scholarly journals XVIII. The minute anatomy of the alimentary canal

1876 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 451-488 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Fat Absorption ◽  
Physiological Laboratory

The following is an account of a research undertaken in the laboratory of the Brown Institution in July 1873, under the direction of Dr. Klein, and carried on there under his direction until October 1874. During the last year it has been continued in the physiological laboratory of St. George’s Hospital. Chapter I. The minute anatomy of the mucous membrane of the intestine, and the method of fat-absorption. In this chapter I propose first to state very briefly the result of my researches on the structure of the intestine and the method of fat-absorption; secondly, to relate the his­tory of these subjects; and, finally, to give a detailed account of this research.

scholarly journals V. Research on the minute anatomy of the alimentary canal

1876 ◽  
Vol 24 (164-170) ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Fat Absorption ◽  
History Of

This research was commenced and carried on for the first fifteen months under the direction of Dr. Klein; during the last year it was continued independently. continued independently. Chapter I. describes the minute anatomy, of the mucous membrane of she small intestine and the method of fat-absorption. The author commences the Chapter by giving a history of the researches of previous observers, and the methods he employed for hardening and staining the tissue. He then gives a description of the minute structure of the mucosa.

Memoirs: The Alimentary Canal and Pro-epithelial Regeneration in Coccinella septempunctata with a comparison of Carnivorous and Herbivorous Coccinellids

1939 ◽  
Vol s2-81 (323) ◽  
pp. 451-478
Author(s):  
S. PRADHAN
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Coccinella Septempunctata ◽  
The Other ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Epithelial Regeneration ◽  
Gut Epithelium

The paper incorporates: 1. The anatomy of the alimentary canal of Coccinella septempunctata as a type of carnivorous Coccinellid. 2. A detailed account of the extrinsic musculature and the nerve-supply of the cephallic stomodaeum, which have been studied in very few insects and never in Coccinellids. 3. The histology of the alimentary canal, specially the midgut, distinguishing four definite types of epithelium, one of which is surprisingly peculiar and has not been described before. This type of epithelium shows apparently two layers of cells, one superimposed over the other, the outer having large, regularly arranged, intercellular vacuoles as have not been described before, at least in the gut of insects. 4. A discussion on the relations of the four types of epithelium to one another, recognizing that this peculiar type of epithelium is just a phase in a unique process of Pro-epithelial Regeneration in the mid-gut epithelium. 5. A comparison of the chief characteristics of the alimentary canal of carnivorous and herbivorous Coccinellids based on the study of seven species of lady-bird beetles. 6. Probable explanations of the differences between the alimentary canals of the carnivorous and herbivorous Coccinellids.

A Histochemical Study of Fat Absorption in the Small Intestine of the Rat

1954 ◽  
Vol s3-95 (30) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
W. HEWITT
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Fat Absorption ◽  
Red Coloration

Experiments are described in which sections from the small intestine of rats, fed on triolein 2¾ hours previously, were examined with Sudan black and the acid haematein test, with and without Sudan red coloration. The histochemical appearances in the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane are described. Lipoid can be observed not only within the epithelial cells and their free border but also as particles between the cells.

Further Observations on the Histochemistry of Fat Absorption in the Small Intestine of the Rat

1956 ◽  
Vol s3-97 (38) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
W. HEWITT
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Fat Absorption ◽  
Previous Description ◽  
Histochemical Tests

Studies have been made of the small intestine of rats previously fed with triolein. A previous description of the location of the lipid and phospholipid has been confirmed by using Sudan black and the acid haematein test. In addition histochemical tests have been applied to detect neutral fat and fatty acid. The lipid in the free border of the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane consisted of fatty acid and probably neutral fat, which would support the belief that when neutral fat is absorbed some of it is unhydrolysed. Additional evidence for this is provided by the fact that neutral fat could also be detected between the lateral parts of the cells. Occasionally fatty acid was also detectable in this location. Variable proportions of neutral fat, fatty acid, and phospholipid were to be found inside the epithelial cells and it appeared possible that there was a direct relationship between the amounts of neutral fat and phospholipid present.

scholarly journals II. On the origin of the proteids of the chyle and the transference of food materials from the intestine into the lacteals

1885 ◽  
Vol 38 (235-238) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Food Particles

In consequence of the discovery that in many of the lower Metazoa the ingestion of food particles is the result of an amœboid activity of individual cells of the organism, and that digestion and assimilation may also occur within the protoplasm of cells thus endowed with amœboid activity, attention has of late been directed to the part which such cells may play in promoting absorption from the alimentary canal of Vertebrates. It is well known that lymph-cells occur in large numbers in the mucous membrane of the intestine, which is everywhere beset with them; besides which they form the nodular masses of the solitary and agminated glands.

