HIỆU QUẢ VÀ TÁC DỤNG KHÔNG MONG MUỐN CỦA DỤNG CỤ ANCHORFAST TRONG CỐ ĐỊNH ỐNG NỘI KHÍ QUẢN Ở CÁC BỆNH NHÂN THỞ MÁY

Nghiên cứu nhằm so sánh hiệu quả cố định ống NKQ bằng dụng cụ AnchorFast và băng dính ở các bệnh nhân thở máy. Đây là nghiên cứu can thiệp ngẫu nhiên có nhóm chứng. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy trong 60 bệnh nhân được chia thành 2 nhóm ngẫu nhiên, không có bệnh nhân nào được cố định ống NKQ bằng dụng cụ AnchorFast bị di lệch hoặc tuột ống ngoài ý muốn. Trong khi đó tỷ lệ bị di lệch ống NKQ ở nhóm cố định bằng băng dính chiếm là 7/30 (23,3%) và có 1/30 (3,3%) bệnh nhân bị tuột ống ngoài ý muốn. Tỉ lệ loét liên quan đến cố định bằng băng dính là 10/30 (33,3%), cố định bằng dụng cụ AnchorFast là 4/30 (13,3) %. Trong đó, vị trí loét trong AnchorFast gặp ở 2 vị trí là lưỡi: 3/30 (10%) và môi: 1/30 (3,33%), chủ yếu ở giai đoan I: 3/30 (10%) và giai đoạn II: 1/30 (3,33%). Ở nhóm dùng băng dính, vị trí loét tại 2 vị trí lưỡi: 4/30 (13,33%) và môi: 6/30 (20%), giai đoạn loét I: 7/30 (23,33%), giai đoạn II: 3/30 (10%). Nghiên cứu cho thấy hiệu quả cố định ống NKQ ở nhóm bệnh nhân sử dụng AnchorFast cao hơn nhóm sử dụng băng dính về độ di lệch ống và tuột ống ngoài ý muốn. Tỷ lệ bị loét ở nhóm sử dụng AnchorFast thấp hơn nhóm cố định bằng băng dính.

Royall Tyler

Royall Tyler (b. 1757–d. 1826) was born to a prominent merchant family in Boston and came of age in the decades leading up to the American Revolution. He entered Harvard College in 1771 and earned his bachelor of arts degree three months after the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776. Tyler then enlisted in the Revolutionary Army, although he remained in Boston and Cambridge studying law. His active military service seems to have been limited to serving as a brigade major during the unsuccessful 1778 attempt to capture Newport, Rhode Island. As the war continued, Tyler earned his master of arts degree from Harvard in 1779 and engaged in a failed courtship of Abigail Adams, the daughter of future president John Adams. After the war, Tyler became involved in the suppression of Shays’ Rebellion in 1786. When Daniel Shays fled to Vermont, Tyler was assigned to negotiate with authorities in New York, which still laid claim to the territory, to ensure that the rebel did not find safe harbor. In New York City Tyler launched his literary career; in April 1787, The Contrast began its run in New York as the first professionally produced American comic drama and one of the first successful American plays. Months later Tyler produced a second play, May Day in Town, that is no longer extant. In 1790, Tyler returned to Boston and married Mary Palmer, who would later publish the first American manual for infant care. They relocated to Vermont, where the couple remained for the rest of their lives. In the years to follow, Tyler published numerous poems and essays, including a popular series of essays in collaboration with Joseph Dennie under the title of “Colon & Spondee.” In 1797, Tyler published the novel The Algerine Captive, which achieved moderate success and was one of the first American books to be republished in Great Britain. In the 1800s and 1810s Tyler served for six years as the chief justice of the Vermont Supreme Court and launched a failed bid for the U.S. Senate. He completed several new plays, including his biblical dramas and the epistolary satire The Yankey in London (1809). At the time of his death in 1826 he was rewriting the first half of The Algerine Captive as a New England picaresque titled The Bay Boy, which would remain unpublished until 1968.

