scholarly journals Epidemiology and fitness effects of wood mouse herpesvirus in a natural host population

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 2447-2456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. L. Knowles ◽  
Andy Fenton ◽  
Amy B. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Wood Mouse ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Wood Mice ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Natural Host Species ◽  
Route Of Transmission

Rodent gammaherpesviruses have become important models for understanding human herpesvirus diseases. In particular, interactions between murid herpesvirus 4 and Mus musculus (a non-natural host species) have been extensively studied under controlled laboratory conditions. However, several fundamental aspects of murine gammaherpesvirus biology are not well understood, including how these viruses are transmitted from host to host, and their impacts on host fitness under natural conditions. Here, we investigate the epidemiology of a gammaherpesvirus in free-living wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) and bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in a 2-year longitudinal study. Wood mouse herpesvirus (WMHV) was the only herpesvirus detected and occurred frequently in wood mice and also less commonly in bank voles. Strikingly, WMHV infection probability was highest in reproductively active, heavy male mice. Infection risk also showed a repeatable seasonal pattern, peaking in spring and declining through the summer. We show that this seasonal decline can be at least partly attributed to reduced recapture of WMHV-infected adults. These results suggest that male reproductive behaviours could provide an important natural route of transmission for these viruses. They also suggest that gammaherpesvirus infection may have significant detrimental effects in wild hosts, questioning the view that these viruses have limited impacts in natural, co-evolved host species.

Disruption of a host-parasite system following the introduction of an exotic host species

Parasitology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. TELFER ◽  
K. J. BOWN ◽  
R. SEKULES ◽  
M. BEGON ◽  
T. HAYDEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bank Vole ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Wood Mouse ◽  
Clethrionomys Glareolus ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Wood Mice ◽  
Effect Hypothesis ◽  
Host Parasite

The potential of biological invasions to threaten native ecosystems is well recognized. Here we describe how an introduced species impacts on native host-parasite dynamics by acting as an alternative host. By sampling sites across an invasion front in Ireland, we quantified the influence of the introduced bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) on the epidemiology of infections caused by flea-transmitted haemoparasites of the genusBartonellain native wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus).Bartonellainfections were detected on either side of the front but occurred exclusively in wood mice, despite being highly prevalent in both rodent species elsewhere in Europe. Bank vole introduction has, however, affected the wood mouse-Bartonellainteraction, with the infection prevalence of bothBartonella birtlesiiandBartonella tayloriideclining significantly with increasing bank vole density. Whilst flea prevalence in wood mice increases with wood mouse density in areas without bank voles, no such relationship is detected in invaded areas. The results are consistent with the dilution effect hypothesis. This predicts that for vector-transmitted parasites, the presence of less competent host species may reduce infection prevalence in the principal host. In addition we found a negative relationship betweenB. birtlesiiandB. tayloriiprevalences, indicating that these two microparasites may compete within hosts.

Parasite dynamics in an invaded ecosystem: helminth communities of native wood mice are impacted by the invasive bank vole

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 144 (11) ◽  
pp. 1476-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAREN C. LOXTON ◽  
COLIN LAWTON ◽  
PETER STAFFORD ◽  
CELIA V. HOLLAND
Keyword(s):  
Bank Vole ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Wood Mouse ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Disease Dynamics ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
Wood Mice ◽  
Helminth Communities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Native Host

SUMMARYIt is becoming increasingly evident that biological invasions result in altered disease dynamics in invaded ecosystems, with knock-on effects for native host communities. We investigated disease dynamics in an invaded ecosystem, using the helminth communities of the native wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus) in the presence and absence of the invasive bank vole (Myodes glareolus) in Ireland. Native wood mice were collected over 2 years from four sites to assess the impact of the presence of the bank vole on wood mouse helminth community dynamics both at the component and infracommunity level. We found evidence for dilution (Syphacia stroma), spill-back (Aonchotheca murissylvatici) and spill-over (Taenia martis) in native wood mice due to the presence of the bank vole. Site of capture was the most important factor affecting helminth community structure of wood mice, along with year of capture and host-age and the interactions between them.

scholarly journals Effects of a naturally occurring amino acid substitution in bovine PrP: a model for inherited prion disease in a natural host species

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Vrentas ◽  
Justin J. Greenlee ◽  
Gregory H. Foster ◽  
James West ◽  
Marianna M. Jahnke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Prion Disease ◽  
Amino Acid Substitution ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Natural Host Species

scholarly journals Identification of the Coding-Complete Genome of Cycas Necrotic Stunt Virus in Transcriptomic Data Sets of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (38) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Jiang ◽  
Jonathan Shao ◽  
Lev G. Nemchinov
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Transcriptomic Data ◽  
Natural Host Species

