scholarly journals XX. Spectroscopic observations of the sun

1875 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 577-586
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Spectroscopic Observations ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Made In

We have the honour to communicate to the Royal Society the accompanying Spectroscopic Observations of the Chromosphere and of the Sun generally, made during the period between the 1st October, 1872, and the 31st December, 1873. The London observations have been made in Alexandra Road, Finchley Road, N. W.; the Rugby observations in the Temple Observatory at that place. The following details are given of the instruments and methods of observation employed.

scholarly journals XXXIV. On the transit of Venus in 1769. To the Right Honourable The Earl of Morton, President to the Council and Fellows of the Royal Society, this discourse is, with all humility, inscribed, by their humble servant, Thomas Hornsby

1765 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 326-344 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Theory Of Gravity ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In

The observations of the late transit of Venus, though made with all possible care and accuracy, have not enabled us to determine with certainty the real quantity of the sun's parallax; since, by a comparison of the observations made in several parts of the globe, the sun's parallax is not less than 8" 1/2, nor does it seem to exceed 10". From the labours of those gentlemen, who have attempted to deduce this quantity from the theory of gravity, it should seem that the earth performs its annual revolution round the sun at a greater distance than is generally imagined: since Mr. Professor Stewart has determined the sun's parallax to be only 6', 9, and Mr. Mayer, the late celebrated Professor at Gottingen, who hath brought the lunar tables to a degree of perfection almost unexpected, is of opinion that it cannot exceed 8".

scholarly journals VI. Observations of the Ttansit of Mercury over the sun, Oct. 31. 1736. Communicated to the Royal Society

1738 ◽  
Vol 40 (446) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Made In

I. An observation of the Transit of Mercury over the Sun, Oct. 31. 1736. by Mr. George Graham, F. R. S. made in Fleetstreet, London. Mercury not yet seen, then Clouds.

A Royal Society appointment with Venus in 1769: the voyage of Cook and Banks in the Endeavour In 1768-1771 and its botanical results

1969 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-90 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Royal Navy ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Set Up ◽  
George Iii ◽  
Made In

A little over two hundred years ago a number of serious and learned men in Copenhagen, London, Paris, St Petersbourg, Stockholm and elsewhere, men who were academicians, Fellows of the Royal Society, Lords of the Admiralty, politicians and the like, had been thinking seriously and learnedly about the behaviour of Venus, not, of course, about Venus as represented coldly and chastely by the marble statues being imported from Italy or more warmly in the paintings of Boucher and his contemporaries, but about her far distant planet which was calculated to pass across the disk of the Sun in 1769 and not to make another such transit until 1874. Observations of the 1769 transit at widely separated stations would provide, it was hoped, the means of calculating the distance of the Earth from the Sun. The Royal Society in London, having set up in November 1767 a sub-committee ‘to consider the places proper to observe the coming Transit of Venus’ and other particulars relevant to the same, presented a memorial to King George III outlining possible benefits to science and navigation from observations made in the Pacific Ocean and received in return the promise of £4000 and a suitable ship provided by the Royal Navy (8).

scholarly journals On the observations of stars made in some British stone circles.—Preliminary note

1905 ◽  
Vol 76 (508) ◽  
pp. 177-180
Keyword(s):  
The Sun ◽  
Summer Solstice ◽  
Preliminary Note ◽  
May Day ◽  
The Temple ◽  
The Sacrifice ◽  
Made In

In continuation of my work in Egypt in 1891, and Mr. Penrose’s in Greece in 1892, I have recently endeavoured to see whether there are any traces in Britain of the star observations which I found connected with the worship of the sun at certain times of the year. A star rising about an hour before the sun was watched in order to determine the time at which it was necessary to begin the preparations of the sacrifice which took place at the sun’s rising. I stated that Spica was the star the heliacal rising of which heralded the sun at Thebes on May-day in the temple of Min, 3200 b. c. Sirius was associated with the Summer Solstice at about the same time. The equinoxes were provided for in the same way in Lower Egypt, but they do not concern us now.

scholarly journals V. Spectroscopic observations of the Sun.— No. III

1869 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal College ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Spectroscopic Observations

Since my second paper under the above title was communicated to the Royal Society, the weather has been unfavourable to observatory work to an almost unprecedented degree; and, as a consequence, the number of observations I have been enabled to make during the last four months is very much smaller than I had hoped it would be. Fortunately, however, the time has not been wholly lost in consequence of the weather; for, by the kindness of Dr. Frankland, I have been able in the interim to familiarize myself at the Royal College of Chemistry with the spectra of gases and vapours under previously untried conditions, and, in addition to the results already communicated to the Royal Society by Dr. Frankland and myself, the experience I have gained at the College of Chemistry has guided me greatly in my observations at the telescope.

