Problems with residual and additive elements and their control through specifications

Circumstances responsible for a specification approach to the control of residual elements are reviewed. For deleterious elements, response varies from insistence on 100 % use of virgin materials to setting maximum limits on a large number of residual elements, to specifying the relative quantities of two or more interactive species. For beneficial elements, minima must be set and testing techniques must assure that the desired element is present not only in the proper amount but also in a state and location where its meliorating effects can be realized. Examples from both the alloy and ceramic fields are discussed.

Author(s):  
J. R. Porter ◽  
J. I. Goldstein ◽  
D. B. Williams

Alloy scrap metal is increasingly being used in electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking and the alloying elements are also found in the resulting dust. A comprehensive characterization program of EAF dust has been undertaken in collaboration with the steel industry and AISI. Samples have been collected from the furnaces of 28 steel companies representing the broad spectrum of industry practice. The program aims to develop an understanding of the mechanisms of formation so that procedures to recover residual elements or recycle the dust can be established. The multi-phase, multi-component dust particles are amenable to individual particle analysis using modern analytical electron microscopy (AEM) methods.Particles are ultrasonically dispersed and subsequently supported on carbon coated formvar films on berylium grids for microscopy. The specimens require careful treatment to prevent agglomeration during preparation which occurs as a result of the combined effects of the fine particle size and particle magnetism. A number of approaches to inhibit agglomeration are currently being evaluated including dispersal in easily sublimable organic solids and size fractioning by centrifugation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Vadlan Febrian ◽  
Muhamad Rizki Ramadhan ◽  
Muhammad Faisal ◽  
Aries Saifudin

In this employee payroll application, if there is an error program there will be a loss for employees and the company. Losses for employees, if this application program error occurs then the salary reduction will experience delays due to the difficulty in the process of calculating employee salaries and employees will be late in receiving salaries. Losses for the company, if there is an error program in this application, the company will suffer losses if the employee wants a salary reduction quickly but the company cannot calculate quickly and accurately. In solving this problem, the authors use the black box testing method. Black box testing method is a test that sees the results of execution through test data and ensures the function of the software. Black box testing method has several testing techniques, namely Sample Testing, Boundary Value Analysis, Equivalence Partitions and others. From the testing techniques that have been mentioned, we use the Equivalence Partitions testing technique. Equivalence Partitions are tests that refer to data entry on the employee payroll application form, input will be tested and then put together based on the test function, both valid and invalid values. The expected results of this test are a payroll system for employees who are computerized, have standard rules in the process of developing the program so that it is easy to develop and maintain, and can minimize errors in processing salary calculations for employees.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 365
Author(s):  
Mohamad Suparno

The background of this study is the low results of social studies class V SD Negeri 010 Silikuan Hulu Kecamatan Ukui. This is evidenced by of 26 students only 11 (41.67%), which reached KKM, to research the learning improvement by implementing cooperative learning model Jigsaw. This research is a class act who do as much as two cycles. The collection of data in research adalag with the testing techniques. The study states that the implementation of cooperative learning model jigsaw can improve learning outcomes IPS, it is seen from: the average student learning outcomes which increased 20.25% from the average value of the basic score is 69.58 into 83.67 at UH the first cycle, and the average value UH second cycle increased 31.50% from the average score of 69.58 into 91.50 basis. The percentage of classical completeness achievement has been as expected. Which, on the basis of completeness klasikalnya score is 41.67% with the category is not exhaustive and the UH first cycle increased to 87.50% with the category completely, then at UH second cycle increased to 91.67% with the category completely.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 12-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Singh H. P. Singh ◽  
◽  
R. P. S. Shaktawat R. P. S. Shaktawat ◽  
Durga Singh Durga Singh ◽  
S. C. Srivastava S. C. Srivastava

Author(s):  
Avinash H. Hedaoo ◽  
◽  
Abha Khandelwal ◽  

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADRIANO DUCATI ◽  
ERICH MUEHLBERGER ◽  
JAMES TODD

Alloy Digest ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  

Abstract HP magnet steel is designed for use wherever high magnetic permeability or high saturation values are required. Its magnetic qualities result from careful control of sulfur and residual elements plus the special deoxidization practice, which minimizes nonmetallic inclusions. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-144. Producer or source: ISG Plate International Steel Group Inc.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document