scholarly journals In silico characterization of mechanisms positioning costimulatory and checkpoint complexes in immune synapses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasios Siokis ◽  
Philippe A. Robert ◽  
Philippos Demetriou ◽  
Audun Kvalvaag ◽  
Salvatore Valvo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Immunoglobulin Superfamily ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Immunological Synapses ◽  
Immune Synapses ◽  
Distal Aspect ◽  
In Silico Characterization

AbstractIntegrin and small immunoglobulin superfamily (sIGSF) adhesion complexes function physiologically in human immunological synapses (IS) wherein sIGSF complexes form a corolla of microdomains around an integrin ring and secretory core. The corolla recruits and retains the major costimulatory and checkpoint complexes that regulate the response to T cell receptor (TCR) engagement, making forces that govern corolla formation of particular interest. We developed a phenomenological agent-based model in order to test different hypotheses concerning the mechanisms underlying molecular reorganization during IS formation. The model showed that sIGSF complexes are passively excluded to the distal aspect of the IS as long as their interaction with the ramified F-actin transport network is absent or weaker than that of integrins. An attractive force between sIGSF adhesion and costimulatory/checkpoint complexes relocates the latter from the centre of the IS to the corolla. The simulations suggest that size based sorting interactions with large glycocalyx components as well as a short-range self-attraction between sIGSF complexes explain the corolla “petals”. These molecular and mechanistic features establish a general model that can recapitulate complex pattern formation processes observed in cell-bilayer and cell-cell interfaces.One Sentence SummaryComputer simulations of immunological synapses reveal the localization mechanisms of immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion and costimulatory/checkpoint complexes.

scholarly journals Characterization of human T cells reactive with the Mycoplasma arthritidis-derived superantigen (MAM): generation of a monoclonal antibody against V beta 17, the T cell receptor gene product expressed by a large fraction of MAM-reactive human T cells.

1991 ◽  
Vol 174 (4) ◽  
pp. 891-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Friedman ◽  
M K Crow ◽  
J R Tumang ◽  
M Tumang ◽  
Y Q Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell ◽  
Mycoplasma Arthritidis ◽  
Human T Cells

While all known microbial superantigens are mitogenic for human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), the functional response induced by Mycoplasma arthritidis-derived superantigen (MAM) is unique in that MAM stimulation of PBL consistently results in T cell-dependent B cell activation characterized by polyclonal IgM and IgG production. These immunostimulatory effects of MAM on the humoral arm of the human immune system warranted a more precise characterization of MAM-reactive human T cells. Using an uncloned MAM reactive human T cell line as immunogen, we have generated a monoclonal antibody (mAb) (termed C1) specific for the T cell receptor V beta gene expressed by the major fraction of MAM-reactive human T cells, V beta 17. In addition, a V beta 17- MAM-reactive T cell population exists, assessed by MAM, induced T cell proliferation and cytotoxic T cell activity. mAb C1 will be useful in characterizing the functional properties of V beta 17+ T cells and their potential role in autoimmune disease.

scholarly journals Functional characterization of a T-cell receptor BV6+T-cell clone derived from a leprosy lesion

Immunology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shereen Sabet ◽  
Maria-Teresa Ochoa ◽  
Peter A. Sieling ◽  
Thomas H. Rea ◽  
Robert L. Modlin
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cell Clone ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
T Cell Clone

Mouse autoreactive γ/δ T cells II. Molecular characterization of the T cell receptor

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Ezquerra ◽  
David B. Wilde ◽  
Thomas J. McConnell ◽  
Knut Sturmhöfel ◽  
Robert B. Valas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cell Receptor

scholarly journals Characterization of normal human CD3+ CD5- and γδ T cell receptor positive T lymphocytes

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. SROUR ◽  
T. LEEMHUIS ◽  
L. JENSKI ◽  
R. REDMOND ◽  
D. FILLAK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Γδ T Cell ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Γδ T Cell Receptor

scholarly journals Genotypic characterization of centrocytic lymphoma: frequent rearrangement of the chromosome 11 bcl-1 locus

Blood ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 1387-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Williams ◽  
CD Westermann ◽  
SH Swerdlow
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Southern Blotting ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Chromosome 11 ◽  
Myc Gene ◽  
T Cell Receptor Beta ◽  
Constant Gene ◽  
Receptor Beta

Abstract Centrocytic lymphomas are defined in the Kiel classification as B-cell lymphomas composed exclusively of cells resembling cleaved follicular center cells (FCC). These lymphomas have been shown to be histologically, immunophenotypically, and clinically distinct from other cleaved FCC lymphomas. DNA from 18 centrocytic lymphomas (14 patients) was analyzed using Southern blotting and probes for immunoglobulin heavy (JH) and kappa light chain (JK) joining gene, T- cell receptor beta chain constant gene (CB), bcl-1, bcl-2, and c-myc gene rearrangements. All of the lymphomas had JH and JK rearrangements, confirming their B-cell origin. None of the specimens had detectable CB, bcl-2, or c-myc rearrangements. However, 4 of 14 patients (28.6%) had rearrangement of the chromosome 11 bcl-1 locus. Therefore, centrocytic lymphomas are genotypically distinguishable from the majority of other small cleaved FCC lymphomas by their lack of demonstrable bcl-2 rearrangements. This supports the distinct nature of centrocytic lymphomas and suggests the lack of importance for the putative oncogene bcl-2 in these cases. Furthermore, the frequent rearrangement of bcl-1 suggests a possible role for this locus in the pathogenesis of at least some centrocytic lymphomas.

scholarly journals Detection of T-cell receptor gamma chain V gene rearrangements using the polymerase chain reaction: application to the study of clonal disease cells in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1989-1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
JJ Taylor ◽  
D Rowe ◽  
IK Williamson ◽  
SE Christmas ◽  
SJ Proctor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Gamma Chain ◽  
Cell Clones ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract This report describes the development and characterization of a method for the amplification of rearranged V-J segments of the human T-cell receptor gamma chain (TCRG) locus using an adaptation of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The technique uses a single pair of ‘consensus’ primers to amplify rearrangements involving the V gamma I subgroup genes, which are common in malignant cells from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Using this method we were able to detect rearrangements in the TCRG locus in disease cells from patients with T-cell ALL (12 of 12), common ALL (10 of 14), and Null cell ALL (2 of 2) at presentation. Monoallelic and biallelic rearrangements involving V gamma I subgroup genes were identified by restriction analysis of PCR products from DNA samples from a T-cell leukemic cell line, T-cell clones, and disease cells from patients with ALL of T-and B-cell lineage at presentation. These results confirmed the presence of cell clones within the presentation samples and, in one case, confirmed the persistence of the original malignant cell clone at relapse. This is a rapid and specific method for the detection and characterization of rearrangements of the TCRG locus without recourse to Southern blotting. Therefore, the PCR technique described herein can provide the basis for the study of clonal evolution and minimal residual disease on a high proportion of patients with ALL.

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