger ◽  
Kwasi G. Mawuenyega ◽  
Terry J. Hicks ◽  
Theresa Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Stable Isotope Label ◽  
Isotope Label ◽  
Kinetics Of

Diversity and abundance of understorey plants on active and abandoned nests of leaf-cutting ants (Atta cephalotes) in a Costa Rican rain forest

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIANA GARRETTSON ◽  
J. F. STETZEL ◽  
BEN S. HALPERN ◽  
DAVID J. HEARN ◽  
BRENDAN T. LUCEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Atta Cephalotes ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Ant Nests ◽  
Small Height ◽  
Leaf Cutting ◽  
Understorey Plants

Nests of leaf-cutting ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini) are abundant disturbances in Neotropical rain forests, and could affect the plant community both while the nests are active and after they are abandoned. We measured the diversity and abundance of understorey plants (>1 m in height) in the area around active and abandoned nests of leaf-cutting ants (Atta cephalotes) at the La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica. Sampel quadrats on active nests had reduced diversity (number of morphospecies) and abundance of both small (height >10 cm) and large (10 cm–1 m) understorey plants, when compared to the nearby forest floor (3 and 13 m from the nest edge). Abandoned nests had greater diversity and marginally greater abundance of small understorey plants relative to nearby forest; there was no difference in diversity or abundance of large understorey plants. Leaf-cutting ant nests create gaps in the plant understorey when active, but serve as centres of recruitment for small plants after they are abandoned. Thus, like canopy gaps, ant nests could play an important role in recruitment of new individuals and maintenance of plant species diversity in tropical forests.

scholarly journals Use of an oral stable isotope label to confirm variation in red blood cell mean age that influences HbA1c interpretation

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paramjit K. Khera ◽  
Eric P. Smith ◽  
Christopher J. Lindsell ◽  
Mary Colleen Rogge ◽  
Shannon Haggerty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Stable Isotope Label ◽  
Isotope Label
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