The effect of accounting for public holidays on the skills of the atmospheric composition model SILAM v.5.7

This study quantifies the impact of emission changes during public holidays on air quality (AQ) and analyses the added value of accounting for the holidays in AQ modelling. Spatial and temporal distributions of atmospheric concentrations of the major air pollutants (the main focus was on NO2, but we also included O3, CO, PM2.5, and SO2) were considered at the European scale for all public holidays of 2018. Particular attention was paid to the events with the most pronounced continental- or regional-scale impact: Christmas and New Year, Easter, May Day vacations, and the last days of Ramadan. The simulations were performed with the chemistry transport model SILAM v.5.7 (System for Integrated modeLling of Atmospheric coMposition). Three model runs were made: the baseline with no treatment of holidays, the run considering holidays as Sundays, and the run forcing 80 % reduction in emissions during holidays for the weekday-sensitive sectors. The emission scaling was applied on a country basis. The model predictions were compared with in situ observations collected by the European Environment Agency. The experiment showed that even conservative treatment of official holidays has a large positive impact on NOx (up to 30 % of reduction in the bias inhomogeneity during the holiday days) and improves the CO, PM2.5, and O3 predictions. In many cases, the sensitivity simulations suggested a greater emission reduction than the level of Sundays. An individual consideration of the holiday events in different countries may further improve their representation in the models: specific diurnal pattern of emissions, additional emission due to fireworks, and different driving patterns.

‘Out of a reverie, and as if giving unconscious expression to a deep internal feeling’

This chapter discusses the songs which were performed to accompany the labour of clothmaking in Gaelic-speaking areas of Ireland and Scotland. Clothmaking was predominantly women’s work, and these songs provide us with an insight into the preoccupations of song-poets whose compositions are unlikely to have been preserved elsewhere in the tradition. There are deep underlying similarities between the Irish and Scottish clothmaking corpora which have not been discussed in any detail to date; there are also indications that the liminal context of clothmaking songs demonstrates a degree of overlap with other elements of Gaelic tradition, particularly in the contexts of matchmaking and fertility and in the reassertion of physical boundaries seen, for example, in traditional May Day celebrations.

TO THE QUESTION OF THE GENESIS OF THE LIMESTONE OF THE GUIDIRIM AND SEVERIN DEPOSITS

Problem Statement and Purpose. In Transnistria, the deposits of Sarmatian-age limestone are explored and exploited. These minerals are used as raw materials for cement production, as well as for the production of buta and rubble. The issues of genesis and facial transitions of these deposits remain under-studied. Data & Methods. The purpose of this work is to determine the genetic affiliation of the limestone deposits of the Gidirim and Severin deposits on the basis of facial and chemical analysis. The materials of the research are the limestones of two deposits of Transnistria. The object is the limestone of the Sarmatian age of the deposits of Transnistria. The subject of the study is the lithological and paleontological characteristic, the chemical composition of these limestones. Research methods: topical; biofacial, computer processing with GIS – programs; Laboratory quality diagnostics, chemical and physical-chemical methods of quantifying the main components of carbonate rocks. Results. The geological conditions of the Severin and Gidirim deposits were studied, and the place of productive layers of deposits in the stratigraphic scheme of Transnistria was determined on the basis of the lithological and paleontological characteristics of the rocks. Limestones mined at the Gidirim field belong to the May Day retinue, and the limestone of Severinovsky belongs to the Bessarabian reefs. Chemical analysis of limestone samples extracted from the deposits was carried out and differences in the chemical composition of the limestone of these deposits were determined. The limestone deposits in the content of calcium carbonate are clean. The concentration of silicon dioxide in the samples of the Severin field is higher than in the samples of the Giderim field, the content of one-and-a-half oxides, on the contrary, in Severinovka – 0.68%, in samples of the Giderim field – 1.04%. Analysis of the lithological composition and fauna of limestones has made it possible to distinguish within the Middle-Sarmatian basin of sedimentopulation: (a) accumulation of biogenic-chemogenic limestone of the near shelf, b) biogenic precipitation of the transition zone (reefs), c) silicate-terrigenous formations of the far shelf. The variety of phased conditions in the basin is associated with the position of the coastline and the inflection of the bottom on the boundary of the near and far shelf. The limestone of the studied deposits was formed in two different facial environments: the chemogenic-carbonate and the transient, which is associated with the formation of a strip of Bessarabian reefs. The study of paleontological residues, lithology and chemical composition of rhypogenic limestone showed the autonomy of this environment, as it has features of sedimentogenesis and near and far shelf.

