Intragenomic recombination in the highly leukotoxic JP2 clone of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

Microbiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 151 (10) ◽  
pp. 3371-3379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten T. Eriksen ◽  
Dorte Haubek ◽  
Knud Poulsen
Keyword(s):  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Genome Rearrangements ◽  
Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans

The highly leukotoxic JP2 clone of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is strongly associated with aggressive periodontitis in adolescents of African descent. DNA fingerprinting using the frequently cutting restriction enzyme MspI and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) showed that five strains of this clone were genetically virtually identical, although ribotyping of the six rrn genes and EcoRI RFLP analysis of the seven IS150-like elements revealed differences. PCR analyses demonstrated that these multi-copy sequences are subject to intragenomic homologous recombination, resulting in translocations or large inversions. The genome rearrangements were reflected in differences among 25 strains representing the JP2 clone in DNA fingerprinting using the rare-cutting restriction enzyme XhoI and resolved by PFGE. XhoI DNA fingerprinting provides a tool for studying local epidemiology, including transmission of this particularly pathogenic clone of A. actinomycetemcomitans.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial Genome Rearrangements in Glomus Species Triggered by Homologous Recombination between Distinct mtDNA Haplotypes

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1628-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Beaudet ◽  
Yves Terrat ◽  
Sébastien Halary ◽  
Ivan Enrique de la Providencia ◽  
Mohamed Hijri
Keyword(s):  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Genome Rearrangements ◽  
Mtdna Haplotypes ◽  
Glomus Species

Concurrence between the gene expression pattern of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in localized aggressive periodontitis and in human epithelial cells

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Richardson ◽  
Justin Corey Craighead ◽  
Sam Linsen Cao ◽  
Martin Handfield
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Gene Expression Pattern ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Bacterial Gene ◽  
Bacterial Gene Expression

Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a facultatively intracellular pathogen and the aetiological agent of localized aggressive periodontitis. Screening of the genome of A. actinomycetemcomitans for in vivo-induced antigen determinants previously demonstrated that the proteome of this organism differs in laboratory culture compared with conditions found during active infection. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the bacterial gene expression pattern inferred with in vivo-induced antigen technology (IVIAT) in human infections was consistent with the gene expression pattern occurring upon epithelial cell association. To this end, a real-time PCR method was developed and used to quantify absolute and relative bacterial gene expression of A. actinomycetemcomitans grown extra- and intracellularly in two human epithelial cell lines (HeLa and IHGK). The amount of template used in the assay was normalized using the total count of viable bacteria (c.f.u.) as a reference point and performed in duplicate in at least two independent experiments. Controls for this experiment included 16S rRNA and gapdh. Transcription of all eight ORFs tested increased significantly (P < 0.05) in HeLa and IHGK cells compared with bacteria grown extracellularly. The concurrence of gene expression patterns found in the two models suggests that these epithelial cells are valid in vitro models of infection for the genes tested. IVIAT is an experimental platform that can be used as a validation tool to assess the reliability of animal and other models of infection and is applicable to most pathogens.

scholarly journals Detection of highly and minimally leukotoxic Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans strains in patients with periodontal disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Cavalca Cortelli ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge ◽  
José Roberto Cortelli ◽  
Shawn Francis Jordan ◽  
Violet Ibyola Haraszthy
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Brazilian Cohort

This study examined the prevalence of highly and minimally leukotoxic Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in patients with periodontal disease. Pooled subgingival plaque samples from 136 patients with some form of periodontal disease were examined. Subjects were between 14 and 76 years of age. Clinical examinations included periodontal pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI) and bleeding index (BI). The obtained plaque samples were examined for the presence of highly or minimally leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Chi-square and logistic regression were performed to evaluate the results. Forty-seven subjects were diagnosed with gingivitis, 70 with chronic periodontitis and 19 with aggressive periodontitis. According to chi-square there was no significant correlation detected between PD (chi2 = 0.73), PI (chi2 = 0.35), BI (chi2 = 0.09) and the presence of the highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans. The highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains were correlated with subjects that were 28 years of age and younger (chi2 = 7.41). There was a significant correlation between highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans and aggressive periodontitis (chi2 = 22.06). This study of a Brazilian cohort confirms the strong association between highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strains and the presence of aggressive periodontitis.

scholarly journals Microevolution and Patterns of Dissemination of the JP2 Clone of Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 3080-3088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorte Haubek ◽  
Knud Poulsen ◽  
Mogens Kilian
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Population Genetic Analysis ◽  
Host Tropism ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Clonal Population Structure

ABSTRACT The natural history, microevolution, and patterns of interindividual transmission and global dissemination of the JP2 clone of Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans were studied by population genetic analysis. The JP2 clone is strongly associated with aggressive periodontitis in adolescents of African descent and differs from other clones of the species by several genetic peculiarities, including a 530-bp deletion in the promoter region of the leukotoxin gene operon, which results in increased leukotoxic activity. Multilocus sequence analysis of 82 A. actinomycetemcomitans strains, 66 of which were JP2 clone strains collected over a period of more than 20 years, confirmed that there is a clonal population structure with evolutionary lineages corresponding to serotypes. Although genetically highly conserved, as shown by alignment of sequences of eight housekeeping genes, strains belonging to the JP2 clone had a number of point mutations, particularly in the pseudogenes hbpA and tbpA. Characteristic mutations allowed isolates from individuals from the Mediterranean area and from West Africa, including the Cape Verde Islands, to be distinguished. The patterns of mutations indicate that the JP2 clone initially emerged as a distinct genotype in the Mediterranean part of Africa approximately 2,400 years ago and subsequently spread to West Africa, from which it was transferred to the American continents during the transatlantic slave trade. The sustained exclusive colonization of individuals of African descent despite geographical separation for centuries suggests that the JP2 clone has a distinct host tropism. The colonization of family members by JP2 clone strains with unique point mutations provides strong evidence that there is intrafamilial transmission and suggests that dissemination of the JP2 clone is restricted to close contacts.

DNA fingerprinting of yeast strains by restriction enzyme analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 145 (9) ◽  
pp. 659-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Barbirio ◽  
R Fani ◽  
A Raso ◽  
A Carli ◽  
M Polsinelli
Keyword(s):  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Restriction Enzyme Analysis ◽  
Yeast Strains

scholarly journals Analysis of leukotoxin gene types of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in brazilians with aggressive periodontitis

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Rosalem Junior ◽  
Rodrigo Carvalho de Souza ◽  
Arnaldo Feitosa Braga de Andrade ◽  
Ana Paula Vieira Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans
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