scholarly journals II. On the atmospheric lines of the solar spectrum, illustrated by a map drawn on the same scale as that adopted by Kirchhoff

1875 ◽  
Vol 23 (156-163) ◽  
pp. 201-202
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Atmospheric Absorption ◽  
Spectroscopic Observations ◽  
Clear Atmosphere

The spectroscopic observations described in this paper were made with instruments belonging to the Royal Society, and in accordance with certain suggestions which had been made to the author by a committee appointed in consequence of a letter of his to Sir Edward Sabine, President, dated 13th February, 1866. In view of his residence at a considerable height above the sea-level, and of the exceedingly clear atmosphere prevailing at some periods of the year, it was suggested that the locality was peculiarly favourable for a determination of the lines of the solar spectrum due to atmospheric absorption, and that, for this purpose, the solar spectrum when the sun was high should be compared with the spectrum at sunset, and any additional lines which might appear in the latter case should be noted with reference to Kirchhoff’s map. Accordingly the author set to work with the spectroscope first supplied to him, and in the autumns of 1868 and 1869 mapped the differences in question from the extreme red to D. These results appeared in the 'Proceedings of the Royal Society' for June 16,1870, and the map of the spectra, sun high and sun low, of the region in question forms plate 1 of the 19th volume.

scholarly journals XII. Spectroscopic observations of the sun.—No. II

1869 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 425-444 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Spectroscopic Observations ◽  
Sun Spots

In my first paper under the above title, kindly communicated by Dr. Sharpey to the Royal Society in 1866, was contained an account of the determination of the nature of Sun-spots by means of the spectroscope. The paper concluded as follows:— “May not the spectroscope afford us evidence of the existence of the 'red-flames’ which total eclipses have revealed to us in the sun’s atmosphere, although they escape all other methods of observation at other times? and if so, may we not learn something from this of the recent outburst of the star in Corona?”

scholarly journals III. Spectroscopic observations of the sun.—No. IV

1869 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 415-418 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Spectroscopic Observations

I beg to lay before the Royal Society very briefly the results of observations made on the 11th instant in the neighbourhood of a fine spot, situated not very far from the sun’s limb. I. Under certain conditions the C and F lines may be observed bright on the sun , and in the spot-spectrum also, as in prominences or in the chromosphere. II. Under certain conditions, although they are not observed as bright lines, the corresponding Fraunhofer lines are blotted out.

XX. Observations on the variation, and on the dip of the magnetic needle, made at the apartments of the Royal Society, between the years 1786 and 1805 inclusive

1806 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 385-419 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
Meeting Room ◽  
Vertical Circle ◽  
Magnetic Needle ◽  
Made In

The variation compass used in making the following obser­vations is the same instrument used in former observations of the variation, and published by the Society in several volumes of their Transactions: and as a particular and accurate descrip­tion of its construction was given by Henry Cavendish, Esq. F. R. S. in the LXVIth volume, it will not be necessary to say any thing here on that subject. But these observations being the first that have been communicated since the compass was put up in the Society's apartments in Somerset Place, it may not be amiss to point out its situation in the house at the time of observation, and the method pursued to attain such allow­ances as were proper to be made in deducing the results here given. 1. The compass in the house, at the time of observation, was placed in the middle window, on the south side of the Society's meeting-room, upon a strong mahogany board 1½ inch thick. Against the opposite building the dial-plate of a watch is fixed, making an angle with the true meridian of 31° 8', 8 to the eastward, as a mark to which the telescope of the compass was adjusted. To obtain the angle that this mark made with the true meridian, I fixed a transit-instru­ment on the mahogany board above mentioned, precisely in the same place where the compass had been placed, and having adjusted its telescope to the said mark, the transits of the sun and stars over a vertical circle passing through the zenith and this mark, were observed; and the angle contained between the said mark and the true meridian, was found by computation to be 31° 8', 8 as above.

scholarly journals C. The observations of the internal contact of Venus with the Sun's limb, in the late transit, made in different places of Europe, compared with the time of the same contact observed at the cape of good hope, and the parallax of the Sun from thence determined

1761 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 611-628 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Cape Of Good Hope ◽  
Internal Contact ◽  
Made In

In the summer of the year 1760, the Royal Society resolved to send some proper persons to proper places of the globe, in order to observe the transit of Venus, which was to hap­pen on the 6th of June, 1761.

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