We present evidence here that alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) can be a natural host species for a new strain of Cycas necrotic stunt virus (CNSV), for which the name CNSV-A (alfalfa) is proposed. Prior to this report, the virus has not been identified in alfalfa.

scholarly journals Woodland Recovery after Suppression of Deer: Cascade effects for Small Mammals, Wood Mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) and Bank Voles (Myodes glareolus)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e31404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma R. Bush ◽  
Christina D. Buesching ◽  
Eleanor M. Slade ◽  
David W. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Apodemus Sylvaticus ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Wood Mice ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Cascade Effects

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of a Model Gammaherpesvirus in a Natural Host

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 3949-3961 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Hughes ◽  
Anja Kipar ◽  
Jeffery T. Sample ◽  
James P. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Natural Host ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Wood Mice ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Gammaherpesvirus 68 ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68

ABSTRACT Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) infection of laboratory mice (Mus musculus) is an established model of gammaherpesvirus pathogenesis. The fact that M. musculus is not a host in the wild prompted us to reassess MHV-68 infection in wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus), a natural host. Here, we report significant differences in MHV-68 infection in the two species: (i) following intranasal inoculation, MHV-68 replicated in the lungs of wood mice to levels approximately 3 log units lower than in BALB/c mice; (ii) in BALB/c mice, virus replication in alveolar epithelial cells was accompanied by a diffuse, T-cell-dominated interstitial pneumonitis, whereas in wood mice it was restricted to focal granulomatous infiltrations; (iii) within wood mice, latently infected lymphocytes were abundant in inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue that was not apparent in BALB/c mice; (iv) splenic latency was established in both species, but well-delineated secondary follicles with germinal centers were present in wood mice, while only poorly delineated follicles were seen in BALB/c mice; and, perhaps as a consequence, (v) production of neutralizing antibody was significantly higher in wood mice. These differences highlight the value of this animal model in the study of MHV-68 pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Identification of novel anelloviruses with broad diversity in UK rodents

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 1544-1553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoko Nishiyama ◽  
Bernadette M. Dutia ◽  
James P. Stewart ◽  
Anna L. Meredith ◽  
Darren J. Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Wood Mice ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Disease Associations ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Ssdna Viruses

Anelloviruses are a family of small circular ssDNA viruses with a vast genetic diversity. Human infections with the prototype anellovirus, torque teno virus (TTV), are ubiquitous and related viruses have been described in a number of other mammalian hosts. Despite over 15 years of investigation, there is still little known about the pathogenesis and possible disease associations of anellovirus infections, arising in part due to the lack of a robust cell culture system for viral replication or tractable small-animal model. We report the identification of diverse anelloviruses in several species of wild rodents. The viruses are highly prevalent in wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) and field voles (Microtus agrestis), detectable at a low frequency in bank voles (Myodes glareolus), but absent from house mice (Mus musculus). The viruses identified have a genomic organization consistent with other anelloviruses, but form two clear phylogenetic groups that are as distinct from each other as from defined genera.

Host specificity of Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma) species: evidence that bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) carry only one T. (H.) evotomys 18S rRNA genotype but wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) carry at least two polyphyletic parasites

Parasitology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. NOYES ◽  
P. AMBROSE ◽  
F. BARKER ◽  
M. BEGON ◽  
M. BENNET ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Wood Mouse ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Apodemus Sylvaticus ◽  
Clethrionomys Glareolus ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Wood Mice ◽  
Bank Voles

The strongest evidence for host specificity of mammalian trypanosomes comes from parasites of the subgenus Trypanosoma (Herpetosoma). Laboratory studies have shown that T. (Herpetosoma) species will not infect an alternative host. However, this has not been demonstrated in wild populations. We screened 560 bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus) and 148 wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) for trypanosomes by PCR amplification of the 18S rRNA gene. In total, 109 (19%) bank voles and 12 (8%) wood mice were infected. A HaeIII restriction site was discovered that could be used to discriminate between T. (H.) evotomys of the bank vole and T. (H.) grosi of the wood mouse. All the parasites in the bank voles were identified as T. (Herpetosoma) evotomys by RFLP-PCR. Out of the 12 wood mouse infections 10 were due to T. grosi. Two of the wood mice were infected with parasites with a novel genotype that was most similar to those of T. evotomys and T. microti of voles. Fifty-six fleas collected from the rodents were also screened for trypanosomes; 9 were infected with T. evotomys and 1 with T. grosi. One of the fleas infected with T. evotomys was collected from a wood mouse.

Association between Habitat and Prevalence of Hantavirus Infections in Bank Voles (Myodes glareolus) and Wood Mice (Apodemus sylvaticus)

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Heyman ◽  
Rita Van Mele ◽  
Lejla Smajlovic ◽  
Alexandre Dobly ◽  
Christel Cochez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apodemus Sylvaticus ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Wood Mice ◽  
Bank Voles
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document