scholarly journals Sovereign states in the Caribbean have lower social-ecological vulnerability to coral bleaching than overseas territories

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1897) ◽  
pp. 20182365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine J. Siegel ◽  
Reniel B. Cabral ◽  
Jennifer McHenry ◽  
Elena Ojea ◽  
Brandon Owashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Coral Bleaching ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Recovery Potential ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability ◽  
Differential Exposure ◽  
Overseas Territories

Coral reef social-ecological systems worldwide face major impacts from climate change, and spatial variation in vulnerability is driven by differential exposure to climatic threats, ecological and socio-economic sensitivity to those threats, ecological recovery potential, and socio-economic adaptive capacity. We assess variation in social-ecological vulnerability to climate change-induced coral bleaching, specifically for reef-based fisheries and tourism, of islands throughout the insular Caribbean, thus providing the first region-wide quantitative analysis of island-scale social-ecological vulnerability to coral bleaching. We show that different components of vulnerability have distinct spatial patterns and that variability in overall vulnerability is driven more by socio-economic than ecological components. Importantly, we find that sovereign islands are less vulnerable on average than overseas territories and that the presence of fisheries management regulations is a significant predictor of adaptive capacity and socio-economic sensitivity, with important implications for island-level governance and policies to reduce climate vulnerability.

scholarly journals Socio-ecological Vulnerability of Smallholders due to Climate Change in Mountains: Agroforestry as an Adaptation Measure

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Pandey ◽  
Dhanraj Meena ◽  
Roberta Aretano ◽  
Sachidananda Satpathy ◽  
Teodoro Semeraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Specific Contribution

AbstractThe present study aims to assess the socioecological vulnerability of smallholders through an index of Tehri Garhwal Himalaya. The index provides a realistic approach to recognize the contributions of social and ecological factors for household welfare vulnerability to climate change. The approach puts forward various indices for each component of vulnerability to climate change - exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity including two more indices: one for overall impact under the exposure of climate change and another for overall vulnerability. The five indices were proposed to assess the vulnerability status of with and without agroforestry practicing households in Himalayan region. These indices are based on 35 indicators (8 for exposure; 12 for sensitivity, 15 for adaptive capacity), selected through inductive approaches. A questionnaire for households was designed for the above aim and was administered to 121 heads of households through face-toface interviews with 77 households practicing agroforestry and 44 without agroforestry. The questionnaire dealt the general household information, and indicators of the vulnerability including the issues related to agroforestry. The results highlight slightly higher adaptive capacity of agroforestry practicing households due to specific contribution of agroforestry. The low contribution of agroforestry among smallholders was due to small land holding. The study also results that remoteness, specific issues of smallholders’ such as poverty, education and employment are responsible for the present condition. In particular this study clearly shows that poverty is the key driver for vulnerability. All of these issues can be addressed if future programs and policies, include and implement regulations to remedy attributive factors. This paper may be applicable to other mountainous regions providing insights for effective adaptation strategies to climate change.

The pragmatic holism of social–ecological systems theory: Explaining adaptive capacity in a changing climate

2021 ◽  
pp. 030913252110160
Author(s):  
Sophie Adams
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Adaptive Dynamics ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Human Response ◽  
Social Ecological Systems ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social

Now ubiquitous in research on adaptation to the impacts of anthropogenic climate change is the aim of cultivating adaptive capacity. With its promise to expand the scope of transformative human response within the adaptive dynamics of the social–ecological system, this approach is built upon the integration of the social and ecological, reflecting the ‘pragmatic holism’ at the heart of the concept of the ecological system. This vision is undercut, however, by an ambivalence about the agency of humans to effect adaptive change. I argue that this threatens to recoup the environmental determinism that characterised mid-20th-century theories of adaptation in geography and cognate disciplines – albeit in a new form defined by an understanding of agency as distributed and emergent that is associated with developments in cybernetics and complexity science. This article charts how the currently dominant discourse centred on adaptive capacity has come about and explores what it might mean for the politics of climate change adaptation, as the scope of human action is circumscribed by the adaptive dynamics of the social–ecological system.

scholarly journals Social-ecological vulnerability to climate change in small-scale fisheries managed under spatial property rights systems

Marine Policy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 104192
Author(s):  
Raquel Ruiz-Díaz ◽  
Xiaozi Liu ◽  
Alba Aguión ◽  
Gonzalo Macho ◽  
Maite deCastro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Property Rights ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Spatial Property ◽  
Small Scale Fisheries ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability

scholarly journals Future climate change vulnerability of endemic island mammals

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Leclerc ◽  
Franck Courchamp ◽  
Céline Bellard
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Insular Ecosystems

Abstract Despite their high vulnerability, insular ecosystems have been largely ignored in climate change assessments, and when they are investigated, studies tend to focus on exposure to threats instead of vulnerability. The present study examines climate change vulnerability of islands, focusing on endemic mammals and by 2050 (RCPs 6.0 and 8.5), using trait-based and quantitative-vulnerability frameworks that take into account exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Our results suggest that all islands and archipelagos show a certain level of vulnerability to future climate change, that is typically more important in Pacific Ocean ones. Among the drivers of vulnerability to climate change, exposure was rarely the main one and did not explain the pattern of vulnerability. In addition, endemic mammals with long generation lengths and high dietary specializations are predicted to be the most vulnerable to climate change. Our findings highlight the importance of exploring islands vulnerability to identify the highest climate change impacts and to avoid the extinction of unique biodiversity.

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