ĐẶC ĐIỂM DỊ ỨNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ NHẬN DẠNG THUỐC CHỐNG LAO HÀNG 1 GÂY DỊ ỨNG TRÊN DA BẰNG TEST KÍCH THÍCH

Tổng quan: Cần phát hiện sớm các triệu chứng của dị ứng và có biện pháp xử lý kịp thời để tối ưu hóa việc điều trị thuốc chống lao. Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm dị ứng và kết quả nhận dạng thuốc chống lao hàng 1 gây dị ứng trên da bằng test kích thích tại bệnh viện Phổi Trung Ương. Phương pháp: nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 86 bệnh nhân lao phổi có chẩn đoán dị ứng thuốc lao, nhập viện tại khoa Lao hô hấp bệnh viện Phổi Trung ương từ tháng 8/2018 đến tháng 6/2019. Loại trừ bệnh nhân sốc phản vệ, dị ứng nặng, hội chứng SJS, Lyell, DRESS; có tình trạng co thắt đường thở không kiểm soát (FEV1<70%). Kết quả: 48 bệnh nhân (55,8%) biểu hiện mày đay, ban chấm; 85 bệnh nhân (98,8%) biểu hiện ngứa. Tổn thương da: 55% mức độ 2, 39% mức độ 3 và 6% mức độ 4. Điều trị trước khi test kích thích: số ngày điều trị trung bình 4,3 ngày (1-16 ngày), 33,7% số trường hợp phải sử dụng cả thuốc kháng histamin và corticoid. Có 81 bệnh nhân được test kích thích với tổng số 346 lần test, trong đó có 80 lần test kích thích cho kết quả dương tính. Thuốc có tỉ lệ dị ứng từ cao đến thấp lần lượt RIF, PZA, EMB, INH. Có 54 bệnh nhân dị ứng với chỉ 1 loại thuốc, 13 bệnh nhân dị ứng với 2 loại thuốc, không có trường hợp nào dị ứng với từ 3 thuốc trở lên. Đa số bệnh nhân test kích thích dương tính vào ngày thứ 2 hoặc thứ 3. Kết luận: Phác đồ điều trị bệnh lao gồm nhiều thuốc phối hợp do đó khi xảy ra phản ứng dị ứng rất khó khăn trong chẩn đoán thuốc gây ra phản ứng. Tuy nhiên khi thực hiện test kích thích, lần lượt từng thuốc được tiến hành do đó có thể xác định nguyên nhân gây dị ứng một cách chính xác

“Sasha Is Drawing a Rocket and Borya Is Drawing a Candy…”: Space Representation in Soviet Magazines for Children in the Late 1950s–1960s

