scholarly journals Sulfuricaulis limicola gen. nov., sp. nov., a sulfur oxidizer isolated from a lake

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisaya Kojima ◽  
Tomohiro Watanabe ◽  
Manabu Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Oxidizer

16S rRNA and Multilocus Phylogenetic Analysis of the Iron Oxidizing Acidophiles of the Acidiferrobacteraceae Family

2017 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 339-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Issotta ◽  
Paulo C. Covarrubias ◽  
Ana Moya-Beltrán ◽  
Sören Bellenberg ◽  
Christian Thyssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Draft Genome ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Evolutionary Information ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizer ◽  
Acid Waters ◽  
Type Strains

The family Acidiferrobacteraceae (order Acidiferrobacterales) currently contains three genera of chemolithoautotrophs: Sulfuricaulis (2016), Sulfurifustis (2015) and Acidiferrobacter (2011). While the two former are neutrophilic sulfur oxidizers isolated from lake sediments in Japan, the latter is an extremely acidophilic, moderately osmophilic, thermotolerant iron/sulfur oxidizer known to occur in macroscopic streamers in Rio Tinto, Spain and in acid waters worldwide. The type strains of both Sulfuricaulis limnicola (HA5T) and Sulfurifustis variabilis (skN76T) have been sequenced, and the draft genome of the ZJ isolate of Acidiferrobacter thiooxydans (MDCF01) has recently been deposited in public databases. Despite this fact, little evidence on the genomic diversity and evolution of this group has been presented so far. Using comparative genomic analyses and phylogenetic reconstruction strategies, we explored the evolutionary information contained in the available genome sequences to shed light on the taxonomic status of a novel isolate of the genus Acidiferrobacter (SP-III/3; DSM 27195).

scholarly journals Unraveling the Central Role of Sulfur-Oxidizing Acidiphilium multivorum LMS in Industrial Bioprocessing of Gold-Bearing Sulfide Concentrates

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 984
Author(s):  
Anna Panyushkina ◽  
Aleksandr Bulaev ◽  
Aleksandr V. Belyi
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Reduced Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizer ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Unique Strain ◽  
Sulfide Concentrates ◽  
Gold Bearing

Acidiphilium multivorum LMS is an acidophile isolated from industrial bioreactors during the processing of the gold-bearing pyrite-arsenopyrite concentrate at 38–42 °C. Most strains of this species are obligate organoheterotrophs that do not use ferrous iron or reduced sulfur compounds as energy sources. However, the LMS strain was identified as one of the predominant sulfur oxidizers in acidophilic microbial consortia. In addition to efficient growth under strictly heterotrophic conditions, the LMS strain proved to be an active sulfur oxidizer both in the presence or absence of organic compounds. Interestingly, Ac. multivorum LMS was able to succeed more common sulfur oxidizers in microbial populations, which indicated a previously underestimated role of this bacterium in industrial bioleaching operations. In this study, the first draft genome of the sulfur-oxidizing Ac. multivorum was sequenced and annotated. Based on the functional genome characterization, sulfur metabolism pathways were reconstructed. The LMS strain possessed a complicated multi-enzyme system to oxidize elemental sulfur, thiosulfate, sulfide, and sulfite to sulfate as the final product. Altogether, the phenotypic description and genome analysis unraveled a crucial role of Ac. multivorum in some biomining processes and revealed unique strain-specific characteristics, including the ars genes conferring arsenic resistance, which are similar to those of phylogenetically distinct microorganisms.

scholarly journals Construction of arsB and tetH Mutants of the Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacterium Acidithiobacillus caldus by Marker Exchange

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (18) ◽  
pp. 5686-5694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo J. van Zyl ◽  
Jolanda M. van Munster ◽  
Douglas E. Rawlings
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Kanamycin Resistance ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Conjugation System ◽  
Hybridization Probe ◽  
Narrow Host Range ◽  
Moderately Thermophilic ◽  
Acidithiobacillus Caldus ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizer ◽  
Acidophilic Bacterium

ABSTRACT Acidithiobacillus caldus is a moderately thermophilic, acidophilic bacterium that has been reported to be the dominant sulfur oxidizer in stirred-tank processes used to treat gold-bearing arsenopyrite ores. It is also widely distributed in heap reactors used for the extraction of metals from ores. Not only are these bacteria commercially important, they have an interesting physiology, the study of which has been restricted by the nonavailability of defined mutants. A recently reported conjugation system based on the broad-host-range IncW plasmids pSa and R388 was used to transfer mobilizable narrow-host-range suicide plasmid vectors containing inactivated and partially deleted chromosomal genes from Escherichia coli to A. caldus. Through the dual use of a selectable kanamycin resistance gene and a hybridization probe made from a deleted portion of the target chromosomal gene, single- and double-recombinant mutants of A. caldus were isolated. The functionality of the gene inactivation system was shown by the construction of A. caldus arsB and tetH mutants, and the effects of these mutations on cell growth in the presence of arsenic and by means of tetrathionate oxidation were demonstrated.

scholarly journals Genetic evidence for two carbon fixation pathways in symbiotic and free-living bacteria: The Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle and the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Rubin-Blum ◽  
Nicole Dubilier ◽  
Manuel Kleiner
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Electron Flow ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Riftia Pachyptila ◽  
Heterodisulfide Reductase ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizer ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing

AbstractVery few bacteria are able to fix carbon via both the reverse tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) and the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycles, such as symbiotic, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria that are the sole carbon source for the marine tubeworm Riftia pachyptila, the fastest growing invertebrate. To date, this co-existence of two carbon fixation pathways had not been found in a cultured bacterium and could thus not be studied in detail. Moreover, it was not clear if these two pathways were encoded in the same symbiont individual, or if two symbiont populations, each with one of the pathways, co-existed within tubeworms. With comparative genomics, we show that Thioflavicoccus mobilis, a cultured, free-living gammaproteobacterial sulfur oxidizer, possesses the genes for both carbon fixation pathways. Here, we also show that both the CBB and rTCA pathways are likely encoded in the genome of the sulfur-oxidizing symbiont of the tubeworm Escarpia laminata from deep-sea asphalt volcanoes in the Gulf of Mexico. Finally, we provide genomic and transcriptomic data suggesting a potential electron flow towards the rTCA cycle carboxylase 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, via a rare variant of NADH dehydrogenase/heterodisulfide reductase. This electron bifurcating complex, together with NAD(P)+ transhydrogenase and Na+ translocating Rnf membrane complexes may improve the efficiency of the rTCA cycle in both the symbiotic and the free-living sulfur oxidizer.ImportancePrimary production on Earth is dependent on autotrophic carbon fixation, which leads to the incorporation of carbon dioxide into biomass. Multiple metabolic pathways have been described for autotrophic carbon fixation, but most autotrophic organisms were assumed to have the genes for only one of these pathways. Our finding of a cultivable bacterium with two carbon fixation pathways in its genome opens the possibility to study the potential benefits of having two pathways and the interplay between these pathways. Additionally, this will allow the investigation of the unusual, and potentially very efficient mechanism of electron flow that could drive the rTCA cycle in these autotrophs. Such studies will deepen our understanding of carbon fixation pathways and could provide new avenues for optimizing carbon fixation in biotechnological applications.

New Insights into the Biofilm Lifestyle and Metabolism of Acidithiobacillus Species from Analysis of High Throughput Proteomic Data

2013 ◽  
Vol 825 ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Mario Vera ◽  
Claudia Janosch ◽  
Sören Bellenberg ◽  
Beate Krok ◽  
Wolfgang Sand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Metal Sulfide ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Energy Substrate ◽  
Polysaccharide Biosynthesis ◽  
Proteomic Data ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizer

Bioleaching is the extraction of metals, such as copper or gold, from sulfidic ores by microorganisms. Their energy for growth is obtained by oxidation of ferrous iron and/or reduced inorganic sulfur compounds. Bacterial attachment to ores increase leaching activities through the formation of a special microenvironment between the bacterium and the metal sulfide surface, filled by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Recently, a high-throughput proteomic comparison from biofilm cells attached to pyrite (FeS2) and planktonic cells of the mesophilic iron and/or sulfur oxidizer Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC 23270 was done. Several proteins were found to be up-regulated in biofilm cells. Among them, membrane and outer membrane proteins probably involved in osmotic regulation, polysaccharide biosynthesis and protein secretion, as well as proteins probably involved in cofactor metabolism were present. In order to extend our knowledge of the genus Acidithiobacilli, we started a high-throughput proteomic analysis of the sulfur oxidizer Acidithiobacillus caldus ATCC 51756 by comparing cells grown with an insoluble energy substrate such as elemental sulfur (S°) against cells grown on a soluble energy substrate, such as thiosulfate. The results revealed several differences in proteins related to sulfur metabolism, potential EPS biosynthesis pathways as well as membrane and transport functions. In both microorganisms several conserved hypothetical proteins were found. Some of them were also found to be induced in sessile cells, suggesting their potential involvement in biofilm formation. This study will provide new insights into the biology of Acidithiobacilli and will probably help assigning functions to poorly characterized and unknown proteins. Keywords: Biofilm, Proteomics, Acidithiobacilli

Characterization of sulfur oxidation by an autotrophic sulfur oxidizer,Thiobacillus sp. ASWW-2

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Young Lee ◽  
Kyung-Suk Cho ◽  
Hee Wook Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Oxidation ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizer

Isolation and Characterization of Burkholderia norimbergensis sp. nov., a Mildly Alkaliphilic Sulfur Oxidizer

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raum Wittke ◽  
Wolfgang Ludwig ◽  
Stefan Peiffer ◽  
Diethelm Kleiner
Keyword(s):  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizer

scholarly journals Sulfurifustis variabilis gen. nov., sp. nov., a sulfur oxidizer isolated from a lake, and proposal of Acidiferrobacteraceae fam. nov. and Acidiferrobacterales ord. nov.

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_10) ◽  
pp. 3709-3713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisaya Kojima ◽  
Arisa Shinohara ◽  
Manabu Fukui
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Filamentous Form ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizer ◽  
Novel Taxa ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Autotrophic Bacterium

A novel autotrophic bacterium, strain skN76T, was isolated from sediment of a lake in Japan. As sole electron donor to support chemolithoautotrophic growth, the strain oxidized thiosulfate, tetrathionate and elemental sulfur. For growth, the optimum temperature was 42–45 °C and the optimum pH was 6.8–8.2. The cells were Gram-stain-negative, catalase-positive and oxidase-positive. The strain exhibited changes in morphology depending on growth temperature. Cells grown at the optimum temperature were rod-shaped (0.9–3.0 μm long and 0.3–0.5 μm wide), whereas a filamentous form was observed when the strain was cultured at the lowest permissive growth temperatures. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 69 mol%. The major components in the fatty acid profile were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or 10-methyl C16 : 0). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the closest cultivated relative of strain skN76T was Acidiferrobacter thiooxydans m-1T, with sequence similarity of 93 %. On the basis of its phylogenetic and phenotypic properties, strain skN76T ( = DSM 100313T =  NBRC 110942T) is proposed as the type strain of a novel species of a novel genus, Sulfurifustis variabilis gen. nov., sp. nov. Novel taxa, Acidiferrobacteraceae fam. nov. and Acidiferrobacterales ord. nov., are also proposed to accommodate the genera Acidiferrobacter and Sulfurifustis gen. nov.

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