THE MORPHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL OF GLOSSOGOBIUS GIURUS (HAM.)

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mohd. Mohsin
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Muscularis Mucosa ◽  
Buccal Epithelium ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Wide Mouth

Glossogobius giurus is a carnivorous fish with a wide mouth and a short alimentary canal. All the layers of tissue ordinarily found, in the wall of the gut are well developed except in the buccal cavity and the pharynx where the muscular layers are missing.The mucous membrane and the musculature vary greatly in the different regions. The muscularis mucosa is generally wanting. The stratum compactum is not well developed except in the buccal epithelium. There is a true stomach but no pyloric caeca. It is tentatively concluded that fish possess only pepsin-secreting gastric glands. Detailed descriptions are given of typical transverse sections of the various regions.

scholarly journals II. Note on the minute anatomy of the alimentary canal

1874 ◽  
Vol 22 (148-155) ◽  
pp. 293-294 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Chromic Acid ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Columnar Epithelium

The following results relating to the anatomy of the mucous membrane of the alimentary canal were obtained in the laboratory of the Brown Institution. The researches were carried out under the direction of Dr. Klein. 1. Connective-tissue corpuscles amongst the epithelium .—In specimens hardened in chromic acid and alcohol and stained in hæmatoxylin, structures are constantly seen among the columnar epithelium of the intestinal tract in many animals (as monkey, sheep, cat, dog, rat, rabbit) which belong to the connective tissue. These are :— (1) a delicate reticulum, which is continuous with that formed by the most superficial layer of connective-tissue corpuscles (the basement membrane) ; (2) round nucleated cells, exactly similar to those of the mucosa.

scholarly journals IX. The development of the pancreas, the pancreatic and hepatic ducts, in Trichosurus vulpecula

1918 ◽  
Vol 208 (348-359) ◽  
pp. 307-350 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Trichosurus Vulpecula ◽  
Two Stages

Hitherto no detailed account of the development of the alimentary canal and its associated glands in the Marsupialia has been published. The present paper is the result of an investigation into the development of these structures, in so far as concerns the pancreas, the pancreatic and hepatic ducts in Trichosurus . The material examined belongs to Professor Hill’s collection of Marsupials. The embryonic stages are those employed by Fraser and Hill in their paper on the “Development of the Thymus, Epithelial Bodies and Thyroid in the Marsupialia,” but a considerably larger number of pouch-foetuses was available for examination. The series ranges from the embryo of greatest length (G. L.) 5 mm. to the pouchfœtus of greatest length 5·2 cm., head length (H. L.) 19·5 mm., and comprises in all twenty-two stages, of which fifteen are embryonic and seven are pouch-young. Reference has also been made to two adult specimens.

Shared Intentionality, joint commitment, and directed obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Account ◽  
Joint Commitment ◽  
Shared Intentionality

Abstract Tomasello frequently refers to joint commitment, but does not fully characterize it. In earlier publications, I have offered a detailed account of joint commitment, tying it to a sense that the parties form a “we,” and arguing that it grounds directed obligations and rights. Here I outline my understanding of joint commitment and its normative impact.

Pathology of Bone Cells in Pigs with Experimental Turbinate Osteoporosis (Atrophic Rhinitis)

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 304-305
Author(s):  
A. W. Fetter ◽  
C. C. Capen
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Fundamental Cause ◽  
Osteocytic Osteolysis ◽  
Uncertain Etiology

Atrophic rhinitis in swine is a disease of uncertain etiology in which infectious agents, hereditary predisposition, and metabolic disturbances have been reported to be of primary etiologic importance. It shares many similarities, both clinically and pathologically, with ozena in man. The disease is characterized by deformity and reduction in volume of the nasal turbinates. The fundamental cause for the localized lesion of bone in the nasal turbinates has not been established. Reduced osteogenesis, increased resorption related to inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane, and excessive resorption due to osteocytic osteolysis stimulated by hyperparathyroidism have been suggested as possible pathogenetic mechanisms.The objectives of this investigation were to evaluate ultrastructurally bone cells in the nasal turbinates of pigs with experimentally induced atrophic rhinitis, and to compare these findings to those in control pigs of the same age and pigs with the naturally occurring disease, in order to define the fundamental lesion responsible for the progressive reduction in volume of the osseous core.

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