На основе изучения содержания детских журналов «Веселые картинки» и «Мурзилка», выходивших в период конца 1950–1960-х гг. и ориентированных на дошкольников и младших школьников (примерно 5-12 лет), рассматривается, как репрезентировался «космос», под которым понимается образно-содержательный конструкт, включающий смысловое и символическое наполнение и визуализирующийся при помощи типичных космических атрибутов. Цель исследования – выявление сюжетов, способов и образов, использующихся советской пропагандой при обращении к юному читателю. Делается вывод о том, что «космос» – очень удачный идеологический и политический конструкт, содержательное и образное наполнение которого выстраивалось в соответствии с принятой в СССР воспитательной моделью. Детские журналы через свой контент о «космосе» пытались развивать в детях такие качества, как любовь к Родине, безоговорочная вера в ее успехи и достижения, прилежная учеба и трудолюбие. The aim of the article is to reveal the plots, methods and images Soviet propaganda used when addressing young readers in the representing of the concept “space” in children's magazines of the late 1950s–1960s. The author gives her definition of the term “space”, which up to now has not been clearly conceptualized. Thus, “space” is a figurative-meaningful construct with semantic and symbolic content, visualized using typical cosmic attributes. The key resources for the article are Soviet magazines Murzilkaand Vesyolye Kartinki for children from five to twelve years old. The main content of these magazines is color illustrations, short poems and stories. Looking through children’s magazines, the author first looked for visual markers of “space”: rockets, cosmonaut, spacesuit, moon, stars, etc. If they were absent, she carefully examined the meaning of the textual content of the page, if any. As a result, the text and visual materials were included in the total sample for analysis. The author systematized the materials based on the three grounds of the topic of space: storylines and heroes, methods of representation, visualization. There are three main characters most often found in children’s magazines: a child, the Moon, space. The plots around these characters have two main lines: (1) every Soviet child dreams of becoming a cosmonaut, but for this, s/he needs to study well and be hardworking; (2) only such a great country as the USSR could achieve success in conquering space. The most common way of representing “space” was color pictures and illustrations (cosmonauts at the May Day demonstration, a rocket is approaching the moon, etc.). Poems, riddles, fairy tales or short stories about space was the second popular way. Science notes about how a rocket takes off, how a cosmonaut feels in zero gravity, etc. were published. In addition, game formats were offered for children – to glue a rocket out of paper or draw a suit for a cosmonaut, etc. Children sent their own drawings about space to the magazines. Most often, the image of a rocket was used in space visualization. Portraits of cosmonauts (Gagarin, Titov, and Tereshkova) were also often used. The following conclusion has been made. Visual images, forms and ways of presenting “space” to children in the magazines Murzilka and Vesyolye Kartinki shows that “space” has become a successful ideological construct that reflects the basic principles in accordance with which the educational model was built in the USSR. Children’s magazines tried to develop in children such qualities as love for their country, unconditional faith in its successes and achievements, desire for good studies and hard work.

“May Day, 2020”

“May Day, 2020” is a poem by Eli Clare, who is white, disabled, and genderqueer and lives near Lake Champlain in occupied Abenaki territory (currently known as Vermont) where he writes and proudly claims a penchant for rabble-rousing.

Urban and rural tourism under COVID-19 in China: research on the recovery measures and tourism development

Purpose COVID-19 has severely affected urban and rural tourism in China, which has been extensively reported in the newspapers. This paper aims to discuss the impact of COVID-19 on urban and rural tourism at each critical juncture of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the studies, measures and attitudes of various stakeholders toward urban and rural tourism and their future development. Design/methodology/approach This paper collects Chinese news reports as the research object and uses ROST Content Mining 6.0 and Gephi software to analyze and visualize the data for high-frequency words and analyzed the discourse of stakeholders within the newspaper text. Findings This study found that prior to February 20, 2020, the Chinese Government mainly focused on pandemic prevention. From February 21 to April 3 (before The Qingming Festival), resumption of work and production became the theme. From April 4 to May 1 (before May Day), a time-sharing reservation system was widely implemented and the differentiation between urban and rural tourism became more prominent. After May 1, rural tourism attracted greater attention. Originality/value This paper uses discourse analysis to understand the impact of COVID-19 on urban and rural tourism from the perspective of time nodes and the relationship between various stakeholders and predicts the development trends within urban and rural tourism. This paper enriches and expands tourism management knowledge in the face of major crises, providing valuable advice for managers and investors and makes suggestions for the development of urban and rural tourism.